Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -2.320200 * Median Longitude: 14.346400 * South-bound Latitude: -36.650000 * West-bound Longitude: -36.530000 * North-bound Latitude: 52.870000 * East-bound Longitude: 103.520000

Date/Time Start: 1847-10-04T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1848-01-11T20:00:00

Event(s):

Stad_Utrecht_18471004_O_REIS_7B_P12-50 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 52.900000 * Longitude End: 4.100000 * Date/Time Start: 1847-10-04T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1848-01-11T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Stad Utrecht, Voyage: Batavia - Amsterdam, 1st Observer: F.H.J. Taski (Kapitein)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Pressure, atmospheric	PPPP	hPa	No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7	Temperature, air	TTT	°C
8	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
9	Watch	Watch		Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10	Glasses	Glasses		Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11	Comment	Comment		Any remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about any biological item
12	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13	Wind scale reference	Wind scale ref	#	Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
14	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the (outside) air thermometer
15	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the air pressure
16	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
17	Current direction description	Cur dir descr		Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
18	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
19	Present weather	ww		Weather description
20	Precipitation description	Precip descr
21	State of the sea description	State sea descr
22	Cloud type	Cloud type
23	Clearness	Clearness
24	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
25	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
26	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
27	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
28	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
29	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
30	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
31	Comment	Comment
32	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

2079 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...)	7 TTT [°C]	8 - (1 If position is considered t...)	9 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...)	10 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...)	11 Comment (Any remark, found in the logb...)	12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	13 Wind scale ref [#] (Name of, or reference to the ...)	14 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...)	15 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure)	16 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	17 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...)	18 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	19 ww (Weather description)	20 Precip descr	21 State sea descr	22 Cloud type	23 Clearness	24 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	25 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	31 Comment	32 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1847-10-04T13:00	-7.07	103.52	136	6.7				PV	8		1	4			ZO		4			Z01			0	0		241649
