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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during SCHIEDAM cruise from Spitsbergen to Schiedam started at 1778-07-14 [dataset]. Museum Naturalis Leiden, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752011, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 63.278696 * Median Longitude: 0.566522 * South-bound Latitude: 52.530000 * West-bound Longitude: -2.650000 * North-bound Latitude: 73.250000 * East-bound Longitude: 2.670000
Date/Time Start: 1778-07-14T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1778-08-07T00:00:00
Event(s):
Schiedam_17780714_MNL_WALVISARCHIEF_1 * Latitude Start: 78.630000 * Longitude Start: 7.520000 * Latitude End: 51.900000 * Longitude End: 3.930000 * Date/Time Start: 1778-07-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1778-08-07T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Schiedam, Voyage: Spitsbergen - Schiedam, 1st Observer: Engelbertus Lucas (Commandeur), Company: WHA, Other ship information: JOURNALEN OF DAG REGISTERS VAN T SCHIP SCHIEDAM. GEVOERD BIJ Commandeur ENGELBERTUS LUCAS, GEDESTINEERD TER VISSERIJ NA GROENLAND INT JAAR ONZES HEERE 1778 EN INT JAAR ONZES HEER 1779. GEGEVENS VERWERKT UIT TRANSCRIPTIE VAN DE HEER W. VISSER.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
2LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
3LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
4Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
7BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
8--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
9WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11CommentCommentLife on board
12CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
13DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
14CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
15DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
16Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
17Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
18Present weatherwwWeather description
19Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
20Cloud typeCloud type
21GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
22Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
23FogFog1 If fog was reported
24Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
25ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
26HailHail1 If hail was reported
27Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
28IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
421 data points

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