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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Stad Utrecht cruise from Batavia to Amsterdam started at 1845-11-24 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752299, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -2.467632 * Median Longitude: 7.991491 * South-bound Latitude: -35.250000 * West-bound Longitude: -39.700000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.800000 * East-bound Longitude: 104.600000
Date/Time Start: 1845-11-24T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1846-03-20T00:00:00
Event(s):
Stad_Utrecht_18451124_O_REIS_7B_P12-50 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 52.900000 * Longitude End: 4.100000 * Date/Time Start: 1845-11-24T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1846-03-20T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Stad Utrecht, Voyage: Batavia - Amsterdam, 1st Observer: F.H.J. Taski (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
11 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
12 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
13 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
14 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
15 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
16 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
17 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
18 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
19 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
20 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
21 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
22 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
23 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
24 Cloud typeCloud type
25 ClearnessClearness
26 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
27 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
28 FogFog1 If fog was reported
29 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
30 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
31 HailHail1 If hail was reported
32 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
33 CommentComment
34 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2442 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
11 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
12 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
13 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
14 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
15 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
16 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
17 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
18 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
19 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
20 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
21 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
22 
Precip descr
23 
State sea descr
24 
Cloud type
25 
Clearness
26 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
27 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
28 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
29 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
30 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
31 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
32 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
33 
Comment
34 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1845-11-24T00:002251.0DWARS IN DE WEGZTWTOPPERSHOEDJEZOPV81ZW1V04, V100000000241425
1845-11-25T13:00-6.67104.601472.6PV812ZOTZ2V01, V100000000241426
1845-11-26T13:00-7.98103.1715812.31008.929.4PV80685.0029.79ZZO6V00, V010000000241427
1845-11-27T13:00-9.5099.6013512.31009.929.4PV80685.0029.82ZO6V00, V010000000241428
1845-11-28T14:00-10.7896.821349.31009.228.9PV8-1584.0029.80ZO5V000000000241429
1845-11-29T14:00-12.1293.3213412.31010.227.8PV8-1682.0029.83ZO6V00, V010000000241430
1845-11-30T14:00-13.6290.221329.31011.627.8PV8-3582.0029.87ZO5V00, V010000000241431
1845-12-01T14:00-14.9887.5212112.31011.626.7PV8-3680.0029.87ZOTO6V00, V010000000241432
1845-12-02T14:00-16.4285.1215512.31012.628.9PV8-3684.0029.90ZZO6V00, V010000000241433
1845-12-03T15:00-18.0782.1812912.31015.028.3PV8-6683.0029.97ZO6V010000000241434
1845-12-04T15:00-19.7279.2812912.31016.328.9PV8-6684.0030.01ZO6V000000000241435
1845-12-05T15:00-20.9776.83726.71016.028.9PV8-7484.0030.00OTN4V010000000241436
1845-12-06T15:00-21.8775.60832.61015.327.8PV8-7282.0029.98O2V000000000241437
1845-12-07T15:00-22.4874.45832.61017.327.8PV8-7282.0030.04O2V010000000241438
1845-12-08T15:00-23.6272.2712412.31014.625.6PV8-11678.0029.96ZO6V010000000241439
1845-12-09T15:00-24.5769.731136.71018.425.6PV8-11478.0030.07ZOTO4V01, V040000000241440
1845-12-10T15:00-25.1267.901246.71018.425.6PV8-11478.0030.07ZO4V00, V010000000241441
1845-12-11T16:00-25.6365.62444.61020.725.6PV8-12378.0030.14NOTO3V00, V010000000241442
1845-12-12T16:00-26.5363.0334812.31016.026.7PV8-12680.0030.00N6V04, V010000000241443
1845-12-13T16:00-27.3361.3515612.31019.724.4PV8-13676.0030.11ZTO6V040000000241444
1845-12-14T16:00-27.6257.778412.31020.723.9PV8-17675.0030.14OTZ6V040000000241445
1845-12-15T16:00-28.2854.486012.31020.723.3PV8-19674.0030.14OTN6V010000000241446
1845-12-16T17:00-28.8051.006912.31012.624.4PV8-21676.0029.90O6W20V05, V130100000241447
1845-12-17T17:00-29.1748.0014812.31013.624.4PV8-21676.0029.93ZTO6V01, V100000000241448
1845-12-18T17:00-29.2845.87796.71017.723.3PV8-22474.0030.05OTZ4V00, V010000000241449
1845-12-19T17:00-29.7343.47686.71019.024.4PV8-22476.0030.09O4V00, V010000000241450
1845-12-20T17:00-30.1741.90662.61019.425.0PV8-24277.0030.10O2V000000000241451
1845-12-21T17:00-30.7539.253596.71017.025.6PV8-24478.0030.03NNO4V00, V010000000241452
1845-12-22T18:00-31.4237.301092.61021.427.8PV8-26282.0030.16ZO2V04, V100000000241453
1845-12-23T18:00-31.9534.5713212.31016.026.7PV8-26680.0030.00ZZO6V04, V01, V100000000241454
1845-12-24T18:00-32.1731.65632.61013.324.4PV8-27276.0029.92O2V000000000241455
1845-12-25T18:00-32.7230.7518512.31014.625.6PV8-29678.0029.96ZWTZ6V000000000241456
1845-12-26T18:00-33.1331.003314.61017.725.6PV8-29378.0030.05N3V000000000241457
1845-12-27T18:00-33.9229.521512.61008.924.4PV8-29276.0029.79Z2V01, V00H010000000241458
1845-12-28T18:00-34.3328.932412.61011.923.9PV8-29275.0029.88W2V040000000241459
1845-12-29T18:00-34.7828.681742.61017.322.8PV8-29273.0030.04ZZW2V00, V010000000241460
1845-12-30T18:00-34.9526.933912.31011.922.2PV8-29672.0029.88ONO6V010000000241461
