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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during STAR cruise from Spithead to Simons Bay started at 1797-03-11 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752336, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -4.756207 * Median Longitude: -15.815345 * South-bound Latitude: -35.430000 * West-bound Longitude: -27.000000 * North-bound Latitude: 47.130000 * East-bound Longitude: 18.250000
Date/Time Start: 1797-03-11T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1797-05-07T11:00:00
Event(s):
Star_17970311_NMM_ADM/L/S80 * Latitude Start: 50.680000 * Longitude Start: -0.960000 * Latitude End: -33.380000 * Longitude End: 17.270000 * Date/Time Start: 1797-03-11T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1797-05-07T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Star (Brig/Sloop), Voyage: Spithead - Simon'S Bay, 1st Observer: D. Atkins (Captain), 2nd Observer: George Atkinson (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 16G 365BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
15 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
16 ClearnessClearness
17 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
18 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
19 FogFog1 If fog was reported
20 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
21 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
22 HailHail1 If hail was reported
23 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
24 CommentComment
25 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1089 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
14 
Precip descr
15 
State sea descr
16 
Clearness
17 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
18 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
19 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
20 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
21 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
22 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
23 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
24 
Comment
25 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1797-03-11T13:0047.13-10.23446.7LIZARDN40E74S40W222.00-24NEBE, ENEMODERATE BREEZESRAIN0100000244131
1797-03-12T13:0044.00-12.676619.0CAPE FINNISTEREENE61S28W216.00-24EBS, EFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY0000000244132
1797-03-13T13:0040.83-14.33466.7PORTO SANCTON12W160S21W208.00-22EBS, ENEFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, THEN MORE MODERATE0000000244133
1797-03-14T13:0039.40-15.00236.7PORTO SANCTOS10W130S20W86.00-22SBE, NEMODERATECLEAR0000000244134
1797-03-15T13:0037.13-15.97242.6PORTO SANCTOS1/2W83S18W148.00-21VARIABLE, NELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000244135
1797-03-16T13:0035.60-16.402726.7PORTO SANCTOS53S14W94.00-21WSW, WNWMODERATE BREEZE, FLYING SQUALLS0000000244136
1797-03-17T13:0034.03-16.262156.7MADEIRA, S MOSTSW1/2S-21N, SWBWMODERATE BREEZE, FLYING SQUALLSHEAVY SWELL FROM SW0000000244137
1797-03-18T13:0032.47-16.113192.6DISERTERS, S ENDWNW12-19N, NNWLIGHT BREEZECLEAR0000000244138
1797-03-19T13:0030.82-15.972296.7MADEIRAN32W42S32E128.00-19SW, NNW, WSWMODERATE BREEZE, FLYING SQUALLS0000000244139
1797-03-20T13:0029.32-17.752866.7PALMAS1/2W14S45W132.00-18NW, NNW, NWBWMODERATE BREEZE, FLYING SQUALLS0000000244140
1797-03-21T13:0030.23-17.05296PALMAS23W35N23E105.00-19N, NBE, NWFRESH BREEZES, THEN VERY SQUALLYHEAVY SWELL FORM WCLEAR0000000244141
1797-03-22T13:0028.77-20.403539.3ST ANTHONYSS19W243S63W199.00-18NE, N, NBEFRESH BREEZE AND HEAVY SQUALLS0000000244142
1797-03-23T13:0025.80-22.30286.7ST ANTHONYSS16W180S30W204.00-17EBS, NEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000244143
1797-03-24T14:0022.22-23.72426.7ST ANTHONYSS3/4W113S23W201.00-14E, NEBEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000244144
1797-03-25T14:0019.15-24.88656.7ST ANTHONYSS40S17W225.00-14NE, EBS, EBNMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000244145
1797-03-26T14:0015.90-25.08679.3ST PAULSS1/2W303S1/4W197.00-12ENE, EBNFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000244146
1797-03-27T14:0012.80-23.43679.3ST PAULSS15E240S28E210.00-12NEBE, EBNFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000244147
1797-03-28T13:009.75-21.67546.7ST PAULSS28E200S25E205.00-14ENEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000244148
1797-03-29T13:007.43-21.55552.6ST PAULSS38W160S10E140.00-13ENELIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000244149
1797-03-30T13:005.28-21.073622.6ASSENSIONS65E290S12E134.00-13VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000244150
1797-03-31T13:003.22-20.68102.6ASSENSIONS29E290S11E125.00-13NW, ENE, NNELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000244151
1797-04-01T13:002.23-20.52112.6ASSENSIONS31E237S10E61.00-12NEBE, NNELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR THEN DARK CLOUDY0000000244152
