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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Stad Utrecht cruise from Amsterdam to Batavia started at 1839-12-06 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752293, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -5.208261 * Median Longitude: 12.405217 * South-bound Latitude: -40.680000 * West-bound Longitude: -30.050000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.050000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1839-12-06T20:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-03-30T13:00:00
Event(s):
Stad_Utrecht_18391206_O_REIS_7A_P32A-11 * Latitude Start: 52.900000 * Longitude Start: 4.100000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1839-12-06T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-03-30T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Stad Utrecht, Voyage: Amsterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: H. Rollfs (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
12 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
13 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
14 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
15 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
16 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
17 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
18 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
19 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
20 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
21 Present weatherwwWeather description
22 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
23 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
24 Cloud typeCloud type
25 ClearnessClearness
26 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
27 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
28 FogFog1 If fog was reported
29 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
30 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
31 HailHail1 If hail was reported
32 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
33 CommentComment
34 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2485 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
12 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
13 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
14 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
15 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
16 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
17 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
18 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
19 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
20 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
21 
ww
(Weather description)
22 
Precip descr
23 
State sea descr
24 
Cloud type
25 
Clearness
26 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
27 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
28 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
29 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
30 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
31 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
32 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
33 
Comment
34 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1839-12-06T20:0050.05-3.101559.31032.67.41PV8-25545.3030.49Z5V000000000240826
1839-12-07T21:0048.47-7.6215322.61016.08.0PV8-27946.4030.00Z9Z01V050000000a trivial correction was made in this observation240827
1839-12-08T21:0047.47-10.631219.31012.67.8PV8-25546.1029.90ZOTZ5W20V050100000240828
1839-12-09T21:0046.75-11.902114.61010.97.3PV8-25345.2029.85ZWTW3W00W20V051100000240829
1839-12-10T21:0045.78-12.5024522.61003.89.3PV8-25948.7029.64W9W00W26, W201100010240830
1839-12-11T21:0045.65-12.5025615.4995.710.1PV8-25750.1029.40WTN7W00W26, W201100010240831
1839-12-12T21:0045.12-12.382569.31036.310.0PV8-25550.0030.60WTN50000000240832
1839-12-13T21:0045.17-12.1226819.01006.510.0PV8-25850.0029.72WNW8V040000000240833
1839-12-14T21:0044.53-11.92204.61007.910.2PV8-25350.4029.76NO3W20V13, V050100000240834
1839-12-15T21:0044.10-13.8831226.8997.410.5PV8-261050.9029.45ZWTW-NNW10W20Z01V13, V050100000240835
1839-12-16T21:0042.75-15.6316515.41014.310.0PV8-26750.0029.95ZTW7Z010000000240836
1839-12-17T21:0043.03-17.0024426.8992.310.2PV8-261050.4029.30W10W00W20Z011100000240837
1839-12-18T21:0041.33-16.0824612.31010.910.0PV8-24650.0029.85W6W20V050100000240838
1839-12-19T21:0039.70-15.0222426.81012.39.3PV8-241048.7029.89WZW10W00W20V001100000240839
1839-12-20T21:0038.87-14.952579.31032.98.1PV8-24546.5030.50WTN5V000000000240840
1839-12-21T21:0038.12-15.5717919.01022.811.3PV8-24852.4030.20ZZW8W20V050100000240841
1839-12-22T21:0038.50-17.3020119.01021.111.7PV8-24853.0030.15ZW8Z010000000240842
1839-12-23T21:0039.03-17.9022422.61002.415.2PV8-24959.4029.60WZW9W00, W30W20Z011100100240843
1839-12-24T21:0038.25-16.802246.71009.215.3PV8-24459.6029.80WZW40000000240844
1839-12-25T21:0037.02-15.971816.71026.118.3PV8-22465.0030.30ZZWN4Z04V000000000240845
1839-12-26T21:0036.67-16.6720319.01019.418.3PV8-22865.0030.10ZW8W00W21Z011100000240846
1839-12-27T21:0037.03-16.9320319.01017.718.3PV8-22864.9030.05ZW8Z01V030000000240847
1839-12-28T21:0037.10-17.981814.61016.018.1PV8-22364.6030.00ZZW30000000240848
1839-12-29T21:0036.70-19.431366.71016.018.8PV8-22465.9030.00ZZO4W30Z01V050000100240849
1839-12-30T21:0035.88-21.2315822.61009.218.6PV8-22965.4029.80Z9Z010000000240850
1839-12-31T21:0035.52-22.272826.71012.618.7PV8-22465.7029.90NWTW4W30W20Z01V05, V101100100240851
1840-01-01T21:0033.30-22.102592.61021.118.3PV8-22265.0030.15WTN2H000000000240852
1840-01-02T21:0032.77-21.451924.61027.818.4PV8-22365.2030.35ZWTZ3V101000000240853
1840-01-03T21:0030.73-20.532729.31032.918.3PV8-21565.0030.50WNW5H000000000240854
1840-01-04T21:0028.03-20.584712.31032.919.1PV8-21666.4030.50ONO6V040000000240855
1840-01-05T21:0025.27-21.23254.61032.219.1PV8-20366.4030.48NO3H000000000240856
1840-01-06T13:0023.43-21.60484.61029.519.2VM8-20366.6030.40ONO3V040000000240857
1840-01-07T22:0020.97-22.889612.31030.520.6PV8-17669.0030.43OZO6H000000000240858
1840-01-08T22:0018.33-24.75969.31025.821.1ST ANTHONY (5H)ZTW6PV8-17570.0030.29OZO50000000240859
1840-01-09T22:0015.68-25.735212.31022.121.4BRAVA? (5H)OZOPV8-16670.5030.18ONO60000000240860
1840-01-10T22:0012.48-24.605312.31022.821.4PV8-15670.5030.20ONO60000000240861
1840-01-11T22:009.25-23.485312.31020.721.8PV8-15671.3030.14ONO6V05H000000000240862
1840-01-12T21:006.58-22.28284.61021.723.6PV8-17374.4030.17NO30000000240863