1845-12-31T18:00-35.0024.6821915.41007.223.9PV8-29775.0029.74WZW7V010000000a trivial correction was made in this observation241462
1846-01-01T18:00-35.1823.6721912.31017.022.2PV8-29672.0030.03WZW6V000000000241463
1846-01-02T19:00-35.0821.92612.61012.622.2PV8-29272.0029.90O2V000000000241464
1846-01-03T19:00-35.2520.231964.61017.323.3PV8-29374.0030.04ZW3V040000000241465
1846-01-04T19:00-35.1518.2012912.31017.320.0PV8-29668.0030.04ZZO6V000000000241466
1846-01-05T19:00-33.4516.332866.71010.921.1PV8-29470.0029.85NW4V000000000241467
1846-01-06T19:00-31.8314.4523112.31009.223.3PV8-28674.0029.80WTZ6V010000000241468
1846-01-07T19:00-30.8214.2519712.31005.123.3PV8-28674.0029.68ZW6V040000000241469
1846-01-08T19:00-29.5212.1716412.3PV8-276ZTW6V010000000241470
1846-01-09T19:00-28.3010.451876.71025.121.1PV8-27470.0030.27ZWTZ4V000000000241471
1846-01-10T19:00-26.788.581762.61018.723.3PV8-27274.0030.08ZZW2V00, V010000000241472
1846-01-11T20:00-25.636.951096.71020.722.8PV8-26473.0030.14ZO4V040000000241473
1846-01-12T20:00-24.534.981096.71021.122.2PV8-26472.0030.15ZO4V010000000241474
1846-01-13T20:00-23.382.671096.71021.122.8PV8-26473.0030.15ZO4V040000000241475
1846-01-14T20:00-21.950.5010012.31019.723.3PV8-24674.0030.11ZOTO6V040000000241476
1846-01-15T20:00-20.38-1.131004.61018.723.3PV8-24374.0030.08ZOTO3V040000000241477
1846-01-16T20:00-19.35-2.301222.61017.023.9PV8-24275.0030.03ZOTZ2V010000000241478
1846-01-17T20:00-18.20-3.531576.71016.023.3PV8-23474.0030.00Z4V00, V010000000241479
1846-01-18T20:00-16.82-4.981132.61017.723.9PV8-22275.0030.05ZO2V010000000241480
1846-01-19T20:00-15.88-6.10686.71017.725.0PV8-22477.0030.05O4V010000000241481
1846-01-20T20:00-14.77-7.081136.71018.023.3PV8-22474.0030.06ZO4V010000000241482
1846-01-21T21:00-13.35-8.55929.31018.023.3PV8-21574.0030.06OZO5V04, V100000000241483
1846-01-22T21:00-11.88-11.121036.71018.023.9PV8-21475.0030.06ZOTO4V010000000241484
1846-01-23T21:00-10.68-12.201146.71015.023.3PV8-21474.0029.97ZO4V04, V100000000241485
1846-01-24T21:00-9.18-14.53949.31014.626.1PV8-19579.0029.96OZO5V010000000241486
1846-01-25T21:00-7.73-15.421166.71016.026.1PV8-19479.0030.00ZO4V00, V010000000241487
1846-01-26T21:00-5.95-16.651276.71016.327.2PV8-19481.0030.01ZOTZ4V00, V010000000241488
1846-01-27T21:00-4.20-19.051186.71014.627.2PV8-17481.0029.96ZO4V000000000241489
1846-01-28T21:00-2.70-20.37966.71014.626.7PV8-17480.0029.96OZO4V010000000241490
1846-01-29T21:00-0.72-21.93736.71012.928.9PV8-17484.0029.91O4V040000000241491
1846-01-30T21:001.27-22.001184.61012.628.3PV8-17383.0029.90ZO3V010000000241492
1846-01-31T21:003.03-21.523624.61013.626.1PV8-17379.0029.93OMLOPEND3V100000000241493
1846-02-01T21:004.20-21.882532.61012.328.9PV8-17284.0029.89W2V01, V100000000241494
1846-02-02T21:004.55-21.481974.61012.328.9PV8-17384.0029.89ZWTZ3V00, V010000000241495
1846-02-03T21:005.03-21.93732.61014.330.0PV8-17286.0029.95O2V00, V010000000241496
1846-02-04T21:005.68-22.2364.61016.330.0PV8-17386.0030.01NNO3V000000000241497
1846-02-05T22:006.65-23.453454.61017.028.3PV8-15383.0030.03N3V01H010000000241498
1846-02-06T22:007.23-24.683564.61016.029.4PV8-15385.0030.00NTO3V010000000241499
1846-02-07T22:007.95-25.8374.61016.728.3PV8-16383.0030.02NNO3V01H010000000241500
1846-02-08T22:008.52-26.9074.61016.328.3PV8-16383.0030.01NNO3V010000000241501
