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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Sara Lydia cruise from Batavia to Rotterdam started at 1847-11-06 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.752001, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -3.604865 * Median Longitude: 12.597748 * South-bound Latitude: -36.750000 * West-bound Longitude: -31.320000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.870000 * East-bound Longitude: 105.280000
Date/Time Start: 1847-11-06T05:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1848-02-27T12:00:00
Event(s):
Sara_Lydia_18471106_B_REIS_11_P194-199 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 51.900000 * Longitude End: 3.930000 * Date/Time Start: 1847-11-06T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1848-02-27T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Sara Lydia (Fregat), Voyage: Batavia - Rotterdam, 1st Observer: B. Van Der Tak (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
15 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
16 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
17 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
18 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
19 Present weatherwwWeather description
20 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
21 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
22 Cloud typeCloud type
23 ClearnessClearness
24 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
25 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
26 FogFog1 If fog was reported
27 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
28 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
29 HailHail1 If hail was reported
30 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
31 CommentComment
32 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2386 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
15 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
16 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
17 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
18 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
19 
ww
(Weather description)
20 
Precip descr
21 
State sea descr
22 
Cloud type
23 
Clearness
24 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
25 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
26 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
27 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
28 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
29 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
30 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
31 
Comment
32 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1847-11-06T05:00-6.42105.281596.71016.028.9VM81484.0030.00ZZO4W00V011000000229033
1847-11-07T05:00-7.23103.581144.61016.028.9VM81384.0030.00OZO3V010000000229034
1847-11-08T05:00-8.20101.231244.61017.327.8VM80382.0030.04ZOTO3V010000000a trivial correction was made in this observation229035
1847-11-09T05:00-9.2599.881464.61017.327.8VM80382.0030.04ZOTZ3V010000000a trivial correction was made in this observation229036
1847-11-10T05:00-10.4097.851356.71017.328.3VM80483.0030.04ZO4V010000000229037
1847-11-11T06:00-11.5594.821452.61019.427.8VM8-1282.0030.10ZOTZ2W001000000229038
1847-11-12T06:00-12.9292.231324.61019.427.2VM8-3381.0030.10ZO3V040000000229039
1847-11-13T06:00-14.0389.101324.61019.427.2VM8-3381.0030.10ZO3W001000000229040
1847-11-14T06:00-15.0286.351326.71019.427.2VM8-3481.0030.10ZO4W001000000229041
1847-11-15T06:00-16.2383.351324.61019.726.7VM8-3380.0030.11ZO3V010000000229042
1847-11-16T07:00-17.2880.081094.61020.026.1VM8-4379.0030.12OZO3V040000000229043
1847-11-17T07:00-18.3376.95944.61020.026.1VM8-7379.0030.12OTZ3V010000000229044
1847-11-18T07:00-19.3374.201624.61019.423.9VM8-7375.0030.10ZTO3V040000000229045
1847-11-19T07:00-20.2371.881506.71020.724.4VM8-8476.0030.14ZZO4V010000000229046
1847-11-20T07:00-21.1869.00934.61022.123.3VM8-8374.0030.18OTZ3V000000000229047