1840-01-13T21:004.65-21.58282.61019.024.2PV8-17275.6030.09NO2V050000000240864
1840-01-14T21:004.32-21.273621.01019.024.2PV8-17175.6030.09VARIEREND1W00W201100000240865
1840-01-15T21:003.75-21.733621.01016.025.3PV8-17177.6030.00VARIEREND1V050000000240866
1840-01-16T21:003.45-21.722312.61016.026.1PV8-17278.9030.00WZW2V00H000000000240867
1840-01-17T21:002.87-21.381412.61012.325.3PV8-17277.5029.89ZZO2W200100000240868
1840-01-18T21:003.13-20.871072.61011.625.5PV8-17277.9029.87ZOTO2W00W201100000240869
1840-01-19T21:002.67-20.653622.61011.225.6PV8-17278.0029.86VARIABEL2W20V101100000240870
1840-01-20T21:002.15-21.531642.61010.926.3PV8-16279.4029.85Z2V00H000000000240871
1840-01-21T22:001.38-23.153622.61012.626.7PV8-14280.0029.90VARIABEL2W20V130100000240872
1840-01-22T22:000.13-23.421324.61011.226.7PV8-14380.1029.86ZOTZ3V05H000000000240873
1840-01-23T22:00-1.00-24.821212.61009.226.9PV8-14280.4029.80ZO2V01H000000000240874
1840-01-24T22:00-2.82-26.281222.61009.227.2PV8-13281.0029.80ZO20000000240875
1840-01-25T22:00-4.92-27.501146.71012.628.0PV8-10482.4029.90ZOTO4V05, V01H000000000240876
1840-01-26T22:00-7.40-28.181254.61012.328.0PV8-10382.4029.89ZO3V05H000000000240877
1840-01-27T22:00-9.65-29.601146.71016.027.8PV8-10482.0030.00ZOTO4V01H000000000240878
1840-01-28T22:00-12.18-30.051146.71019.428.4PV8-10483.1030.10ZOTO4W00W20V05, V00H001100000240879
1840-01-29T22:00-15.03-30.001049.31019.028.6PV8-9583.4030.09OZO5V04H000000000240880
1840-01-30T22:00-17.85-29.73936.71016.028.6PV8-8483.5030.00OTZ4H000000000240881
1840-01-31T22:00-21.18-29.332612.31026.128.7PV8-8683.7030.30NOTN6H000000000240882
1840-02-01T22:00-24.25-27.58384.61025.828.9PV8-7384.0030.29NO3H000000000240883
1840-02-02T22:00-26.22-26.223515.41025.528.7PV8-10783.7030.28NO7H000000000240884
1840-02-03T22:00-28.40-24.32362.61026.828.8PV8-9283.8030.32NO20000000240885
1840-02-04T22:00-29.18-23.980.01027.828.8PV8-983.9030.35STILW20V050100000240886
1840-02-05T22:00-30.18-24.721262.61027.828.8PV8-9283.9030.35ZO2H000000000240887
1840-02-06T22:00-30.55-24.451266.71018.027.2PV8-9481.0030.06ZO4H000000000240888
1840-02-07T22:00-32.30-25.321044.61028.227.9PV8-9382.3030.36OZO3H000000000240889
1840-02-08T22:00-34.07-24.82616.71026.126.7PV8-7480.0030.30ONO4V00H000000000240890
1840-02-09T22:00-35.30-24.123621.01027.525.8PV8-778.4030.34VARIABELVARIABELH000000000240891
1840-02-10T22:00-35.18-23.671062.61027.826.1PV8-7278.9030.35OZO2V04H000000000240892
1840-02-11T21:00-36.30-21.581212.31028.226.1PV8-11678.9030.36NNO6V00H000000000240893
1840-02-12T21:00-37.02-18.1536015.41027.525.6PV8-11778.0030.34NTO7V00, V010000000240894
1840-02-13T21:00-37.75-12.8835919.01026.125.3PV8-12877.6030.30NTO8V00H000000000240895
1840-02-14T21:00-38.27-7.732779.31017.721.3PV8-16570.3030.05WNW5V010000000240896
1840-02-15T20:00-39.07-3.772746.71020.424.1PV8-19475.4030.13WNWW4Z01V00H000000000240897
1840-02-16T20:00-39.451.2522715.41004.824.3PV8-21775.7029.67WZW7V050000000a trivial correction was made in this observation240898
1840-02-17T20:00-38.806.6321219.01020.015.8PV8-24860.4030.12ZWTW8W00W201100000240899
1840-02-18T19:00-39.0010.9218819.01023.810.3PV8-26850.5030.23ZWTZ8V100000000240900
1840-02-19T19:00-38.9515.002424.61029.513.5PV8-28356.3030.40W3H000000000240901
