Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -10.318018 * Median Longitude: 13.906757 * South-bound Latitude: -41.620000 * West-bound Longitude: -29.000000 * North-bound Latitude: 48.720000 * East-bound Longitude: 104.570000

Date/Time Start: 1846-01-12T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1846-05-03T05:00:00

Event(s):

Soolo_18460112_G_REIS_56_P104-132 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1846-01-12T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1846-05-03T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Soolo, Voyage: Rotterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: T.B. Teunissen (Kapitein)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Pressure, atmospheric	PPPP	hPa	No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7	Temperature, air	TTT	°C
8	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
9	Watch	Watch		Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10	Glasses	Glasses		Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
12	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
13	Comment	Comment		Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
14	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
15	Wind scale reference	Wind scale ref	#	Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
16	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the (outside) air thermometer
17	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the air pressure
18	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
19	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
20	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
21	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
22	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
23	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
24	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
26	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27	Comment	Comment
28	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

2369 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...)	7 TTT [°C]	8 - (1 If position is considered t...)	9 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...)	10 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...)	11 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	12 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	13 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...)	14 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	15 Wind scale ref [#] (Name of, or reference to the ...)	16 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...)	17 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure)	18 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	19 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	27 Comment	28 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1846-01-12T00:00	49.18		146	12.3	988.9	11.7	1	VM	8					6	53.00	29.20	ZOTZ	6		238018