1847-10-05T13:00	-8.15	100.98	135	9.3				PV	8		0	5			ZO		5					H00	0	0		241650
1847-10-06T13:00	-9.67	97.73	135	9.3				PV	8		0	5			ZO		5					H00	0	0		241651
1847-10-07T14:00	-11.08	94.73	134	12.3	1014.3	29.4		PV	8		-1	6	85.00	29.95	ZO		6					H00	0	0		241652
1847-10-08T14:00	-12.70	91.45	132	12.3	1014.3	28.9		PV	8		-3	6	84.00	29.95	ZO		6					H00	0	0		241653
1847-10-09T14:00	-14.38	88.70	132	12.3	1014.3	28.3		PV	8		-3	6	83.00	29.95	ZO		6	W00			V01		1	0		241654
1847-10-10T14:00	-15.77	85.48	132	12.3	1014.3	28.3		PV	8		-3	6	83.00	29.95	ZO		6				V10		0	0		241655
1847-10-11T15:00	-17.18	82.32	142	12.3	1014.3	28.3		PV	8		-4	6	83.00	29.95	ZOTZ		6				V01		0	0		241656
1847-10-12T15:00	-18.87	79.27	129	9.3	1014.3	27.2		PV	8		-6	5	81.00	29.95	ZO		5					H00	0	0		241657
1847-10-13T15:00	-20.05	76.52	106	6.7	1014.3	27.2		PV	8		-7	4	81.00	29.95	OZO		4				V01	H00	0	0		241658
1847-10-14T15:00	-20.52	75.68	151	2.6	1048.2	26.7		PV	8		-7	2	80.00	30.95	ZZO		2				V01	H00	0	0		241659
1847-10-15T15:00	-21.27	74.50	162	6.7	1014.3	26.1		PV	8		-7	4	79.00	29.95	ZTO		4	W00					1	0		241660
1847-10-16T15:00	-21.73	71.83	172	12.3	1014.3	25.0		PV	8		-8	6	77.00	29.95	Z		6				V10		0	0		241661
1847-10-17T15:00	-22.30	68.47	172	6.7	1018.7	23.3		PV	8		-8	4	74.00	30.08	Z		4				V01	H00	0	0		241662
1847-10-18T16:00	-23.17	66.17	146	2.6	1018.7	22.2		PV	8		-12	2	72.00	30.08	ZZO		2					H00	0	0		241663
1847-10-19T16:00	-23.00	64.72	213	2.6	1019.0	23.9		PV	8		-12	2	75.00	30.09	ZW		2				V00	H00	0	0		241664
1847-10-20T16:00	-23.00	63.05	157	6.7	1018.7	21.7		PV	8		-12	4	71.00	30.08	ZTO		4					H00	0	0		241665
1847-10-21T16:00	-23.78	61.23	156	6.7	1017.7	22.8		PV	8		-13	4	73.00	30.05	ZTO		4				V01	H00	0	0		241666
1847-10-22T16:00	-24.87	59.48	55	2.6	1025.8	23.9		PV	8		-13	2	75.00	30.29	ONO		2					H00	0	0		241667
1847-10-23T16:00	-25.87	58.60	302	12.3	1019.4	24.4		PV	8		-13	6	76.00	30.10	NW		6					H00	0	0		241668
1847-10-24T16:00	-26.80	57.12	19	6.7	1022.1	24.4		PV	8		-15	4	76.00	30.18	NOTN		4				V01	H00	0	0		241669
1847-10-25T16:00	-27.53	55.18	4	9.3	1021.1	25.0		PV	8		-19	5	77.00	30.15	NNO		5					H00	0	0		241670
1847-10-26T16:00	-28.45	52.53	274	4.6	1008.5	23.9		PV	8		-19	3	75.00	29.78	WNW		3	W00	W20				1	1		241671
1847-10-27T17:00	-29.00	51.68	159	6.7	1018.7	21.1		PV	8		-21	4	70.00	30.08	Z		4				V01		0	0		241672
1847-10-28T17:00	-29.35	49.65	92	6.7	1025.5	22.2		PV	8		-21	4	72.00	30.28	OZO		4						0	0		241673
1847-10-29T17:00	-29.23	46.65	46	6.7	1024.5	21.1		PV	8		-22	4	70.00	30.25	ONO		4					H00	0	0		241674
1847-10-30T17:00	-29.72	43.90	57	6.7	1020.4	21.1		PV	8		-22	4	70.00	30.13	OTN		4				V01	H00	0	0		241675
1847-10-31T17:00	-29.25	41.88	21	6.7	1020.0	25.0		PV	8	VINGEN ENIGE VISSEN.	-24	4	77.00	30.12	NO		4					H00	0	0		241676
1847-11-01T17:00	-30.18	38.62	21	6.7	1019.0	25.0		PV	8		-24	4	77.00	30.09	NO		4					H00	0	0		241677
1847-11-02T18:00	-30.53	36.65	64	6.7	1019.0	23.9		PV	8		-26	4	75.00	30.09	O		4					H00	0	0		241678
1847-11-03T18:00	-31.45	34.10	64	12.3	1010.6	24.4		PV	8		-26	6	76.00	29.84	O		6						0	0		241679
1847-11-04T18:00	-32.00	31.82	164	2.6	1013.6	24.4		PV	8		-27	2	76.00	29.93	ZTW		2				V05		0	0		241680
1847-11-05T18:00	-32.65	30.23	27	2.6	1011.9	21.1		PV	8		-29	2	70.00	29.88	NOTO		2				V05		0	0		241681
1847-11-06T18:00	-33.87	29.25	84	12.3	1017.7	24.4		PV	8		-29	6	76.00	30.05	OZO		6				V10		0	0		241682
