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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Stad Utrecht cruise from Padang to Amsterdam started at 1840-06-08 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752295, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -0.811727 * Median Longitude: 14.886619 * South-bound Latitude: -37.670000 * West-bound Longitude: -36.980000 * North-bound Latitude: 52.830000 * East-bound Longitude: 101.770000
Date/Time Start: 1840-06-08T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-10-26T20:00:00
Event(s):
Stad_Utrecht_18400608_O_REIS_7A_P32A-11 * Latitude Start: -1.090000 * Longitude Start: 100.210000 * Latitude End: 52.900000 * Longitude End: 4.100000 * Date/Time Start: 1840-06-08T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-10-26T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Stad Utrecht, Voyage: Padang - Amsterdam, 1st Observer: H. Rollfs (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
15 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
17 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
18 Present weatherwwWeather description
19 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
20 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
21 Cloud typeCloud type
22 ClearnessClearness
23 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
24 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
25 FogFog1 If fog was reported
26 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
27 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
28 HailHail1 If hail was reported
29 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
30 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2985 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
15 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
16 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
17 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
18 
ww
(Weather description)
19 
Precip descr
20 
State sea descr
21 
Cloud type
22 
Clearness
23 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
24 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
25 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
26 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
27 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
28 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
29 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
30 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1840-06-08T13:00-1.88100.383174.633.6PV82392.50NW3H000000000240964
1840-06-09T13:00-2.92101.173164.633.6PV81392.40NW3W20H000100000240965
1840-06-10T13:00-4.20101.772946.732.4PV81490.30WNW4Z010000000240966
1840-06-11T13:00-5.87101.101144.632.2PV81390.00OZO3H000000000240967
1840-06-12T13:00-6.98100.001146.732.0PV81489.60OZO4H000000000240968
1840-06-13T13:00-8.6297.9010112.331.7PV80689.00OTZ6H000000000240969
1840-06-14T14:00-10.2095.42679.331.7PV8-1589.00ONO5Z01V101000000240970
1840-06-15T14:00-11.6092.57786.729.1PV8-1484.30OTN4V05, V101000000240971
1840-06-16T14:00-12.5290.32884.61014.329.0PV8-2384.2029.95O3V04, V01H000000000240972
1840-06-17T14:00-13.2088.181224.61022.829.0PV8-2384.2030.20ZOTO3V01, V05H000000000240973
1840-06-18T14:00-14.1586.77204.61015.627.9PV8-3382.3029.99NNO3H000000000240974
1840-06-19T14:00-14.5385.551102.61014.329.0PV8-3284.2029.95OZO2H000000000240975