1846-01-13T13:00	48.72	-8.65	142	0.0	985.5	12.2		VM	8	WTZ 2/3 Z	21.75		-27	0	54.00	29.10	ZTO	0		238019
1846-01-14T13:00	46.88	-10.00	314	12.3	999.1	12.2		VM	8	ZWTZ	34.00		-24	6	54.00	29.50	NNW	6		238020
1846-01-15T13:00	46.33	-12.18	134	2.6	995.7	12.2		VM	8	WZW 1/2 W	24.50		-24	2	54.00	29.40	ZZO	2		238021
1846-01-16T13:00	45.32	-12.03	235	30.9	997.4	12.2		VM	8	ZTO 1/2 O	15.50		-24	11	54.00	29.45	WTZ	11		238022
1846-01-17T13:00	45.07	-12.73	165	30.9	995.7	13.3		VM	8	ZWTW 3/4 W	8.50		-26	11	56.00	29.40	ZTW	11		238023
1846-01-18T13:00	44.97	-13.07	188	30.9	988.9	13.3		VM	8	WTN	7.75		-26	11	56.00	29.20	ZWTZ	11		238024
1846-01-19T13:00	43.22	-12.80	210	26.8	1000.7	13.3		VM	8	Z 2/3 O	26.50		-26	10	56.00	29.55	ZWTW	10		238025
1846-01-20T13:00	43.73	-13.20	177	30.9	997.4	13.3		VM	8	NNW 2/3 W	8.75		-26	11	56.00	29.45	ZZW	11		238026
1846-01-21T13:00	43.57	-12.58	199	30.9	995.7	14.4		VM	8	OZO 1/8 O	7.25		-26	11	58.00	29.40	ZW	11		238027
1846-01-22T13:00	44.08	-13.33	188	30.9	999.1	14.4		VM	8	NW 2/3 N	10.75		-26	11	58.00	29.50	ZWTZ	11		238028
1846-01-23T13:00	42.63	-12.00	201	22.6	1007.5	14.4		VM	8	ZO 3/4 Z	27.50		-24	9	58.00	29.75	ZW	9		238029
1846-01-24T13:00	42.78	-12.80	177	30.9	1009.2	14.4		VM	8	WNW 2/3 W	9.25		-26	11	58.00	29.80	ZZW	11		238030
1846-01-25T13:00	41.15	-11.50	202	26.8	1016.0	14.4		VM	8		30.00		-23	10	58.00	30.00	ZW	10		238031
1846-01-26T13:00	39.38	-11.05	219	9.3	1019.4	15.6		VM	8	ZTO	27.00		-23	5	60.00	30.10	WZW 1/2 Z	5		238032
1846-01-27T13:00	38.20	-11.72	196	12.3	1019.4	15.6		VM	8	ZTW 7/8 W	20.00		-23	6	60.00	30.10	ZW 1/2 Z	6		238033
1846-01-28T13:00	37.30	-12.43	294	4.6	1026.1	16.1		VM	8	ZWTZ	16.00		-21	3	61.00	30.30	NW	3		238034
1846-01-29T13:00	35.65	-13.15	12	2.6	1026.1	16.1		VM	8	ZZW	26.50		-22	2	61.00	30.30	NOTN	2		238035
1846-01-30T13:00	33.27	-15.23	23	6.7	1026.1	17.2		VM	8	ZWTZ	42.50		-22	4	63.00	30.30	NO	4		238036
1846-01-31T13:00	30.82	-16.35	69	6.7	1021.1	18.3		VM	8	ZTW 1/2 W	39.00		-21	4	65.00	30.15	O	4		238037
1846-02-01T13:00	28.75	-17.50	47		1019.4	15.6		VM	8	ZZW 1/2 W	34.50	SOMS STAAT ER EEN X BIJ DE WINDKRACHT	-21		60.00	30.10	ONO			238038
1846-02-02T13:00	26.68	-18.20	81	1.0	1019.4			VM	8	Z 1/2 W	31.50		-20	1		30.10	OTZ	1		238039
1846-02-03T13:00	23.47	-18.82	59	9.3	1016.0	20.0		VM	8	Z 3/4 W	48.50		-20	5	68.00	30.00	OTN	5		238040
1846-02-04T13:00	22.47	-19.02	116	0.0	1015.3	22.2		VM	8		16.00		-19	0	72.00	29.98	ZO	0		238041
1846-02-05T13:00	21.27	-19.27	4	1.0	1012.6	23.3		VM	8	ZTW	18.00		-19	1	74.00	29.90	NNO	1		238042
1846-02-06T13:00	19.57	-19.43	4	9.3	1012.6	22.2		VM	8	ZTW	26.00		-19	5	72.00	29.90	NNO	5		238043
1846-02-07T13:00	17.27	-19.80	342	9.3	1026.1	22.8		VM	8	Z 1/2 W	34.00		-18	5	73.00	30.30	N	5		238044
