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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Sara Lydia cruise from Rotterdam to Batavia started at 1841-07-18 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751995, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -8.838788 * Median Longitude: 12.399899 * South-bound Latitude: -40.820000 * West-bound Longitude: -36.180000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.650000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1841-07-18T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1841-10-24T05:00:00
Event(s):
Sara_Lydia_18410718_B_REIS_9_P141-183 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1841-07-18T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1841-10-24T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Sara Lydia (Fregat), Voyage: Rotterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: B. Van Der Tak (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
15 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
17 Present weatherwwWeather description
18 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
19 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
20 Cloud typeCloud type
21 ClearnessClearness
22 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
23 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
24 FogFog1 If fog was reported
25 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
26 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
27 HailHail1 If hail was reported
28 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
29 CommentComment
30 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2106 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
15 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
16 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
17 
ww
(Weather description)
18 
Precip descr
19 
State sea descr
20 
Cloud type
21 
Clearness
22 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
23 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
24 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
25 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
26 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
27 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
28 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
29 
Comment
30 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1841-07-18T12:0050.650.332259.31009.215.61VM8-23560.0029.80WZW5V050000000229354
1841-07-19T12:0050.60-0.372709.31014.315.61VM8-23560.0029.95WNW5V050000000a trivial correction was made in this observation229355
1841-07-20T12:0050.57-1.422131014.325.01VM8-2377.0029.95ZWTWV050000000229356
1841-07-21T12:0050.15-1.602704.61005.820.61VM8-23369.0029.70WNW3V050000000229357
1841-07-22T12:0050.23-1.5027012.31009.915.61VM8-23660.0029.82WNW6V100000000229358
1841-07-23T12:0050.15-2.083154.61018.415.61VM8-23360.0030.07NNW3V050000000229359
1841-07-24T12:0049.90-3.833354.61018.715.61VM8-25360.0030.08N3V050000000229360
1841-07-25T12:0048.23-7.123354.61027.215.6VM8-25360.0030.33N3V050000000229361
1841-07-26T13:0046.05-11.083134.61024.816.7VM8-25362.0030.26NNW3W200100000229362
1841-07-27T13:0044.55-12.37204.61022.817.8VM8-25364.0030.20NO3V030000000229363
1841-07-28T13:0042.35-14.22102.61028.215.6VM8-24260.0030.36NOTN2V010000000229364
1841-07-29T13:0039.77-16.50104.61026.118.3VM8-24365.0030.30NOTN3V050000000229365
1841-07-30T13:0037.62-18.473144.61022.418.9VM8-24366.0030.19NNW3V010000000229366
1841-07-31T13:0035.03-19.6814.61021.417.2VM8-22363.0030.16NNO3V050000000229367
1841-08-01T13:0032.35-20.82474.61025.520.6VM8-21369.0030.28ONO3W20V050100000229368
1841-08-02T13:0029.17-22.23474.61024.821.7VM8-21371.0030.26ONO3V100000000229369
1841-08-03T14:0025.70-23.38264.61022.121.7VM8-19371.0030.18NO3V100000000229370
1841-08-04T14:0022.22-24.174.61019.422.2VM8-18372.0030.103PASSAATH010000000229371
1841-08-05T14:0019.00-24.7254.61018.722.8VM8-18373.0030.08NNO3V050000000229372