1847-11-21T08:00-22.3565.831041.01025.523.3VM8-9174.0030.28OZO1H000000000229048
1847-11-22T08:00-23.0262.931012.61026.122.8VM8-12273.0030.30OZO2V010000000229049
1847-11-23T08:00-23.4860.42661.01026.122.8VM8-13173.0030.30OTN1W001000000229050
1847-11-24T08:00-23.9758.30216.71023.423.3VM8-13474.0030.22NOTN4V040000000229051
1847-11-25T08:00-24.3756.60646.71020.424.4VM8-15476.0030.13OTN4V010000000229052
1847-11-26T08:00-24.6754.633234.61021.724.4VM8-15376.0030.17NNW3V040000000229053
1847-11-27T09:00-25.7852.052314.61019.025.0VM8-17377.0030.09WZW3V040000000229054
1847-11-28T09:00-26.3050.551074.61019.423.9VM8-17375.0030.10ZOTO3W001000000229055
1847-11-29T09:00-27.4347.33606.71023.423.9VM8-19475.0030.22OTN4V050000000229056
1847-11-30T09:00-28.1845.45684.61021.723.3VM8DE LENGTE DOOR ZON/MAAN (1E DD)-22374.0030.17O3V040000000229057
1847-12-01T09:00-28.9743.4516919.01018.023.9VM8-22875.0030.06ZTW8V040000000229058
1847-12-02T09:00-29.6040.82212.61022.122.8VM8DE LENGTE DOOR ZON/MAAN (1E DD)-24273.0030.18NO2V040000000229059
1847-12-03T09:00-30.0538.781564.61016.722.2VM8-24372.0030.02Z3W001000000229060
1847-12-04T10:00-30.6036.451432.61018.422.8VM8-26273.0030.07ZTO2V040000000229061
1847-12-05T10:00-30.8834.6284.61023.822.8VM8-26373.0030.23NOTN3H010000000229062
1847-12-06T10:00-31.6231.271981.01018.425.6VM8-27178.0030.07ZWUIT ZW1Z03V040000000229063
1847-12-07T10:00-32.7529.082079.31018.724.4VM8-29576.0030.08ZWTW5W01W211100000229064
1847-12-08T10:00-33.4828.332862.61020.021.7VM8-29271.0030.12NW2H010000000229065
1847-12-09T10:00-34.4027.672196.71020.021.7VM8-29471.0030.12WZW4V010000000229066
1847-12-10T10:00-34.1025.77834.61012.621.7VM8-30371.0029.90OZO3W21V050100000229067
1847-12-11T10:00-34.5724.802184.61016.020.0VM8-30368.0030.00WZW3V040000000229068
1847-12-12T10:00-34.9723.682636.71016.020.0VM8-30468.0030.00WNW4V010000000229069
1847-12-13T10:00-34.7723.122402.61017.320.6VM8-30269.0030.04W2V040000000229070
1847-12-14T10:00-34.7723.02832.61018.721.7VM8-30271.0030.08OZO2V040000000229071
1847-12-15T11:00-35.2220.802194.61018.721.7VM8-29371.0030.08WZW3W001000000229072
1847-12-16T11:00-35.4818.982414.61012.620.6VM8-29369.0029.90W3V010000000229073
1847-12-17T11:00-36.1318.728426.81014.019.4VM8-291067.0029.94OZO10W021000000229074
1847-12-18T11:00-36.6218.8021926.81010.218.3VM8-291065.0029.83WZW10W021000000229075
1847-12-19T11:00-36.4019.0824119.01004.519.4VM8-29867.0029.66W8W011000000229076
1847-12-20T11:00-36.7519.2524126.81004.519.4VM8-291067.0029.66W10W001000000229077
1847-12-21T11:00-35.5717.8225215.41024.816.1VM8-29761.0030.26WTN7V010000000229078
1847-12-22T11:00-34.9517.351516.71017.718.3VM8-29465.0030.05Z4V050000000229079
1847-12-23T11:00-32.9514.751176.71024.818.3VM8-29465.0030.26ZOTZ4V010000000229080
1847-12-24T11:00-30.9311.931314.61021.418.3VM8-27365.0030.16ZZO3V040000000229081
1847-12-25T11:00-28.879.601084.61019.018.3VM8-27365.0030.09ZO3V010000000229082
1847-12-26T12:00-27.337.451094.61019.720.0VM8-26368.0030.11ZO3V010000000229083
1847-12-27T12:00-25.805.401094.61021.720.6VM8-26369.0030.17ZO3V010000000229084
1847-12-28T12:00-24.183.471094.61020.020.0VM8-26368.0030.12ZO3V010000000229085
1847-12-29T12:00-22.702.121004.61020.020.0VM8-24368.0030.12ZOTO3V040000000229086
1847-12-30T12:00-21.200.47896.71020.721.1VM8-24470.0030.14OZO4V010000000229087
1848-01-01T12:00-17.97-3.301122.61020.020.6VM8-23269.0030.12ZO2V010000000229088
1848-01-02T12:00-16.12-5.131464.61018.421.7VM8-23371.0030.07ZTO3V010000000229089
1848-01-03T00:001356.71018.421.71VM8471.0030.07ZO4H000000000229090
1848-01-04T00:001354.61018.421.71VM8371.0030.07ZO3V010000000229091
1848-01-05T12:00-15.23-6.371121.01019.023.3VM8-23174.0030.09ZO1V040000000229092
1848-01-06T13:00-14.12-7.63924.61019.022.2VM8-21372.0030.09OZO3W001000000229093
1848-01-07T13:00-12.58-9.12924.61019.422.2VM8-21372.0030.10OZO3W001000000229094
1848-01-08T13:00-10.83-10.92922.61018.022.2VM8-21272.0030.06OZO2V040000000229095