1846-02-08T13:00	14.35	-19.38	5	4.6	1016.0	24.4		VM	8	Z	44.00		-18	3	76.00	30.00	NNO	3		238045
1846-02-09T13:00	12.22	-18.95	342	4.6	1016.0	24.4		VM	8	ZTO	32.50		-18	3	76.00	30.00	N	3		238046
1846-02-10T13:00	10.73	-19.00	50	2.6	1016.0	24.4		VM	8	Z	22.00		-18	2	76.00	30.00	ONO	2		238047
1846-02-11T13:00	9.53	-18.75	342	2.6	1012.6	25.6		VM	8	ZTO	18.50		-18	2	78.00	29.90	N	2		238048
1846-02-12T13:00	8.28	-18.40	342	2.6	1012.6	26.7		VM	8	ZTO	19.00		-18	2	80.00	29.90	N	2		238049
1846-02-13T13:00	6.92	-18.10	332	2.6	1012.6	27.2		VM	8	ZTO	21.50		-17	2	81.00	29.90	NTW	2		238050
1846-02-14T13:00	5.18	-17.85	6	2.6	1012.6	27.2		VM	8	Z 1/2 O	26.50		-17	2	81.00	29.90	NNO	2		238051
1846-02-15T13:00	3.72	-17.95	321		1012.6	26.7		VM	8	Z	22.00		-17		80.00	29.90	NNW			238052
1846-02-16T13:00	2.63	-17.80	73	1.0	1012.6	28.9		VM	8	ZTO	17.00		-17	1	84.00	29.90	O	1		238053
1846-02-17T13:00	2.48	-18.05		0.0	1012.6	28.9		VM	8	ZWTW	5.00		-17	0	84.00	29.90		STIL		238054
1846-02-18T13:00	2.48	-18.08		0.0				VM	8				-17	0				STIL		238055
1846-02-19T13:00	1.75	-18.67	141	1.0	1012.6	30.0		VM	8	ZW	13.00		-17	1	86.00	29.90	ZZO	1		238056
1846-02-20T13:00	1.35	-19.28	129	1.0	1012.6	30.6		VM	8	ZWTW	11.00		-17	1	87.00	29.90	ZOTZ	1		238057
1846-02-21T13:00	1.13	-19.78	163	0.0	1012.6	30.6		VM	8	WZW	8.00		-17	0	87.00	29.90	Z	0		238058
1846-02-22T13:00	-0.20	-21.18	141	2.6	1012.6	30.6		VM	8	ZW	29.00		-17	2	87.00	29.90	ZZO	2		238059
1846-02-23T13:00	-1.72	-21.63	118	2.6	1012.6	28.9		VM	8	ZTW 1/2 W	23.50		-17	2	84.00	29.90	ZO	2		238060
1846-02-24T14:00	-4.47	-23.48	127	6.7		28.9		VM	8	ZZW 1/2 W	47.00		-14	4	84.00		ZO 1/2 Z	4		238061
1846-02-25T14:00	-7.32	-25.37	127	9.3		28.9		VM	8	ZWTZ	51.00		-14	5	84.00		ZO 1/2 Z	5		238062
1846-02-26T14:00	-9.85	-25.67	111	6.7		28.9		VM	8	ZTW	39.00		-13	4	84.00		ZOTO	4		238063
1846-02-27T14:00	-11.33	-25.37	83	6.7		28.9		VM	8	ZTO	23.00		-13	4	84.00		O 1/2 Z	4		238064
1846-02-28T14:00	-14.02	-24.87	83	6.7		27.8		VM	8	ZTO	40.00		-13	4	82.00		O 1/2 Z	4		238065
1846-03-01T14:00	-16.95	-25.45	105	9.3		28.3		VM	8	ZTW	45.00		-13	5	83.00		OZO 1/2 Z	5		238066
1846-03-02T14:00	-19.58	-26.27	117	9.3		28.9		VM	8	ZTW 1/2 W	42.00		-12	5	84.00		ZO 1/2 O	5		238067
1846-03-03T14:00	-22.93	-26.83	113	19.0	1016.0	28.9		VM	8	ZTW 1/2 W	52.00		-11	8	84.00	30.00	ZOTO	8		238068
1846-03-04T14:00	-25.97	-27.85	116	19.0	1032.9	28.9		VM	8	ZTW 1/2 W	48.00		-8	8	84.00	30.50	ZOTO	8		238069
1846-03-05T14:00	-28.60	-29.00	118	19.0	1022.8	26.7		VM	8	ZZW	42.00		-6	8	80.00	30.20	ZOTO	8		238070
1846-03-06T14:00	-30.82	-28.75	95		1022.8	24.4		VM	8	ZTO	33.00		-6		76.00	30.20	OTZ			238071
1846-03-07T14:00	-32.88	-26.45	48	19.0	1019.4	24.4		VM	8	ZO	43.00		-8	8	76.00	30.10	NOTO	8		238072
1846-03-08T14:00	-33.87	-23.10	352	6.7	1016.0	23.9		VM	8	OZO 1/4 O	44.00		-8	4	75.00	30.00	N	4		238073
