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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Stad Utrecht cruise from Batavia to Amsterdam started at 1844-09-20 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752297, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 1.743654 * Median Longitude: 10.898365 * South-bound Latitude: -37.430000 * West-bound Longitude: -36.580000 * North-bound Latitude: 52.280000 * East-bound Longitude: 101.500000
Date/Time Start: 1844-09-20T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1845-01-02T20:00:00
Event(s):
Stad_Utrecht_18440920_O_REIS_7B_P12-50 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 52.900000 * Longitude End: 4.100000 * Date/Time Start: 1844-09-20T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1845-01-02T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Stad Utrecht, Voyage: Batavia - Amsterdam, 1st Observer: F.H.J. Taski (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
15 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
17 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
18 Present weatherwwWeather description
19 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
20 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
21 Cloud typeCloud type
22 ClearnessClearness
23 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
24 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
25 FogFog1 If fog was reported
26 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
27 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
28 HailHail1 If hail was reported
29 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
30 CommentComment
31 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2253 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
15 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
16 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
17 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
18 
ww
(Weather description)
19 
Precip descr
20 
State sea descr
21 
Cloud type
22 
Clearness
23 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
24 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
25 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
26 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
27 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
28 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
29 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
30 
Comment
31 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1844-09-20T13:00-8.58101.501359.31016.030.0PV80586.0030.00ZO5V04H010000000241208
1844-09-21T13:00-10.1098.631359.31014.628.9PV80584.0029.96ZO5V10, V040000000241209
1844-09-22T14:00-11.5295.351006.71014.027.8PV8-1482.0029.94OTZZ4Z01V040000000241210
1844-09-23T14:00-12.5394.3215612.31014.327.2PV8-2681.0029.95ZZO6V100000000241211
1844-09-24T14:00-13.2789.6311012.31014.328.3PV8-3683.0029.95OZO6W20V100100000241212
1844-09-25T14:00-14.7786.531329.31015.328.3PV8-3583.0029.98ZO5V10, V010000000241213
1844-09-26T14:00-16.4585.1713212.31032.928.3PV8-3683.0030.50ZO6W00Z01V041000000241214
1844-09-27T15:00-18.4080.5212912.31019.028.3PV8-6683.0030.09ZO6V040000000241215
1844-09-28T15:00-20.2377.451179.31022.426.7PV8-7580.0030.19ZOTO5V040000000241216
1844-09-29T15:00-21.4374.621626.71024.824.4PV8-7476.0030.26ZTO4V00, V040000000241217
1844-09-30T15:00-22.4271.821516.71022.823.3PV8-7474.0030.20ZZO4V040000000241218
1844-10-01T15:00-23.0069.201596.71024.824.4PV8-11476.0030.26ZTOS014V01, V100000000241219
1844-10-02T16:00-23.9765.8011212.31024.524.4PV8-12676.0030.25ZOTO6V04H010000000241220
1844-10-03T16:00-24.8263.08786.71025.122.8PV8-12473.0030.27O4V000000000241221
1844-10-04T16:00-25.5061.333622.61023.423.3PV8-13274.0030.22OMLOPEND2H010000000241222
1844-10-05T16:00-26.2860.852126.71025.123.9PV8-13475.0030.27ZW4H010000000241223
