García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during SYREN cruise from Funchal Road to Virginia started at 1755-01-15 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752422, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 28.350286 * Median Longitude: -56.875143 * South-bound Latitude: 23.280000 * West-bound Longitude: -74.990000 * North-bound Latitude: 37.280000 * East-bound Longitude: -18.700000
Date/Time Start: 1755-01-15T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1755-02-18T17:00:00
Event(s):
Syren_17550115_NMM_ADM/L/S619 * Latitude Start: 32.270000 * Longitude Start: -16.930000 * Latitude End: 36.880000 * Longitude End: -75.630000 * Date/Time Start: 1755-01-15T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1755-02-18T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Syren, Voyage: Funchal Road (Madeira) - Virginia, 1st Observer: Thomas Winter (Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Comment | Comment | Any remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc. | |||
| 12 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 13 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 14 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 15 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 16 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 17 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 18 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 19 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 20 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 21 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 22 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 23 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 24 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 25 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 26 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 27 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 28 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
664 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Comment (Any remark, found in the logb...) | 12 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 13 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 14 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 15 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...) | 16 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 17 ww (Weather description) | 18 Precip descr | 19 State sea descr | 20 Clearness | 21 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 22 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 23 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 24 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 25 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 26 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 27 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 28 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1755-01-15T13:00 | 30.23 | -18.70 | 11 | MADEIRA | N31E | 57 | S31:0W | 172.00 | -12 | WSW, NNE | FIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249904 | ||||||
| 1755-01-16T13:00 | 28.03 | -21.44 | 326 | MADEIRA | N39:46E | 121 | SW1/4W | 196.00 | -12 | NNW | FIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249905 | ||||||
| 1755-01-17T14:00 | 26.60 | -24.42 | 59 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N46:47E | 178 | S61W | 182.00 | -9 | E-ENE | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249906 | ||||||
| 1755-01-18T14:00 | 25.27 | -26.87 | 59 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N49:28E | 228 | SWBW1/4W | 156.00 | -9 | E-ENE | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249907 | ||||||
| 1755-01-19T14:00 | 24.97 | -30.04 | 38 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N56:3E | 276 | S84W | 174.00 | -7 | NE | MODERATE | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249908 | |||||
| 1755-01-20T14:00 | 23.80 | -32.44 | 83 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N56:54E | 325 | SWBW1/2W | 151.00 | -7 | E | FIRST AND MIDDLE PART MODERATE, THE LATTER PART FRESH GALES | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249909 | ||||||
| 1755-01-21T14:00 | 23.55 | -35.27 | 40 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N60:31E | 371 | W1/2S | 156.00 | -5 | E, NE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PART MODERATE, THE LATTER PART FRESH GALES | RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249910 | |||||
| 1755-01-22T15:00 | 23.28 | -38.80 | 64 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N64:0E | 428 | S85W | 198.00 | -4 | ENE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PART MODERATE, THE LATTER PART FRESH GALES | RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249911 | |||||
| 1755-01-23T15:00 | 23.28 | -43.15 | 43 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N67:42E | 498 | W | 240.00 | -3 | ENE-NE | FRESH GALES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249912 | |||||||
| 1755-01-24T15:00 | 23.57 | -46.95 | 66 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N70:59E | 559 | N83W | 210.00 | -3 | ENE | FRESH GALES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249913 | |||||||