1846-03-09T13:00	-34.22	-19.50	326	6.7	1016.0	23.3		VM	8	O	38.00		-12	4	74.00	30.00	NNW	4		238074
1846-03-10T13:00	-34.52	-14.90	300	12.3	1012.6	23.3		VM	8	O 1/2 Z	50.00		-15	6	74.00	29.90	NW	6		238075
1846-03-11T13:00	-35.18	-12.10	230	9.3	1009.2	21.7		VM	8	OZO 1/2 O	36.00		-18	5	71.00	29.80	WZW	5		238076
1846-03-12T13:00	-35.18	-9.12	140		1005.8	18.9		VM	8	OTN	42.00		-18		66.00	29.70	ZZO			238077
1846-03-13T12:00	-35.30	-7.43	114	26.8	1005.8	20.0		VM	8	ZZW	10.50		-21	10	68.00	29.70	ZO	10	a trivial correction was made in this observation	238078
1846-03-14T12:00	-35.52	-6.35	159	19.0	1005.8	18.9		VM	8	O 1/2 Z	35.75		-21	8	66.00	29.70	Z	8		238079
1846-03-15T12:00	-35.93	-2.82	148	19.0	1009.2	18.9		VM	8	O 2/3 Z	45.50		-21	8	66.00	29.80	ZTO	8		238080
1846-03-16T12:00	-36.70	-0.53	270	6.7	1016.0	18.9		VM	8	OZO	30.00		-23	4	66.00	30.00	WNW	4		238081
1846-03-17T12:00	-37.27	3.15	289	6.7	1016.0	19.4		VM	8	OTZ	45.00		-26	4	67.00	30.00	NW	4		238082
1846-03-18T12:00	-37.20	5.23	222	6.7	1016.0	20.0		VM	8	O	25.00		-26	4	68.00	30.00	WZW	4		238083
1846-03-19T12:00	-37.28	7.15	267	2.6	1016.0	21.1		VM	8	O	23.00		-26	2	70.00	30.00	WNW	2		238084
1846-03-20T11:00	-37.55	9.37	333	1.0	1032.9	21.1		VM	8	OTZ	27.00		-27	1	70.00	30.50	N	1		238085
1846-03-21T11:00	-37.33	12.52	140	2.6	1016.0	17.8		VM	8	O 1/2 N	33.00		-29	2	64.00	30.00	ZTO	2		238086
1846-03-22T11:00	-35.87	14.15	106	30.9	1019.4	15.6		VM	8	NO	28.00		-29	11	60.00	30.10	ZO	11		238087
1846-03-23T11:00	-37.10	13.92	95	26.8	1016.0	18.9		VM	8	ZTW	20.00		-29	10	66.00	30.00	ZOTO	10		238088
1846-03-24T11:00	-38.92	13.43	85	19.0	1016.0	20.0		VM	8	ZTW	28.00		-28	8	68.00	30.00	OZO	8		238089
1846-03-25T11:00	-38.08	13.52	62		1036.3	20.0		VM	8	NOTN	13.50		-28		68.00	30.60	O			238090
1846-03-26T11:00	-39.10	13.03	96		1016.0	20.0		VM	8	ZTW 1/2 W	15.00		-28		68.00	30.00	ZOTO			238091
1846-03-27T11:00	-39.97	13.78	40	2.6	1016.0	21.1		VM	8	ZOTZ	15.00		-28	2	70.00	30.00	ONO	2		238092
1846-03-28T11:00	-39.68	14.07	96	1.0	1012.6	20.0		VM	8	NO 1/2 N	5.50		-28	1	68.00	29.90	ZOTO	1		238093
1846-03-29T11:00	-39.85	14.53		0.0	1009.2	14.4		VM	8	OZO	6.00		-28	0	58.00	29.80		STIL		238094
1846-03-30T11:00	-39.50	18.63	218	9.3	1009.2	14.4		VM	8	O 1/2 N	50.00		-30	5	58.00	29.80	WZW	5		238095
1846-03-31T10:00	-39.83	22.60	195	6.7	1012.6	16.7		VM	8	O 1/2 Z	45.00		-30	4	62.00	29.90	ZW	4		238096
1846-04-01T10:00	-39.70	27.08	285	12.3	1012.6	17.8		VM	8	O 1/4 N	52.00		-30	6	64.00	29.90	NW	6		238097
1846-04-02T10:00	-39.67	30.20	127		1016.0	18.9		VM	8	O	35.00		-31		66.00	30.00	ZZO			238098
1846-04-03T10:00	-40.65	31.73	70		1012.6	15.6		VM	8	ZO 1/8 O	20.25		-31		60.00	29.90	OTZ			238099
1846-04-04T10:00	-41.62	35.17	352		1004.1	16.7		VM	8	OZO 1/8 O	40.00		-31		62.00	29.65	NNO			238100