1847-11-07T18:00	-35.42	26.08	71	9.3	1022.1	23.9		PV	8		-30	5	75.00	30.18	OTZ		5				V05		0	0		241683
1847-11-08T19:00	-35.75	21.98	72	2.6	1012.3	21.7		PV	8		-29	2	71.00	29.89	OTZ		2			Z01			0	0		241684
1847-11-09T19:00	-36.65	20.67	241	6.7	1008.5	21.7		PV	8		-29	4	71.00	29.78	W		4				V00		0	0		241685
1847-11-10T19:00	-35.98	20.13	117	2.6	1021.4	18.3		PV	8		-29	2	65.00	30.16	ZOTZ		2						0	0		241686
1847-11-11T19:00	-36.05	19.33	241	4.6	1014.3	20.6		PV	8		-29	3	69.00	29.95	W		3						0	0		241687
1847-11-12T19:00	-35.43	18.77	196	2.6	1019.4	20.6		PV	8		-29	2	69.00	30.10	ZW		2				V05		0	0		241688
1847-11-13T19:00	-35.02	16.92	196	4.6				PV	8		-29	3			ZW		3				V00		0	0		241689
1847-11-14T19:00	-33.98	15.43	230	4.6	1016.0	19.4		PV	8		-29	3	67.00	30.00	WTZ		3						0	0		241690
1847-11-15T19:00	-32.82	13.78	151	6.7	1017.7	19.4		PV	8		-29	4	67.00	30.05	Z		4						0	0		241691
1847-11-16T19:00	-31.37	11.80	108	6.7	1018.7	21.1		PV	8		-27	4	70.00	30.08	ZO		4					H00	0	0		241692
1847-11-17T19:00	-29.47	9.62	153	6.7	1016.0	20.6		PV	8		-27	4	69.00	30.00	Z		4					H00	0	0		241693
1847-11-18T19:00	-28.30	7.97	142	6.7	1016.0	21.1		PV	8		-27	4	70.00	30.00	ZTO		4						0	0		241694
1847-11-19T20:00	-26.88	5.92	109	2.6	1016.0	24.4		PV	8		-26	2	76.00	30.00	ZO		2					H00	0	0		241695
1847-11-20T20:00	-25.77	4.67	120	2.6	1016.0	25.6		PV	8		-26	2	78.00	30.00	ZOTZ		2				V00	H00	0	0	a trivial correction was made in this observation	241696
1847-11-21T20:00	-24.65	2.68	87	2.6	1016.0	25.0		PV	8		-26	2	77.00	30.00	OZO		2						0	0		241697
1847-11-22T20:00	-23.63	1.42	89	2.6	1016.0	25.0		PV	8		-24	2	77.00	30.00	OZO		2						0	0		241698
1847-11-23T20:00	-22.42	0.05	89	2.6	1016.0	24.4		PV	8		-24	2	76.00	30.00	OZO		2						0	0		241699
1847-11-24T20:00	-20.97	-1.43	89	6.7	1019.4	24.4		PV	8		-24	4	76.00	30.10	OZO		4				V05	H00	0	0		241700
1847-11-25T20:00	-19.20	-3.18	90	9.3	1019.4	25.0		PV	8		-23	5	77.00	30.10	OZO		5				V10		0	0	a trivial correction was made in this observation	241701
1847-11-26T20:00	-16.87	-4.98	91	6.7	1019.4	25.0		PV	8		-23	4	77.00	30.10	OZO		4					H00	0	0		241702
1847-11-27T20:00	-15.85	-5.70	102	6.7	1019.4	24.4		PV	8		-23	4	76.00	30.10	ZOTO		4						0	0		241703
1847-11-28T21:00	-14.05	-7.93	103	9.3	1019.4	23.3		PV	8		-21	5	74.00	30.10	ZOTO		5					H00	0	0		241704
1847-11-29T21:00	-12.35	-10.17	92	9.3	1019.4	25.0		PV	8		-21	5	77.00	30.10	OZO		5				V04		0	0		241705
1847-11-30T21:00	-10.43	-11.80	92	9.3	1019.4	24.4		PV	8		-21	5	76.00	30.10	OZO		5					H00	0	0		241706
1847-12-01T21:00	-8.57	-14.57	94	9.3	1019.4	25.6		PV	8		-19	5	78.00	30.10	OZO		5						0	0		241707
1847-12-02T21:00	-6.30	-16.33	94	6.7	1019.4	25.0		PV	8		-19	4	77.00	30.10	OZO		4						0	0		241708
1847-12-03T21:00	-4.22	-18.20	96	9.3	1016.0	25.6		PV	8		-17	5	78.00	30.00	OZO		5						0	0		241709
1847-12-04T21:00	-2.43	-20.12	118	6.7	1019.4	25.0		PV	8		-17	4	77.00	30.10	ZO		4				V01		0	0		241710
1847-12-05T21:00	0.07	-20.65	118	6.7	1019.4	25.0		PV	8		-17	4	77.00	30.10	ZO		4				V05, V10		0	0		241711
1847-12-06T21:00	2.67	-21.02	107	6.7	1014.3	23.9		PV	8		-17	4	75.00	29.95	ZOTO		4					H00	0	0		241712
1847-12-07T21:00	5.28	-21.68	118	2.6	1014.3	25.0		PV	8		-17	2	77.00	29.95	ZO		2						0	0		241713
1847-12-08T21:00	5.80	-21.62	362		1014.0	23.3		PV	8		-17		74.00	29.94	VARIABEL								0	0		241714
1847-12-09T21:00	6.48	-21.95	17	4.6	1012.6	24.4		PV	8		-17	3	76.00	29.90	NOTN		3				V05		0	0		241715
