García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during SPHYNX cruise from False Bay to St. Helena started at 1795-10-14 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752176, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -27.285833 * Median Longitude: -3.200000 * South-bound Latitude: -35.120000 * West-bound Longitude: -17.950000 * North-bound Latitude: -15.970000 * East-bound Longitude: 16.030000
Date/Time Start: 1795-10-14T11:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1795-11-22T13:00:00
Event(s):
Sphynx_17951014_NMM_ADM/L/S358 * Latitude Start: -33.750000 * Longitude Start: 16.030000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1795-10-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1795-11-22T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Sphynx (6th Rate Frigate), Voyage: False Bay - St Helena, 1st Observer: George Brisac (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 20G 429BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 14 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 17 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 18 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 19 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 20 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 21 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 22 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 23 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 24 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
575 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...) | 14 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 15 Precip descr | 16 Clearness | 17 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 18 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 19 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 20 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 21 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 22 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 23 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 24 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1795-10-14T11:00 | -33.75 | 16.03 | 212 | 6.7 | S83W | 25.00 | -24 | W, VARIABLE, SWBW | PM LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM, AM SQUALLY, AT NOON MODERATE | AM RAIN | AT NOON CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239024 | ||||
| 1795-10-15T11:00 | -32.88 | 15.70 | 362 | 19.0 | N48W | 79.00 | -24 | WBS, VARIABLE | PM SQUALLY, AM FRESH GALES | PM RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239025 | |||||
| 1795-10-16T11:00 | -31.42 | 13.62 | 201 | 6.7 | N50W | 138.00 | -24 | SEBS, SW | PM FRESH BREEZES, AT NOON MODERATE | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239026 | |||||
| 1795-10-17T11:00 | -29.17 | 11.28 | 136 | 9.3 | N42:11W | 179.00 | -22 | SE, SSE | PM MODERATE BREEZES, AT NOON FRESH BREEZES | PM CLOUDY, AT NOON CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239027 | |||||
| 1795-10-18T11:00 | -26.83 | 8.88 | 1 | 6.7 | N42W | 187.00 | -22 | NNE | PM MODERATE BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZES | AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239028 | |||||
| 1795-10-19T12:00 | -24.40 | 6.85 | 138 | 6.7 | N37W | 183.00 | -20 | SSE | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZES | PM CLEAR, AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239029 | |||||
| 1795-10-20T12:00 | -22.57 | 4.55 | 115 | N49W | 167.00 | -20 | SE | PM MODERATE BREEZES | PM HAZY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239030 | ||||||
| 1795-10-21T12:00 | -20.98 | 2.37 | 5 | 6.7 | N52W | 153.00 | -18 | NE, NEBE, NNE | PM MODERATE BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZES | PM HAZY, AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239031 | |||||
| 1795-10-22T12:00 | -19.18 | 0.55 | 117 | N43W | 148.00 | -18 | SE | PM MODERATE BREEZES | PM CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239032 | ||||||
| 1795-10-23T12:00 | -17.33 | -1.03 | 94 | ST HELENA | N73W | 93 | N39W | 143.00 | -19 | ESE | PM MODERATE BREEZES, AM VARIABLE | PM FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239033 | |||
| 1795-10-24T12:00 | -16.12 | -2.22 | 116 | 1.0 | N43W | 101.00 | -19 | SE | PM MODERATE, AT 8 LIGHT BREEZES, AM LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM | PM CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239034 | |||||
| 1795-10-25T12:00 | -15.97 | -3.07 | 118 | ST HELENA | W | 55 | N80W | 53.00 | -17 | SSE, SE | PM LIGHT BREEZES | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239035 | |||
| 1795-10-26T12:00 | -15.97 | -3.07 | 73 | 0.0 | W | 49.00 | -17 | VARIABLE, E | PM LIGHT BREEZES, AM CALM | PM FAIR WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239036 | |||||