1844-10-06T16:00-26.2758.421902.61022.822.8PV8-13273.0030.20ZZW2V04H010000000241224
1844-10-07T16:00-26.1357.202102.61020.422.8PV8-15273.0030.13ZWS012V040000000241225
1844-10-08T16:00-26.2056.58644.61021.123.3PV8-15374.0030.15OTN3V040000000241226
1844-10-09T16:00-27.3555.3086.71020.422.8PV8-15473.0030.13NNO4V04H000000000241227
1844-10-10T16:00-27.2552.5225515.41014.025.0PV8-15777.0029.94W7W21Z01V05, V030100000241228
1844-10-11T17:00-28.3350.821822.61021.723.9PV8-21275.0030.17ZZW2V000000000241229
1844-10-12T17:00-28.4549.953509.31018.723.9PV8-21575.0030.08NTO5V04, V100000000241230
1844-10-13T17:00-28.9048.451376.71020.023.9PV8-21475.0030.12ZZO4V100000000241231
1844-10-14T17:00-29.5545.771579.31027.225.0PV8-23577.0030.33Z5H010000000241232
1844-10-15T17:00-30.1043.22336.71025.821.1PV8-23470.0030.29NOTO4V040000000241233
1844-10-16T17:00-30.7540.3034712.31018.723.9PV8-24675.0030.08NTO6V01H010000000241234
1844-10-17T18:00-31.3737.033459.31007.923.9PV8-26575.0029.76NTO5W20V050100000241235
1844-10-18T18:00-31.9834.432446.71006.524.4PV8-26476.0029.72NNO-WWZW4W10, W33Z01V100010100241236
1844-10-19T18:00-32.9534.472654.61007.521.7PV8-28371.0029.75WNW3W001000000241237
1844-10-20T18:00-32.4233.852672.61049.821.7PV8-26271.0031.00WNW2Z00V000000000241238
1844-10-21T18:00-32.5833.421414.61023.420.6PV8-28369.0030.22ZTOW3Z01V10, V04, V050000000241239
1844-10-22T18:00-33.1031.401296.71024.818.9PV8-29466.0030.26ZZOW4Z01V04H010000000241240
1844-10-23T18:00-34.2828.307212.31017.320.0PV8-29668.0030.04OTZ6W20V04, V130100000a trivial correction was made in this observation241241
1844-10-24T18:00-35.3225.682196.71012.622.2PV8-29472.0029.90WZW4V05, V04H010000000241242
1844-10-25T18:00-35.6023.272526.71012.623.9PV8-29475.0029.90WTN4V100000000241243
1844-10-26T18:00-37.4323.0027526.8998.019.4PV8-291067.0029.47NWTW10W00, W02W20, W26Z011100010a trivial correction was made in this observation241244
1844-10-27T19:00-36.8721.3224122.61012.618.3PV8-29965.0029.90W90000000241245
1844-10-28T19:00-35.9820.171966.71026.118.9PV8-29466.0030.30ZW4Z01V040000000241246
1844-10-29T19:00-35.2317.3714112.31021.719.4PV8-28667.0030.17ZTO6V00H010000000241247
1844-10-30T19:00-33.1513.9314112.31021.417.8PV8-28664.0030.16ZTO6Z01V040000000241248
1844-10-31T19:00-30.5310.7015315.41021.419.4PV8-27767.0030.16Z7V040000000241249
1844-11-01T19:00-28.387.671319.31020.718.3PV8-27565.0030.14ZZO5H010000000241250
1844-11-02T20:00-26.375.6514312.31019.419.4PV8-26667.0030.10ZTO6V05, V040000000241251
1844-11-03T20:00-24.673.051326.71021.420.0PV8-26468.0030.16ZZO4V050000000241252
1844-11-04T20:00-22.931.271004.61021.420.0PV8-24368.0030.16ZOTO3V100000000241253
1844-11-05T20:00-21.38-0.381004.61021.120.6PV8-24369.0030.15ZOTO3V04, V10H010000000241254
1844-11-06T20:00-20.15-1.651002.61020.721.7PV8-24271.0030.14ZOTO20000000241255
1844-11-07T20:00-18.88-2.67916.71022.121.7PV8-22471.0030.18OZO4V04H010000000241256
1844-11-08T20:00-16.72-3.981136.71021.121.1PV8-22470.0030.15ZO4V04, V050000000241257
1844-11-09T20:00-15.88-5.651366.71021.121.1PV8-22470.0030.15ZZO4V040000000241258
1844-11-10T21:00-14.35-7.621376.71019.721.7PV8-21471.0030.11ZZO4V040000000241259
1844-11-11T21:00-12.78-9.681256.71032.922.2PV8-21472.0030.50ZOTZ4V04, V050000000241260
1844-11-12T21:00-11.35-11.431266.71029.523.9PV8-20475.0030.40ZOTZ4V040000000241261
1844-11-13T21:00-9.82-13.231176.71032.923.9PV8-18475.0030.50ZO4V040000000241262
1844-11-14T21:00-8.23-15.251069.31012.625.0PV8-18577.0029.90ZOTO5V10, V010000000241263
1844-11-15T21:00-6.10-16.731059.31016.026.1PV8-19579.0030.00ZOTO5V040000000241264
1844-11-16T21:00-3.88-18.381086.71019.426.7PV8-16480.0030.10ZOTO4V04, V000000000241265
1844-11-17T21:00-1.78-19.931529.31016.026.7PV8-17580.0030.00ZTO5V04, V100000000241266