1840-02-20T19:00-38.9817.123102.61029.213.7PV8-28256.6030.39NNW2V00H000000000240902
1840-02-21T19:00-39.6319.233202.61030.513.8PV8-29256.9030.43NTWS012V000000000240903
1840-02-22T19:00-40.3720.13842.61029.521.1PV8-29270.0030.40OZO20000000240904
1840-02-23T19:00-40.6221.9559.31030.519.1PV8-29566.4030.43NOTN5V00H000000000240905
1840-02-24T18:00-40.6325.60PV8-30W100010000240906
1840-02-25T18:00-40.6827.3734122.6PV8-309NTO9V050000000240907
1840-02-26T18:00-40.2032.422059.31017.314.7PV8-31558.5030.04ZWTW5V050000000a trivial correction was made in this observation240908
1840-02-27T18:00-39.6336.171492.61027.515.7PV8-31260.2030.34Z2V05, V130000000240909
1840-02-28T17:00-39.8340.023089.31018.012.4PV8-30554.3030.06NNW5W30H000000100240910
1840-02-29T17:00-39.7242.7235412.31021.115.6PV8-29660.0030.15NNO6W11W20V050110000240911
1840-03-01T17:00-39.7547.7335512.31026.818.6PV8-28665.4030.32NNO6W10, W300010100240912
1840-03-02T16:00-39.8752.6832215.41029.521.1PV8-27770.0030.40NTW7W00W20H001100000240913
1840-03-03T16:00-39.5055.173622.61034.321.2PV8-27270.1030.54VARIABEL2V05H000000000240914
1840-03-04T16:00-39.9058.503574.61032.921.2PV8-26370.2030.50NNO3V00, V040000000240915
1840-03-05T16:00-39.7862.583589.31031.221.2PV8-25570.2030.45NNO50000000240916
1840-03-06T16:00-39.5366.9534619.01029.521.9PV8-25871.4030.40NTO8H000000000240917
1840-03-07T15:00-39.5772.7233822.61026.820.4PV8-23968.7030.32N9H000000000240918
1840-03-08T15:00-38.7577.8233915.41026.820.7PV8-21769.3030.32N7V00H000000000240919
1840-03-09T15:00-37.7382.4831712.31028.921.2PV8-21670.1030.38NNW6H000000000240920
1840-03-10T14:00-36.3085.653622.61033.320.8PV8-15269.4030.51VARIABEL2V000000000240921
1840-03-11T14:00-36.5385.92199.31034.921.1PV8-15569.9030.56NOTN5V04H000000000240922
1840-03-12T14:00-36.2589.353576.71031.220.4PV8-14468.7030.45NTO4V010000000240923
1840-03-13T14:00-36.0291.2092.61034.321.2PV8-14270.1030.54NNO20000000240924
1840-03-14T14:00-35.8893.683589.31029.521.3PV8-13570.3030.40NTO5V00, V01H000000000240925
1840-03-15T14:00-34.1896.7530212.31020.721.2PV8-13670.1030.14NW6V100000000240926
1840-03-16T13:00-31.9098.231954.61024.119.1PV8-8366.3030.24ZZW3V00H000000000240927
1840-03-17T13:00-29.9799.18829.31030.521.2PV8-8570.1030.43O5Z01H000000000240928
1840-03-18T13:00-27.4899.30849.31026.821.3PV8-6570.3030.32O5H000000000240929
1840-03-19T13:00-25.4299.77846.71024.121.3PV8-6470.3030.24O4V04H000000000240930
1840-03-20T13:00-22.50100.401096.71023.821.4PV8-4470.5030.23OZO4Z01V040000000240931
1840-03-21T13:00-21.15101.721096.71022.821.4PV8-4470.6030.20OZO4Z01H010000000240932
1840-03-22T13:00-18.97102.15866.71023.824.1PV8-4475.4030.23O4Z01V040000000240933
1840-03-23T13:00-17.08102.75886.71021.425.2PV8-2477.4030.16O4H000000000240934
1840-03-24T13:00-14.73103.63999.31019.026.4PV8-2579.6030.09OTZ5W30H000000100240935
1840-03-25T13:00-12.10104.40906.71024.826.9PV80480.4030.26O4W30H000000100240936
1840-03-26T13:00-9.75104.671016.71025.127.9PV80482.3030.27OTZ4H000000000240937
1840-03-27T13:00-7.13104.85914.61024.827.1PV81380.8030.26O3H000000000240938
1840-03-28T13:00-6.48105.573622.61024.829.3PV81284.7030.26VARIABEL2H000000000240939
1840-03-29T00:00-6.550.01029.529.4PV885.0030.40STIL0000000240940
1840-03-30T13:00-6.10106.863622.61027.530.21PV81286.4030.34VARIABEL2V04H000000000240941