1847-12-10T22:00	8.00	-23.22	29	6.7	1012.6	25.0		PV	8		-16	4	77.00	29.90	NO		4				V01	H00	0	0		241716
1847-12-11T22:00	9.88	-24.78	18	6.7	1012.6	25.6		PV	8		-16	4	78.00	29.90	NOTN		4				V00	H00	0	0		241717
1847-12-12T22:00	11.83	-26.27	310	6.7	1012.6	25.6		PV	8		-16	4	78.00	29.90	NWTN		4				V10		0	0		241718
1847-12-13T22:00	13.12	-27.95	30	6.7	1009.2	25.6		PV	8		-15	4	78.00	29.80	NO		4				V01		0	0		241719
1847-12-14T22:00	16.00	-29.67	30	6.7	1009.2	25.6		PV	8		-15	4	78.00	29.80	NO		4				V01		0	0		241720
1847-12-15T22:00	18.02	-31.33	299	4.6	1016.0	24.4		PV	8		-16	3	76.00	30.00	NW		3		W20		V10		0	1		241721
1847-12-16T22:00	19.88	-32.40	29	12.3	1016.0	24.4		PV	8		-16	6	76.00	30.00	NO		6	W00					1	0		241722
1847-12-17T22:00	21.70	-33.38	42	6.7	1016.0	25.0		PV	8		-14	4	77.00	30.00	NOTO		4						0	0		241723
1847-12-18T22:00	23.75	-34.58	40	9.3	1022.8	24.4		PV	8		-16	5	76.00	30.20	NOTO		5				V10, V04		0	0		241724
1847-12-19T22:00	26.42	-35.52	40	6.7	1023.8	23.3		PV	8		-16	4	74.00	30.23	NOTO		4				V04		0	0		241725
1847-12-20T22:00	29.00	-36.15	26	6.7	1027.8	22.2		PV	8		-19	4	72.00	30.35	NO		4						0	0		241726
1847-12-21T22:00	31.03	-36.53	26	6.7	1026.1	21.7		PV	8		-19	4	71.00	30.30	NO		4						0	0		241727
1847-12-22T22:00	33.00	-36.40	80	2.6	1026.1	23.3		PV	8		-21	2	74.00	30.30	OTZ		2						0	0		241728
1847-12-23T22:00	34.20	-36.00	137	4.6	1027.2	21.1		PV	8		-21	3	70.00	30.33	ZZO		3						0	0		241729
1847-12-24T22:00	36.17	-35.53	159	6.7	1027.2	20.0		PV	8		-21	4	68.00	30.33	Z	S01	4				V01	H00	0	0		241730
1847-12-25T22:00	38.87	-35.18	178	9.3	1026.1	19.4		PV	8		-25	5	67.00	30.30	ZZW		5		W20		V13		0	1		241731
1847-12-26T22:00	40.65	-34.53	290	2.6	1026.1	21.1		PV	8		-25	2	70.00	30.30	NW		2						0	0		241732
1847-12-27T22:00	42.12	-30.57	200	9.3	1024.8	18.9		PV	8		-25	5	66.00	30.26	ZW		5					H00	0	0		241733
1847-12-28T22:00	44.38	-29.55	219	12.3	1021.1	18.9		PV	8		-29	6	66.00	30.15	WZW		6	W00					1	0		241734
1847-12-29T22:00	45.93	-26.60	287	15.4	1024.1	20.0		PV	8		-28	7	68.00	30.24	NW		7						0	0		241735
1847-12-30T22:00	46.57	-23.60	265	4.6	1023.4	17.8		PV	8		-28	3	64.00	30.22	WNW	S01	3						0	0		241736
1847-12-31T21:00	47.02	-19.95	243	15.4	1008.5	15.0		PV	8		-27	7	59.00	29.78	W		7			Z01			0	0		241737
1848-01-01T21:00	48.45	-17.25	174	2.6	1014.3	13.3		PV	8		-29	2	56.00	29.95	ZZW		2			Z01			0	0		241738
1848-01-02T21:00	48.60	-13.97	309	2.6	988.2	13.3		PV	8		-29	2	56.00	29.18	ZW-NNW		2				V13		0	0		241739
1848-01-03T21:00	49.20	-11.40	299	2.6	1013.3	14.4		PV	8		-27	2	58.00	29.92	NWTN		2				V04	H00	0	0		241740
1848-01-04T21:00	49.02	-10.05	176	9.3	1008.9	13.3		PV	8		-27	5	56.00	29.79	ZZW		5						0	0		241741
1848-01-05T20:00	49.72	-5.78	245	12.3	1004.8	14.4		PV	8		-25	6	58.00	29.67	W		6	W00					1	0		241742
1848-01-06T20:00	50.27	-2.48	327	6.7	1004.8	12.8	1	PV	8		-22	4	55.00	29.67	NTW		4				V00		0	0		241743
1848-01-07T20:00	50.38	0.00	147		995.7	13.9	1	PV	8		-22		57.00	29.40	ZTO						V05		0	0		241744
1848-01-08T20:00	52.87	3.78	69	12.3	1012.6	7.8	1	PV	8		-21	6	46.00	29.90	O		6				V00		0	0		241745
1848-01-09T20:00	52.13	4.10	36	22.6	1012.6	1.7	1	PV	8		-20	9	35.00	29.90	NOTO		9						0	0		241746
1848-01-10T20:00	52.20	3.73	48	15.4	1020.7	3.3	1	PV	8		-20	7	38.00	30.14	ONO		7						0	0		241747
1848-01-11T20:00	52.57	4.07	47	2.6	1028.9	2.8	1	PV	8		-21	2	37.00	30.38	ONO		2					H00	0	0		241748