1846-02-09T22:009.43-27.83204.61016.728.9PV8-14384.0030.02NOTN3V00, V010000000241502
1846-02-10T22:0010.95-29.10316.71014.627.8PV8-14482.0029.96NO4V00, V010000000241503
1846-02-11T22:0012.77-30.47304.61016.028.9PV8-15384.0030.00NO3V010000000241504
1846-02-12T22:0014.40-31.4586.71017.727.8PV8-15482.0030.05NNO4V00, V010000000241505
1846-02-13T22:0016.18-32.83339.31015.627.8PV8-12582.0029.99NO5V010000000241506
1846-02-14T22:0017.87-33.87206.71015.326.1PV8-14479.0029.98NOTN4V000000000241507
1846-02-15T22:0018.67-34.420.01019.426.1PV8-1479.0030.10STIL0000000241508
1846-02-16T22:0019.05-34.50762.61021.721.7PV8-14271.0030.17O2V04, V100000000241509
1846-02-17T22:0019.07-34.583622.61021.725.6PV8-14278.0030.17VARIABEL2V01, V100000000241510
1846-02-18T22:0019.03-35.7892.61019.426.7PV8-14280.0030.10NNO2V000000000241511
1846-02-19T22:0019.43-35.771662.61019.426.1PV8-14279.0030.10Z2V00, V010000000241512
1846-02-20T22:0020.13-36.671892.61019.427.8PV8-14282.0030.10ZZW2V000000000241513
1846-02-21T22:0020.47-35.330.01019.026.1PV8-1479.0030.09STIL0000000241514
1846-02-22T22:0020.77-35.7092.61021.726.7PV8-14280.0030.17NNO2V000000000241515
1846-02-23T22:0021.93-36.25312.61022.126.7PV8-14280.0030.18NO2V010000000241516
1846-02-24T22:0023.57-36.823552.61022.825.6PV8-16278.0030.20NTO2V040000000241517
1846-02-25T23:0023.20-37.6894.61025.525.0PV8-14377.0030.28NNO3V040000000241518
1846-02-26T23:0024.32-39.70426.71024.825.0PV8-14477.0030.26NOTOS014V00, V010000000241519
1846-02-27T23:0026.27-39.4212112.31024.824.4PV8-14676.0030.26ZO6V040000000241520
1846-02-28T23:0027.97-37.9321912.31025.522.8PV8-17673.0030.28ZWTW6V000000000241521
1846-03-01T22:0029.20-36.931844.61027.823.9PV8-19375.0030.35ZZW3V040000000241522
1846-03-02T22:0030.42-36.572066.71025.122.8PV8-19473.0030.27ZW4V00, V010000000241523
1846-03-03T22:0032.70-35.7721512.31019.422.8PV8-21673.0030.10ZWTWNW6Z00V010000000241524
1846-03-04T22:0035.27-34.7722712.31012.623.3PV8-21674.0029.90WZW6V04H020000000241525
1846-03-05T22:0038.33-34.3320012.31004.120.6PV8-25669.0029.65ZW6V050000000241526
1846-03-06T22:0040.87-33.8220012.3998.420.0PV8-25668.0029.48ZW6V100000000241527
1846-03-07T22:0042.82-33.7520712.31012.617.2PV8-29663.0029.90ZWTW6V04H020000000241528
1846-03-08T22:0044.40-31.6815212.31017.718.3PV8-28665.0030.05Z6V00, V010000000241529
1846-03-09T22:0046.02-28.4715215.41011.218.3PV8-28765.0029.86Z7V05, V100000000241530
1846-03-10T22:0047.28-25.07624.61022.117.2PV8-28363.0030.18O3V000000000241531
1846-03-11T22:0047.72-22.7314812.31027.816.7PV8-32662.0030.35Z6V010000000241532
1846-03-12T21:0048.67-18.681509.31031.616.7PV8-30562.0030.46Z5V04H010000000241533
1846-03-13T21:0048.77-15.081626.71034.614.4PV8-29458.0030.55ZTW4V04, V010000000241534
1846-03-14T21:0048.87-11.682666.71030.213.3PV8-27456.0030.42WNW4V04, V010000000241535
1846-03-15T20:0049.53-7.302684.61032.213.3PV8-25356.0030.48WNW3V04, V010000000241536
1846-03-16T20:0050.27-2.6820022.6992.313.31PV8-25956.0029.30ZW9H010000000241537
1846-03-17T20:0050.951.20672.6Z. VOORLANDNO 3/4 OHASTIGSW 1/4 Z1PV8-232O2W200100000241538
1846-03-18T00:00236.7Z. VOORLANDN 3/4 OKASTEEL VAN DOUVRESNTW1PV84NNO4V040000000241539
1846-03-19T20:0051.802.372026.71000.46.71PV8-23444.0029.54ZW4V010000000241540
1846-03-20T00:0010000000241541