| 1795-10-31T12:00 | -16.90 | -6.28 | 118 | SW | 50.00 | -17 | SEBE, SE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239037 | ||||||||
| 1795-11-01T12:00 | -18.75 | -6.73 | 362 | 6.7 | SBW | 115.00 | -16 | VARIABLE | PM LIGHT BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZES | PM HAZY WEATHER, AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239038 | |||||
| 1795-11-02T12:00 | -20.62 | -6.73 | 362 | S | 112.00 | -16 | SE, ESE, VARIABLE | PM MODERATE BREEZES | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239039 | ||||||
| 1795-11-03T12:00 | -22.10 | -6.73 | 85 | 9.3 | S | 89.00 | -16 | VARIABLE, ESE, E, EBS | PM LIGHT AIRS, AM FRESH BREEZES | AM RAIN | PM CLEAR WEATHER, AM CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239040 | ||||
| 1795-11-04T12:00 | -22.80 | -6.23 | 53 | 0.0 | S33:45E | 51.00 | -15 | ENE | PM LIGHT AIRS, AM LIGHT AIRS, AT 4 CALM | PM CLEAR WEATHER, AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239041 | |||||
| 1795-11-05T12:00 | -23.40 | -5.78 | 362 | 1.0 | S33E | 43.00 | -15 | VARIABLE | PM LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239042 | ||||||
| 1795-11-06T12:00 | -24.03 | -6.00 | 120 | 9.3 | S17W | 40.00 | -15 | SE | PM LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM, AT NOON FRESH BREEZES | AT NOON HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239043 | |||||
| 1795-11-07T12:00 | -26.33 | -6.00 | 165 | 1.0 | S | 138.00 | -15 | E, S | AM LIGHT AIRS, AT MIDNIGHT FRESH BREEZES | AM CLOUDY WEATHER, AT MIDNIGHT CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239044 | |||||
| 1795-11-08T12:00 | -28.43 | -4.25 | 76 | 6.7 | S36:35E | 157.00 | -14 | ENE, E | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZES | PM CLEAR, AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239045 | |||||
| 1795-11-09T12:00 | -30.12 | -1.75 | 107 | 6.7 | S52E | 165.00 | -17 | NE, SEBE | PM FRESH BREEZES, AT 2AM MODERATE BREEZES | PM CLEAR, AT 2AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239046 | |||||
| 1795-11-10T12:00 | -31.33 | -0.82 | 6 | 6.7 | S61E | 150.00 | -17 | NW, NNE | PM FRESH BREEZES, AT NOON MODERATE BREEZES | AT 10AM RAIN, AT NOON RAIN | PM CLEAR, AT 10AM CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239047 | ||||
| 1795-11-11T12:00 | -32.33 | -3.05 | 312 | S62E | 132.00 | -14 | NWBN | PM MODERATE BREEZES | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239048 | ||||||
| 1795-11-12T12:00 | -33.35 | -5.45 | 10 | 1.0 | S63E | 135.00 | -13 | NNW, NNE | FIRST PART MODERATE BREEZES, LATTER LIGHT AIRS | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239049 | |||||
| 1795-11-13T12:00 | -33.58 | -6.38 | 325 | 0.0 | S74E | 50.00 | -13 | NNW | FIRST PART MODERATE BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239050 | ||||||
| 1795-11-14T12:00 | -34.73 | -7.17 | 362 | S29E | 79.00 | -13 | VARIABLE | PM CALM, AM SQUALLY | AM RAIN | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239051 | |||||
| 1795-11-15T13:00 | -35.12 | -8.30 | 58 | 2.6 | S68E | 61.00 | -10 | NNW, ENE | PM FRESH BREEZES, THE REST OF THESE 24 HOURS LIGHT BREEZES | PM CLEAR WEATHER, THE REST OF THESE 24 HOURS CLOUD | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239052 | |||||
| 1795-11-16T13:00 | -34.63 | -10.72 | 328 | N76:30E | 124.00 | -10 | NNW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PART MODERATE BREEZES, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER RAIN | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239053 | |||||
| 1795-11-17T13:00 | -34.22 | -12.72 | 128 | 6.7 | S78E | 122.00 | -7 | SE | MODERATE BREEZES | FIRST AND MIDDLE FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239054 | |||||
| 1795-11-18T13:00 | -34.42 | -13.32 | 128 | 6.7 | S61E | 27.00 | -7 | VARIABLE, SE | MODERATE BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239055 | |||||
| 1795-11-19T13:00 | -34.55 | -13.85 | 362 | 0.0 | S76E | 28.00 | -7 | VARIABLE | NEBE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM, LATTER CALM | LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239056 | ||||
| 1795-11-20T13:00 | -34.28 | -13.85 | 362 | 6.7 | N | 16.00 | -7 | VARIABLE, VARIABLE | FIRST AND MIDDLE LIGHT AIRS, AM LIGHT AIRS, AT NOON MODERATE BREEZES | AM CLOUDY, AT NOON CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239057 | |||||
| 1795-11-21T13:00 | -34.78 | -15.58 | 252 | 1.0 | S71E | 92.00 | -7 | WBS | PM MODERATE, AM LIGHT AIRS | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239058 | |||||
| 1795-11-22T13:00 | -34.92 | -17.95 | 221 | 1.0 | S86E | 119.00 | -4 | SSW, SW | PM MODERATE, AT NOON LIGHT AIRS | PM CLOUDY, AT NOON HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 239059 |