1797-04-02T13:001.48-21.73782.6BRAVAN13W272S4W46.00-12VARIABLE, ELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR THEN DARK CLOUDY0000000244153
1797-04-03T13:000.72-21.801341.0BRAVANBW287S4W48.00-12EBS, SEBSLIGHT AIRSCLEAR THEN CLOUDY0000000244154
1797-04-04T14:00-0.05-23.57701.0TRINIDADAS13W422S4E48.00-9SE, EBNLIGHT AIRSCLEAR THEN CLOUDY0000000244155
1797-04-05T14:00-1.15-23.951266.7TRINIDADAS15W397S20W72.00-9SEMODERATE BREEZES AND FLYING SQUALLS0000000244156
1797-04-06T14:00-3.20-24.723626.7TRINIDADAS16W360S20W134.00-8SEBE, VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZES AND FLYING SQUALLS0000000244157
1797-04-07T14:00-5.50-25.821386.7TRINIDADAS15W318S26W153.00-8SEBSMODERATE BREEZES AND FLYING SQUALLS0000000244158
1797-04-08T14:00-7.97-26.221396.7TRINIDADAS16W260S9W150.00-7SEBSMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000244159
1797-04-09T14:00-10.30-26.831286.7TRINIDADAS17W212S15W145.00-7SEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000244160
1797-04-10T14:00-12.35-26.871176.7TRINIDADAS21W172S1W118.00-7E, SEBEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000244161
1797-04-11T14:00-14.38-26.60842.6TRINIDADAS28W137S8E121.00-6ESE, ELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000244162
1797-04-12T14:00-15.67-26.53732.6TRINIDADAS34W117S3E75.00-6SE, SSW, EBNLIGHT BREEZES AND FLYING SQUALLS0000000244163
1797-04-13T14:00-18.12-26.421082.6TRINIDADAS55W82S2:30E147.00-5EBS, ESELIGHT BREEZESHEAVY SWELL FROM SWCLEAR0000000244164
1797-04-14T14:00-19.15-26.57108TRINIDADAS74W68S7W74.00-5SW, SSE, ESEFIRST AND MID LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER VARIABLECLEAR0000000244165
1797-04-15T14:00-20.98-27.001752.6TRINIDADAN61W21S14E105.00-5ESE, ENE, SLIGHT BREEZES, SQUALLS AT TIMES0000000244166
1797-04-16T14:00-22.72-26.58752.6SAXEMBURGS38E205S13E105.00-4EBS, ENE, EBNLIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000244167
1797-04-17T14:00-25.10-24.20196.7SAXEMBURGS35E138S41E197.00-4NBE, NNEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000244168
1797-04-18T13:00-26.90-21.323622.6SAXEMBURGS19E83S56E188.00-7VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000244169
1797-04-19T13:00-27.37-20.122181.0SAXEMBURGS19E7282.00-7SBW, SWLIGHT AIRSHEAVY SWELL FROM SWCLOUDY0000000244170
1797-04-20T13:00-27.67-20.783621.0SAXEMBURGS48W65S48E24.00-6SSW, NNE, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMHEAVY SWELL FROM SW0000000244171
1797-04-21T13:00-27.85-19.673621.0SAXEMBURGS74E69S74E41.00-6SWBS, VARIABLELIGHT AIRSCLOUDY THEN CLEAR0000100244172
1797-04-22T13:00-29.48-20.601526.7SAXEMBURGS8W31S8W90.00-6EBN, SSEMODERATEHEAVY SWELL FROM SWCLOUDY0000000244173
1797-04-23T13:00-31.32-18.78956.7SAXEMBURGS41ES41E144.00-6NEBN, EBSMODERATE SQUALLS AT TIMESCLOUDY0000000244174
1797-04-24T13:00-32.85-15.26386.7SAXEMBURGS64E560S64E208.00-7NNE, NEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000244175
1797-04-25T13:00-33.73-11.334622.6SAXEMBURGS74E490S74E212.00-10NNE, NEBEFRESH GALES THEN STRONG GALESHAZY THEN CLEAR0000000244176
1797-04-26T13:00-34.33-10.2036222.6SAXEMBURGS79E436S79E164.00-10SSW, W, VARIABLESTRONG GALE AND SQUALLYHEAVY SWELL FROM NNE THEN N0000000244177
1797-04-27T13:00-34.87-8.203621.0SAXEMBURGS10E432S10E31.00-10E, SSE, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMCLOUDY0000000244178
1797-04-28T12:00-34.87-6.821782.6SAXEMBURGN89E407S88E73.00-13SWBS, SBWLIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000244179
1797-04-29T12:00-35.43-4.8119022.6CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN87E370S74E108.00-13NWBW, NEBN, SSWVARIABLE THEN STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY0000000244180
1797-04-30T12:00-35.20-1.2019822.6CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN87E308N86E182.00-16SWBSSTRONG GALES AND SQUALLY0000000244181
1797-05-01T12:00-34.973.041846.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN87E308N86E214.00-19S, SSWMORE MODERATECLOUDY0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation244182
1797-05-02T12:00-34.784.803629.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN88E208N84E92.00-19VARIABLEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation244183
1797-05-03T11:00-34.988.50239.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN86E138N87E210.00-22NBE, NEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation244184
1797-05-04T11:00-34.8812.203496.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN83E65N87E217.00-22WBN, NBEFRESH BREEZES THEN MORE MODERATECLOUDY0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation244185
1797-05-05T11:00-34.3815.902576.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES86E20N79E137.00-24S, WBNMODERATECLEAR0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation244186
1797-05-06T11:00-34.6017.563622.6CAPE LE GALLESS85E26S83E89.00-26VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation244187
1797-05-07T11:00-34.4718.253231.0CAPE LE GALLESS68E14N82E40.00-26NBWLIGHT AIRSCLEAR0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation244188