1840-06-20T14:00-15.0284.671552.61017.729.0PV8-3284.1430.05ZZO2V04, V01H000000000240976
1840-06-21T15:00-15.8782.021436.71016.026.7PV8-3480.1330.00ZOTZ4V00H000000000240977
1840-06-22T15:00-16.2880.101886.71019.425.7PV8-3478.2430.10ZTW4Z01H000000000240978
1840-06-23T15:00-16.7078.282002.61019.424.9PV8-3276.8030.10ZZWZ2Z000000000240979
1840-06-24T15:00-17.0877.131422.61020.724.3PV8-4275.7330.14ZOTZ2V05H000000000240980
1840-06-25T15:00-18.1574.781409.31041.024.3PV8-6575.7030.74ZOTZ5V01H000000000240981
1840-06-26T15:00-19.3771.901399.31024.524.8PV8-7576.6330.25ZOTZ5V00H000000000240982
1840-06-27T15:00-20.4868.951179.31021.124.3PV8-7575.7030.15ZOTO5H000000000240983
1840-06-28T16:00-21.9565.6812612.31023.124.3PV8-9675.7530.21ZO6H000000000240984
1840-06-29T16:00-23.4263.02894.61023.823.8PV8-12374.9030.23OTZ3H000000000240985
1840-06-30T16:00-23.9561.43326.71022.422.7PV8-13472.8630.19NO4V101000000240986
1840-07-01T16:00-24.7759.721006.71027.522.2PV8-13472.0030.34OZO4V10H000000000240987
1840-07-02T16:00-25.2556.75536.71027.522.2PV8-15472.0030.34ONO4W20Z010100000240988
1840-07-03T16:00-26.2755.101652.61016.322.2PV8-15271.9030.01Z2W20V050100000240989
1840-07-04T17:00-26.3252.0010712.31024.822.5PV8-17672.4130.26ZOTO6W20V030100000240990
1840-07-05T17:00-27.5549.021144.61023.821.9PV8-21371.4030.23ZO3H000000000240991
1840-07-06T17:00-28.0246.651804.61019.421.2PV8-23370.1430.10ZZW3V010000000240992
1840-07-07T17:00-28.3245.353154.61019.420.7PV8-23369.2430.10NNW3V000000000240993
1840-07-08T17:00-29.0743.8329215.41016.021.9PV8-23771.4230.00NW7V000000000240994
1840-07-09T17:00-30.3543.172582.61024.521.5PV8-23270.6230.25WTN2Z010000000240995
1840-07-10T17:00-30.7842.403132.61027.821.5PV8-25270.7430.35NNW2H000000000240996
1840-07-11T17:00-30.8841.173582.61031.222.2PV8-25272.0030.45NNO2H000000000240997
1840-07-12T17:00-31.2340.551552.61032.922.2PV8-25271.9830.50NNW-Z2V01H000000000240998
1840-07-13T17:00-31.7838.3833512.31024.520.9PV8-25669.7030.25N6W20H000100000240999
1840-07-14T18:00-32.7536.033319.3999.122.0PV8-29571.6029.50N5V04H010000000241000
1840-07-15T18:00-33.3334.433622.61022.820.8PV8-29269.4130.20VARIABEL2H000000000241001
1840-07-16T18:00-34.2332.233099.31002.421.2PV8-29570.1429.60NNW5V04H010000000241002
1840-07-17T18:00-35.0031.9024122.61012.624.7PV8-29976.5129.90W9Z010000000241003
1840-07-18T18:00-33.7230.622304.61026.123.8PV8-29374.9030.30WTZ30000000241004
1840-07-19T18:00-34.6230.202642.61027.820.9PV8-29269.6030.35WNW2H000000000241005
1840-07-20T18:00-34.3729.223541.01026.121.9PV8-29171.4030.30NNO1V01, V050000000241006
1840-07-21T18:00-35.3226.07841.01021.121.4PV8-29170.5430.15OZO1W42V05H010000100241007
1840-07-22T18:00-35.3024.982642.61016.020.6PV8-29269.0030.00WNW2V00H000000000241008
1840-07-23T18:00-35.1024.422866.71021.419.7PV8-29467.4030.16NW4W001000000241009
1840-07-24T18:00-34.7523.7824112.31016.018.6PV8-29665.4030.00W6W001000000241010
1840-07-25T18:00-35.4025.2328626.81019.417.8PV8-291064.0030.10NW10W00W20V051100000241011
1840-07-26T18:00-35.4525.4326412.31018.417.8PV8-29664.0030.07WNW6W00W20Z011100000241012
1840-07-27T18:00-35.0825.133092.61022.818.7PV8-29265.6130.20NNW2H000000000241013
1840-07-28T18:00-35.3524.7326422.61016.019.8PV8-29967.6130.00WNW9W20V100100000241014
1840-07-29T18:00-34.6824.38166.71016.019.8PV8-29467.6030.00NO4W30H000000100241015