1848-01-09T13:00-9.25-12.521052.61018.022.8VM8-19273.0030.06ZOTO2V010000000229096
1848-01-10T13:00-7.67-14.25941.01016.723.3VM8-19174.0030.02OZO1V010000000229097
1848-01-11T13:00-6.33-15.62942.61015.323.9VM8-19275.0029.98OZO2V040000000229098
1848-01-12T13:00-4.80-16.601276.71018.025.6VM8-19478.0030.06ZOTZ4W001000000229099
1848-01-13T13:00-3.17-17.751074.61018.025.6VM8-17378.0030.06ZOTO3V010000000229100
1848-01-14T13:00-1.45-18.921412.61018.025.6VM8-17278.0030.06ZZO2V040000000229101
1848-01-15T13:00-1.42-19.922314.61018.026.1VM8-17379.0030.06WZW3V040000000229102
1848-01-16T13:001.40-20.751521.01018.025.0VM8-17177.0030.06ZTO1W001000000229103
1848-01-17T13:002.32-21.171412.61015.626.7VM8-17280.0029.99ZZO2V040000000229104
1848-01-18T13:003.42-19.802532.61016.027.2VM8-17281.0030.00W2W001000000229105
1848-01-19T13:003.83-21.302082.61016.027.8VM8-17282.0030.00ZW2V040000000229106
1848-01-20T13:004.35-21.202982.61016.027.8VM8-17282.0030.00NW2W00, W421000100229107
1848-01-21T13:005.07-20.952081.01016.027.8VM8-17182.0030.00ZW1V010000000229108
1848-01-22T13:004.83-21.0062.61016.025.6VM8-17278.0030.00NNO2V040000000229109
1848-01-23T14:006.18-23.2386.71017.025.6VM8-15478.0030.03NNO4V040000000229110
1848-01-24T14:007.48-25.40191.01017.025.0VM8-15177.0030.03NOTN1V040000000229111
1848-01-25T14:008.88-27.35186.71017.025.0VM8-16477.0030.03NOTN4W001000000229112
1848-01-26T14:0010.55-29.32546.71019.024.4VM8-14476.0030.09ONO4V010000000229113
1848-01-27T14:0012.90-30.47534.61019.024.4VM8-15376.0030.09ONO3V010000000229114
1848-01-28T14:0015.38-31.22751.01020.022.8VM8-15173.0030.12O1V010000000229115
1848-01-29T14:0017.58-31.32742.61020.022.8VM8-16273.0030.12O2W001000000229116
1848-01-30T14:0018.88-31.20851.01021.122.8VM8-16173.0030.15OTZ1V040000000229117
1848-01-31T14:0020.03-31.03742.61021.722.8VM8-16273.0030.17O2V000000000229118
1848-02-01T14:0020.90-30.87852.61021.123.9VM8-16275.0030.15OTZ2V040000000229119
1848-02-02T14:0021.98-30.731192.61021.123.9VM8-16275.0030.15ZO2V050000000229120
1848-02-03T14:0023.38-30.421512.61021.422.8VM8-18273.0030.16ZTO2V040000000229121
1848-02-04T14:0025.22-29.721171.01020.022.8VM8-18173.0030.12ZO1V010000000229122
1848-02-05T14:0027.43-28.671172.61022.121.7VM8-18271.0030.18ZO2V040000000229123
1848-02-06T14:0028.77-28.12701.01024.521.1VM8-20170.0030.25O1H010000000229124
1848-02-07T14:0030.18-27.883404.61024.521.1VM8-20370.0030.25N3V040000000229125
1848-02-08T14:0031.25-28.18482.6997.720.6VM8-20269.0029.46ONO2H000000000229126
1848-02-09T14:0032.58-28.08682.6999.120.6VM8-22269.0029.50O2V040000000229127
1848-02-10T14:0032.67-28.37232.6998.420.6VM8-22269.0029.48NO2V010000000229128
1848-02-11T14:0033.50-28.45912.6996.319.4VM8-22267.0029.42OZO2V050000000229129
1848-02-12T14:0034.77-28.001364.6996.319.4VM8-22367.0029.42ZZO3V050000000229130
1848-02-13T14:0036.27-25.923262.6997.017.8VM8-23264.0029.44NTW2V040000000229131
1848-02-14T14:0037.60-23.873582.6996.717.2VM8-25263.0029.43NNO2V010000000229132
1848-02-15T13:0037.68-20.883594.6996.717.2VM8-24363.0029.43NNO3W001000000229133
1848-02-16T13:0037.88-18.603474.6996.717.2VM8-24363.0029.43NTO3W001000000229134
1848-02-17T13:0038.23-18.40442.6999.113.9VM8-24257.0029.50ONO2V010000000229135
1848-02-18T13:0038.97-19.672914.61000.713.9VM8-24357.0029.55NW3V040000000229136
1848-02-19T13:0039.25-19.232572.61001.415.6VM8-24260.0029.57WTN2V010000000229137
1848-02-20T13:0041.50-17.582802.6996.315.6VM8-24260.0029.42NWTW2V050000000229138
1848-02-21T13:0043.85-15.502104.6995.714.4VM8-26358.0029.40ZWTW3V050000000229139
1848-02-22T13:0046.52-12.972674.6995.714.4VM8-26358.0029.40WNW3V010000000229140
1848-02-23T13:0048.60-9.971766.71000.422.2VM8-27472.0029.54ZZW4V040000000229141
1848-02-24T12:0049.48-5.973136.7993.622.2VM8-25472.0029.34NNW4V050000000229142
1848-02-25T12:0050.53-1.9314719.0989.615.61VM8-22860.0029.22ZTO8V040000000229143
1848-02-26T12:0050.621.0513626.8972.011.71VM8-221053.0028.70ZZO10W02W201100000229144
1848-02-27T12:0051.873.322054.6992.310.01VM8-20350.0029.30ZW3V040000000229145