| 1755-01-25T15:00 | 23.93 | -49.97 | 89 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N73:15E | 606 | N82W | 168.00 | -1 | ENE, E | FRESH GALES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249914 | |||||||
| 1755-01-26T15:00 | 24.13 | -52.04 | 44 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N74:31E | 639 | N84W | 114.00 | -1 | E-NE | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249915 | ||||||
| 1755-01-27T16:00 | 24.40 | -54.05 | 45 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N75:45E | 673 | W3/4N | 112.00 | 0 | N-NE | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE, THE MIDDLE SQUALLY | MIDDLE PART RAIN | FIRST AND LATTER PART CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249916 | |||||
| 1755-01-28T16:00 | 25.32 | -57.12 | 45 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N78:10E | 717 | N72W | 180.00 | 0 | N-NE | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE, THE MIDDLE SQUALLY | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249917 | ||||||
| 1755-01-29T16:00 | 26.43 | -59.32 | 46 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N80:24E | 747 | N60W | 136.00 | 1 | NE | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249918 | ||||||
| 1755-01-30T16:00 | 26.73 | -60.35 | 362 | MADEIRA | N81:4E | 764 | N72W | 58.00 | 1 | VARIABLE | SQUALLY | THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | HARD RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 249919 | ||||||
| 1755-01-31T16:00 | 27.25 | -61.39 | 24 | 9.3 | MADEIRA | N82E | 778 | N61W | 63.00 | IN HAULING DOWN THE JIBB AND MAIN TOPMAST STAYSAIL THEY BLOWED AWAY | 1 | NNW, NNE | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249920 | |||||
| 1755-02-01T16:00 | 27.93 | -62.55 | 113 | 9.3 | MADEIRA | N83:7E | 790 | NWBW | 74.00 | 0 | E, ESE | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249921 | ||||||
| 1755-02-02T16:00 | 29.73 | -64.94 | 276 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N85:54E | 821 | N48W | 166.00 | 0 | W1/2N | FRESH GALES | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249922 | ||||||
| 1755-02-03T16:00 | 28.62 | -65.99 | 315 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N84:32E | 850 | SW1/2S | 84.00 | 0 | NW | FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249923 | ||||||
| 1755-02-04T16:00 | 27.97 | -67.15 | 362 | MADEIRA | N83:48E | 870 | S57W | 74.00 | 0 | VARIABLE | MOSTLY SQUALLY | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249924 | |||||||
| 1755-02-05T17:00 | 27.00 | -67.75 | 362 | 1.0 | MADEIRA | N82:40E | 888 | S29W | 67.00 | 3 | VARIABLE | LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249925 | |||||||
| 1755-02-06T17:00 | 28.42 | -70.65 | 204 | MADEIRA | N84:45E | 929 | N61W | 176.00 | 1 | SE, SSW | HARD SQUALLS | UNCONSTANT WEATHER | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249926 | ||||||
| 1755-02-07T17:00 | 29.68 | -70.77 | 271 | MADEIRA | N86:18E | 924 | N5W | 76.00 | 1 | WNW, W | HARD SQUALLS | UNCONSTANT WEATHER | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249927 | ||||||
| 1755-02-08T17:00 | 30.80 | -71.92 | 249 | MADEIRA | N87:48E | 930 | N44W | 90.00 | 1 | SW, WSW | HARD SQUALLS | UNCONSTANT WEATHER. THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 249928 | ||||||
| 1755-02-09T17:00 | 30.78 | -72.17 | 316 | MADEIRA | N87:44E | 933 | S87W | 13.00 | 1 | NW | HARD SQUALLS | UNCONSTANT WEATHER. THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 249929 | ||||||
| 1755-02-10T17:00 | 30.45 | -72.34 | 294 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N87:19E | 941 | SSW | 22.00 | 1 | WNW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249930 | ||||||
| 1755-02-11T17:00 | 31.30 | -72.54 | 317 | 26.8 | MADEIRA | N88:21E | 949 | N12W | 51.00 | 2 | WNW, W, WSW, NW | HARD GALES AND SQUALLY | THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 249931 | ||||||
| 1755-02-12T17:00 | 30.50 | -73.55 | 340 | 15.4 | MADEIRA | N87:25E | 961 | SW1/4W | 71.00 | 2 | NNW | HARD GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER PART MORE MODERATE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249932 | |||||||
| 1755-02-13T17:00 | 30.60 | -74.82 | 351 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N87:35E | 974 | N85W | 65.00 | 2 | NNW, N, NBW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249933 | ||||||
| 1755-02-14T17:00 | 32.28 | -74.99 | 137 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N89:33E | 976 | N5W | 100.00 | TRY THE CURRENT FOUND NONE | 2 | NE-SE | MODERATE | TRY THE CURRENT FOUND NONE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249934 | ||||
| 1755-02-15T17:00 | 34.80 | -73.85 | 362 | 26.8 | MADEIRA | N87:25E | 947 | N20E | 162.00 | -1 | VARIABLE | HARD GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249935 | |||||||
| 1755-02-16T17:00 | 36.45 | -73.04 | 314 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N87:35E | 974 | N21E | 106.00 | -1 | NW | SW | MOST PART FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249936 | |||||
| 1755-02-17T17:00 | 37.28 | -74.30 | 292 | 26.8 | MADEIRA | N84:24E | 947 | NW1/2W | 79.00 | -1 | SSW, SW, WNW | HARD GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249937 | |||||||
| 1755-02-18T17:00 | 36.90 | -74.99 | 247 | 6.7 | CAPE HENRY | 6 | S54W | 38.00 | -1 | WNW-WSW | FIRST PART HARD GALES AND LATTER PART MODERATE | LATTER PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 249938 |