1840-07-30T18:00-35.5022.9028612.31009.217.8PV8-29664.1029.80NW6W00W20Z011100000241016
1840-07-31T19:00-36.1321.952649.31027.817.3PV8-29563.1030.35WNW5V10, V030000000241017
1840-08-01T19:00-36.5721.003094.61022.817.2PV8-29363.0030.20NNW3Z000000000241018
1840-08-02T19:00-35.9321.2229726.81005.816.7PV8-291062.0029.70NWTN10W20Z02V050100000241019
1840-08-03T19:00-36.8322.0825226.8997.415.6PV8-291060.1429.45WTN10W00W26, W20V051100010241020
1840-08-04T19:00-37.1521.002862.61017.315.6PV8-29260.0030.04NW2H010000000241021
1840-08-05T19:00-37.6720.672642.61001.116.3PV8-29261.4029.56WNW2W00V131000000241022
1840-08-06T19:00-36.2219.6215112.31016.017.2PV8-29663.0030.00Z6V01H000000000241023
1840-08-07T19:00-35.3817.672752.61027.816.9PV8-29262.4030.35NWTW20000000241024
1840-08-08T19:00-35.5716.4732126.81012.616.1PV8-281061.0429.90NTW10W20Z020100000241025
1840-08-09T19:00-34.6215.302312.61026.116.3PV8-28261.3030.30WTZ2Z01V01H000000000241026
1840-08-10T19:00-33.5014.882532.61027.816.8PV8-28262.3130.35WTN2H000000000241027
1840-08-11T19:00-31.9213.632204.61022.817.0PV8-28362.6030.20WZW3H000000000241028
1840-08-12T19:00-30.3211.871429.31021.116.9PV8-27562.3430.15ZTO5H000000000241029
1840-08-13T19:00-28.509.301084.61024.816.9PV8-27362.4030.26ZO3H000000000241030
1840-08-14T19:00-27.238.403004.61020.717.3PV8-26363.1030.14NWTN3V00H000000000241031
1840-08-15T19:00-25.828.372222.61024.117.3PV8-26263.1030.24WZW2H000000000241032
1840-08-16T20:00-24.736.931336.71025.817.2PV8-25463.0030.29ZZO4V04H000000000241033
1840-08-17T20:00-23.075.251334.61024.817.2PV8-25363.0030.26ZZO3V050000000241034
1840-08-18T20:00-21.723.331556.71022.817.8PV8-25464.0030.20Z4V04H000000000241035
1840-08-19T20:00-20.331.751114.61021.119.6PV8-24367.3130.15ZO3V050000000241036
1840-08-20T20:00-19.530.673622.61022.119.7PV8-24267.4030.18VARIABEL20000000241037
1840-08-21T20:00-18.57-1.222014.61022.119.7PV8-24367.5130.18ZW3H000000000241038
1840-08-22T20:00-17.92-2.531242.61022.420.2PV8-22268.3030.19ZOTZ2W00W201100000241039
1840-08-23T20:00-16.57-4.13916.71021.121.1PV8-22470.0030.15OZO4V05H000000000241040
1840-08-26T20:00-14.18-7.40799.31021.421.7PV8-22571.0030.16OTZ5V04H000000000241041
1840-08-27T21:00-12.25-9.451046.71022.822.5PV8-20472.4130.20ZOTO4V04H000000000241042
1840-08-28T21:00-10.60-10.831386.71021.722.8PV8-20473.0430.17ZZO4V00H000000000241043
1840-08-29T21:00-8.95-12.621406.71021.423.3PV8-18474.0030.16ZZO4H000000000241044
1840-08-30T21:00-7.30-14.221176.71021.723.9PV8-18475.0130.17ZO4V00H000000000241045
1840-08-31T21:00-5.20-16.071069.31021.724.4PV8-18576.0030.17ZOTO5V01H000000000241046
1840-09-01T21:00-3.22-17.55976.71022.424.6PV8-16476.3030.19OZO4V04, V10H000000000241047
1840-09-02T21:00-1.42-20.02979.31022.825.1PV8-16577.2630.20OZO5H000000000241048
1840-09-03T21:000.83-21.32976.71022.425.5PV8-16477.9030.19OZO4H000000000241049
1840-09-04T21:003.00-22.371186.71022.126.1PV8-17479.0030.18ZO4H000000000241050
1840-09-05T22:004.92-23.071654.61022.126.1PV8-15379.0030.18Z3H000000000241051
1840-09-06T22:006.73-23.521546.71022.827.3PV8-15481.2030.20ZTO4V05, V13H000000000241052
1840-09-07T22:008.27-23.681434.61022.827.4PV8-15381.3430.20ZZO3V10, V05, V030000000241053
1840-09-08T22:009.55-23.933621.01020.725.9PV8-15178.6030.14VARIABEL1W20V050100000241054
1840-09-09T22:0010.50-23.932892.61039.727.2PV8-15281.0430.70NWTW2W00W20H001100000241055