1844-11-18T21:001.65-21.021636.71014.626.7PV8-17480.0029.96Z4V05, V100000000241267
1844-11-19T21:002.70-22.031522.61012.628.3PV8-17283.0029.90ZTO2V04, V010000000241268
1844-11-20T22:004.13-22.981432.6984.528.3PV8-15283.0029.07ZZOS002V100000000241269
1844-11-21T22:005.97-23.771096.71012.628.3PV8-15483.0029.90ZOTO4W20V04, V100100000241270
1844-11-22T22:008.27-25.08409.31009.228.9PV8-16584.0029.80NOTO5V04, V100000000241271
1844-11-23T22:009.83-26.67186.71009.228.9PV8-16484.0029.80NOTN4V040000000241272
1844-11-24T22:0011.80-28.30434.61009.228.9PV8-13384.0029.80NOTOS013H010000000241273
1844-11-25T22:0013.77-29.62416.71010.928.3PV8-15483.0029.85NOTON4Z01H010000000241274
1844-11-26T22:0016.02-31.65416.71012.626.7PV8-15480.0029.90NOTO4V04, V010000000241275
1844-11-27T22:0018.28-32.70426.71016.026.7PV8-14480.0030.00NOTO4V10, V010000000241276
1844-11-28T22:0020.73-34.036512.31021.425.6PV8-14678.0030.16OTNN6Z01V04, V100000000241277
1844-11-29T22:0023.25-34.88976.71017.025.6PV8-16478.0030.03OZON4W20Z01V10, V040100000241278
1844-11-30T22:0025.58-35.58526.71019.425.0PV8-16477.0030.10ONO4V01H000000000241279
1844-12-01T22:0027.50-36.17834.61018.725.0PV8-18377.0030.08OTZ3W00W20V041100000241280
1844-12-02T22:0029.68-35.68956.71023.425.6PV8-18478.0030.22OZO4V04, V000000000241281
1844-12-03T22:0031.73-35.131852.61022.123.9PV8-18275.0030.18ZZW2V040000000241282
1844-12-04T22:0033.63-34.503622.61024.123.9PV8-21275.0030.24VARIABEL2W20V04, V05, V100100000241283
1844-12-05T22:0034.77-35.872415.41021.723.9PV8-21775.0030.17NO7V04, V100000000241284
1844-12-06T22:0035.97-36.581372.61020.021.1PV8-21270.0030.12ZZOS012V040000000241285
1844-12-07T22:0037.63-35.732115.41012.321.1PV8-24770.0029.89NO7Z01V040000000241286
1844-12-08T22:0037.58-35.68102.61026.118.9PV8-24266.0030.30NOTNS012V040000000241287
1844-12-09T22:0038.12-35.972246.71024.120.0PV8-24468.0030.24WZW4V04, V100000000241288
1844-12-10T22:0040.18-32.520.01024.520.0PV8-2468.0030.25STIL0000000241289
1844-12-11T22:0040.45-29.232239.31014.020.0PV8-25568.0029.94WZW5Z01V050000000241290
1844-12-12T22:0041.98-28.9729022.61003.118.3PV8-25965.0029.62NW9W021000000241291
1844-12-13T22:0041.72-26.8826822.6998.718.3PV8-25965.0029.49WNW9Z010000000241292
1844-12-14T22:0042.67-24.2029822.6965.220.0PV8-28968.0028.50NWTN9W00V101000000241293
1844-12-15T21:0044.13-21.353336.7980.817.8PV8-27464.0028.96N4W20V100100000241294
1844-12-16T21:0045.07-19.2734422.6982.114.4PV8-27958.0029.00NTO9W00W20Z01V10, V051100000241295
1844-12-17T21:0045.45-17.833334.6995.714.4PV8-27358.0029.40N3Z01V10, V010000000241296
1844-12-18T21:0046.50-15.5384.61000.415.0PV8-26359.0029.54NOTN3Z01V10, V04H010000000241297
1844-12-19T21:0046.73-13.18532.61007.215.6PV8-26260.0029.74OTN2V04, V10, V030000000241298
1844-12-20T21:0048.05-12.308612.31017.017.8PV8-27664.0030.03OZO6W20V01, V050100000241299
1844-12-21T21:0049.52-12.40862.61020.017.2PV8-27263.0030.12OZOS012V04, V01H010000000241300
1844-12-22T21:0049.47-11.9817612.31014.617.2PV8-27663.0029.96ZZW6V04, V10, V05H010000000241301
1844-12-23T21:0049.62-8.471646.71017.715.6PV8-27460.0030.05ZTW4W20V05H020100000241302
1844-12-24T20:0049.58-6.6714412.31017.713.9PV8-25657.0030.05ZTOZW6Z01V040000000241303
1844-12-25T20:0049.37-6.531332.6998.013.3PV8-25256.0029.47ZZO2V050000000241304
1844-12-26T20:0049.43-6.851334.61010.615.6PV8-25360.0029.84ZZO3W20V050100000241305
1844-12-27T20:0049.78-4.801446.71010.615.61PV8-25460.0029.84ZTOZ4Z01H02, H010000000241306
1844-12-28T20:0050.33-2.171686.71008.915.61PV8-23460.0029.79ZTW4W20V05, V130100000241307
1844-12-30T20:0051.602.17672.61022.816.11PV8-23261.0030.20O2V040000000241308
1844-12-31T20:0051.802.320.01019.414.41PV8-2358.0030.10STIL0000000241309
1845-01-01T20:0052.032.68484.61020.415.01PV8-20359.0030.13ONO3V04, V100000000241310
1845-01-02T20:0052.283.281716.71011.611.11PV8-20452.0029.87ZTW4V040000000241311