1846-04-05T09:00	-41.50	37.95	173	1.0	999.1	14.4		VM	8	O 1/4 N	31.00		-30	1	58.00	29.50	ZZW	1		238101
1846-04-06T09:00	-41.05	42.08	195	30.9	999.1	13.3		VM	8	O 2/3 N	48.00		-30	11	56.00	29.50	ZW	11		238102
1846-04-07T09:00	-40.83	46.18	196	22.6	999.1	12.2		VM	8	O 1/4 N	48.00		-29	9	54.00	29.50	ZW	9		238103
1846-04-08T09:00	-40.97	50.87	163		1012.6	11.1		VM	8	O 1/4 Z	53.00		-28		52.00	29.90	ZTW			238104
1846-04-09T08:00	-41.03	54.42	142	15.4	1022.8	12.2		VM	8	O	41.00		-27	7	54.00	30.20	ZTO	7		238105
1846-04-10T08:00	-40.40	56.38	97	9.3	1022.8	13.3		VM	8	NOTO 1/2 O	22.00		-27	5	56.00	30.20	ZOTO	5		238106
1846-04-11T08:00	-39.37	58.58	120	12.3	1009.2	14.4		VM	8		31.00		-26	6	58.00	29.80	ZOTZ	6		238107
1846-04-12T08:00	-39.12	60.52	143	22.6	1002.4	17.8		VM	8	O 3/4 N	25.75		-26	9	64.00	29.60	ZTO	9		238108
1846-04-13T08:00	-39.38	64.37	155	12.3	1005.8	17.8		VM	8	O 1/2 Z	45.00		-25	6	64.00	29.70	Z	6		238109
1846-04-14T07:00	-39.42	67.50	246	2.6	1009.2	18.9		VM	8	O	32.00		-24	2	66.00	29.80	W	2		238110
1846-04-15T07:00	-39.02	71.92	325	4.6	1009.2	18.9		VM	8	O 2/3 N	51.50		-24	3	66.00	29.80	NTW	3		238111
1846-04-16T07:00	-39.78	74.37	360	30.9	982.1	17.8		VM	8	OZO	30.00		-23	11	64.00	29.00	NNO	11		238112
1846-04-17T07:00	-39.03	78.42	226	30.9	999.1	16.7		VM	8	ONO 1/4 O	51.00		-22	11	62.00	29.50	WZW	11		238113
1846-04-18T06:00	-37.08	82.50	309		1016.0	18.9		VM	8	NOTO	52.00		-17		66.00	30.00	NWTN			238114
1846-04-19T06:00	-35.57	86.00	300		1019.4	18.9		VM	8	ONO 1/3 N	48.00		-16		66.00	30.10	NW			238115
1846-04-20T06:00	-34.00	89.05	121		1022.8	17.8		VM	8	ONO 1/2 O	50.00		-14		64.00	30.20	ZO			238116
1846-04-21T06:00	-32.48	92.51	136	6.7	1024.5	17.8		VM	8	ONO 1/2 N	47.00		-10	4	64.00	30.25	ZOTZ	4		238117
1846-04-22T06:00	-31.35	93.45	103	2.6	1026.1	17.8		VM	8	NO 1/2 N	22.00		-10	2	64.00	30.30	OZO	2		238118
1846-04-23T06:00	-30.32	94.67	125	2.6	1022.8	18.9		VM	8	NOTO	27.00		-10	2	66.00	30.20	ZO	2		238119
1846-04-24T06:00	-28.72	95.71	103		1026.1	18.9		VM	8	NOTN	30.00		-10		66.00	30.30	OZO			238120
1846-04-25T06:00	-27.05	96.75	106		1019.4	18.9		VM	8	NOTN	30.00		-7		66.00	30.10	OZO			238121
1846-04-26T05:00	-25.28	98.23	118	9.3	1016.0	20.0		VM	8	NO	36.00		-6	5	68.00	30.00	ZOTO	5		238122
1846-04-27T05:00	-22.80	100.04	118	9.3		21.1		VM	8	NO 3/4 N	47.00		-6	5	70.00		ZOTO	5		238123
1846-04-28T05:00	-19.38	101.44	109	9.3		21.1		VM	8	NO	55.00		-4	5	70.00		OZO	5		238124
1846-04-29T05:00	-16.07	102.65	111	9.3		23.3		VM	8	NTO 1/2 O	52.00		-2	5	74.00		OZO	5		238125
1846-04-30T05:00	-12.62	103.84	111	12.3		26.7		VM	8	NNO	56.00		-2	6	80.00		OZO	6		238126
1846-05-01T05:00	-9.92	104.32	113			26.7		VM	8	NOTO 3/4 O	42.00		0		80.00		OZO			238127
1846-05-02T05:00	-9.55	104.00	45	0.0		27.8		VM	8	NNW	6.00		0	0	82.00		NO	0		238128
1846-05-03T05:00	-8.28	104.57	90	4.6				VM	8	NTO 3/4 O	20.00		0	3			O	3		238129