1840-09-10T22:0011.12-23.933342.61032.927.8PV8-15282.0030.50NTW2H000000000241056
1840-09-11T22:0011.97-25.19539.31016.027.7PV8-15581.7830.00ONO5V05H000000000241057
1840-09-12T22:0014.10-26.45529.31019.426.7PV8-16580.1030.10ONO5V01, V05H000000000241058
1840-09-13T22:0016.30-28.47429.31019.427.3PV8-14581.1030.10NOTO5H000000000241059
1840-09-14T22:0018.63-30.40299.31020.726.7PV8-16580.0030.14NO5V050000000241060
1840-09-15T22:0021.33-32.20529.31021.726.5PV8-16579.7030.17ONO5H000000000241061
1840-09-16T22:0023.60-32.90646.71022.426.7PV8-16480.1330.19OTN4H000000000241062
1840-09-17T22:0025.57-33.12864.61021.426.1PV8-16379.0030.16OTZ3V05H000000000241063
1840-09-18T22:0027.75-33.171179.31022.826.5PV8-18579.6130.20ZO5V01H000000000241064
1840-09-19T22:0030.50-31.93944.61026.126.9PV8-19380.4130.30OZO3H000000000241065
1840-09-20T22:0032.20-32.33372.61029.926.9PV8-19280.3430.41NOTO2H000000000241066
1840-09-21T22:0033.23-33.63134.61029.526.7PV8-21380.1030.40NOTN3V00H000000000241067
1840-09-22T22:0034.07-35.1722.61028.926.3PV8-21279.3830.38NNO2V100000000241068
1840-09-23T22:0034.68-36.1822.61029.526.5PV8-21279.6130.40NNO2V100000000241069
1840-09-24T22:0035.28-36.37474.61024.525.6PV8-21378.0030.25ONO3V05H000000000241070
1840-09-25T22:0036.87-36.981146.71022.826.7PV8-21480.0030.20ZO4H000000000241071
1840-09-26T22:0038.60-35.582014.61025.125.8PV8-24378.4630.27ZW3H000000000241072
1840-09-27T22:0040.18-33.682019.31022.125.6PV8-24578.0030.18ZW5W30W200100100241073
1840-09-28T22:0041.65-31.272352.61039.725.3PV8-24277.4530.70WTZ2V05H000000000241074
1840-09-29T22:0042.08-29.98442.61021.424.8PV8-24276.6030.16ONO2V050000000241075
1840-09-30T22:0042.95-29.47402.61020.424.2PV8-28275.5130.13ONO2V04H000000000241076
1840-10-01T22:0042.67-27.82402.61022.123.0PV8-28273.4130.18ONO2V01, V000000000241077
1840-10-02T22:0043.40-26.601526.71016.021.7PV8-28471.0430.00Z4Z01V01, V040000000241078
1840-10-03T22:0044.78-24.451529.31013.320.1PV8-28568.1929.92ZO5Z01V050000000241079
1840-10-04T21:0046.48-21.151426.71014.321.0PV8-27469.8029.95ZTOO4W20Z01V050100000241080
1840-10-05T21:0047.58-19.1010526.81009.219.4PV8-301067.0029.80ZOO10W20Z01V130100000241081
1840-10-06T21:0047.95-18.0234122.61003.518.6PV8-30965.4129.63NTO9W20Z02V130100000241082
1840-10-07T21:0048.97-18.206019.01007.218.4PV8-30865.1429.74O8Z01V05, V010000000241083
1840-10-08T21:0048.25-17.676015.41019.418.0PV8-30764.3130.10O7V01, V040000000241084
1840-10-09T21:0048.63-17.92384.61020.716.7PV8-30362.1430.14ONO3V05H000000000241085
1840-10-10T21:0048.65-17.926012.31021.416.7PV8-30662.0030.16O60000000241086
1840-10-11T21:0049.35-16.681174.61022.816.6PV8-29361.8130.20ZOTZ3V01, V040000000241087
1840-10-12T21:0049.80-15.43844.61024.517.2PV8-29363.0030.25OZO3V040000000241088
1840-10-13T21:0048.72-15.23842.61028.517.8PV8-29264.0730.37OZO2V05H000000000241089
1840-10-14T21:0048.47-13.97504.61032.917.5PV8-29363.4230.50OTN30000000241090
1840-10-15T21:0048.12-13.00846.71023.816.3PV8-29461.4030.23OZO4V00H000000000241091
1840-10-16T21:0047.97-12.65162.61021.116.2PV8-29261.0730.15NO2H000000000241092
1840-10-17T21:0048.28-10.253566.71020.016.4PV8-27461.5030.12NNO4V05, V100000000241093
1840-10-18T21:0048.73-8.252889.31022.816.2PV8-27561.2130.20NW5V00, V100000000241094
1840-10-19T20:0049.70-3.4829026.81016.017.21PV8-251063.0030.00NW100000000241095
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