1841-08-06T14:0016.68-24.52742.61017.326.1VM8-16279.0030.04O2H000000000229373
1841-08-07T14:0014.97-25.00524.61017.324.4VM8-16376.0030.04ONO3V000000000229374
1841-08-08T14:0013.57-24.52522.61016.026.7VM8-16280.0030.00ONO2V030000000229375
1841-08-09T14:0012.95-24.32522.61017.325.6VM8-16278.0030.04ONO2H000000000229376
1841-08-10T14:0012.95-24.60741.01017.327.2VM8-16181.0030.04O1W210100000229377
1841-08-11T14:0012.33-24.572096.71019.426.7VM8-16480.0030.10ZW4V100000000229378
1841-08-12T14:0010.10-22.632096.71017.727.2VM8-16481.0030.05ZW4W21V050100000229379
1841-08-13T13:008.23-20.822086.71017.026.7VM8-17480.0030.03ZW4H000000000229380
1841-08-14T13:007.08-18.551744.61018.726.7VM8-17380.0030.08ZTW3V040000000229381
1841-08-15T13:006.92-18.721864.61018.726.7VM8-17380.0030.08ZZW3V100000000229382
1841-08-16T13:006.28-17.421734.61018.726.7VM8-18380.0030.08ZTW3W21V100100000229383
1841-08-17T13:006.00-17.031739.31018.427.2VM8-18581.0030.07ZTW5H000000000229384
1841-08-18T13:005.15-19.271524.61016.027.2VM8-17381.0030.00ZTO3H010000000229385
1841-08-19T13:004.23-21.401524.61018.026.7VM8-17380.0030.06ZTO3V050000000229386
1841-08-20T13:004.00-22.001524.61017.326.7VM8-17380.0030.04ZTO3V050000000229387
1841-08-21T14:003.00-24.371544.61018.026.7VM8-15380.0030.06ZTO3V010000000229388
1841-08-22T14:001.03-26.654.61018.426.7VM8-14380.0030.073PASSAATV010000000229389
1841-08-23T14:00-1.42-27.28994.61020.727.2VM8-14381.0030.14OZO3W21V100100000229390
1841-08-24T14:00-4.48-28.151246.71018.426.1VM8-11479.0030.07ZO4V030000000229391
1841-08-25T14:00-7.08-29.8211312.31020.426.1VM8-11679.0030.13ZOTO6V040000000229392
1841-08-26T14:00-9.28-31.521364.61021.725.6VM8-10378.0030.17ZOZ3V040000000229393
1841-08-27T14:00-11.20-33.451284.61022.826.1VM8-7379.0030.20ZO3Z00V040000000229394
1841-08-28T14:00-14.73-33.651294.61024.125.0VM8-6377.0030.24ZO3V040000000229395
1841-08-29T14:00-17.90-35.281194.61024.125.0VM8-5377.0030.24ZOTO3V040000000229396
1841-08-30T14:00-20.60-36.18744.61022.124.4VM8-5376.0030.18OTN3V04, V000000000229397
1841-08-31T14:00-23.35-35.53524.61026.123.9VM8-4375.0030.30NOTO3Z00V010000000229398
1841-09-01T14:00-26.47-34.22194.61029.222.2VM8-4372.0030.39NNO3V04H000000000229399
1841-09-02T14:00-28.12-31.53174.61029.220.6VM8-6369.0030.39NNO3Z00H010000000229400
1841-09-03T14:00-29.08-27.801294.61028.919.4VM8-6367.0030.38ZO3W21V100100000229401
1841-09-04T14:00-29.15-25.752164.61025.520.0VM8-9368.0030.28ZW3W21V010100000229402
1841-09-05T14:00-30.25-24.573294.61025.117.8VM8-9364.0030.27NNW3V100000000229403
1841-09-06T13:00-30.38-20.632134.61024.116.7VM8-12362.0030.24ZW3V010000000229404
1841-09-07T13:00-30.02-16.401304.61027.517.8VM8-16364.0030.34ZOTZ3V010000000229405
1841-09-08T13:00-30.28-13.729719.01028.216.1VM8-16861.0030.36OZO8V010000000229406
1841-09-09T13:00-28.90-13.506312.31032.917.2VM8-16663.0030.50OTN6V010000000229407
1841-09-10T13:00-30.52-13.47184.61034.317.2VM8-16363.0030.54NOTN3V010000000229408
1841-09-11T13:00-32.17-11.123411.01032.916.7VM8-19162.0030.50N1V050000000229409
1841-09-12T13:00-33.22-8.5364.61029.916.1VM8-17361.0030.41NNO3V000000000229410
1841-09-13T12:00-33.80-5.603184.61024.815.6VM8-20360.0030.26NNW3V040000000229411
1841-09-14T12:00-34.43-2.1518019.01019.016.7VM8-23862.0030.09ZZW8V030000000229412
1841-09-15T12:00-34.871.681354.61018.713.9VM8-23357.0030.08ZZO3V100000000229413
1841-09-16T12:00-34.175.1012112.31025.511.7VM8-25653.0030.28ZOTZ6V010000000229414
1841-09-17T11:00-33.358.57184.61029.212.8VM8-27355.0030.39NO3V010000000229415
1841-09-18T11:00-34.109.633112.61026.514.4VM8-27258.0030.31NNW2V050000000229416
1841-09-19T11:00-34.9012.851521.01018.413.9VM8-28157.0030.07Z1W21V050100000229417
1841-09-20T11:00-35.4315.32174.61017.015.6VM8-28360.0030.03NO3W21V040100000229418
1841-09-21T11:00-35.2517.181974.61011.915.6VM8-28360.0029.88ZW3V100000000229419
1841-09-22T11:00-36.0019.321749.31011.914.4VM8-29558.0029.88ZZW5V010000000229420
1841-09-23T10:00-36.9022.682412.61021.715.6VM8-29260.0030.17W2V030000000229421
1841-09-24T10:00-37.1024.823094.61029.515.0VM8-29359.0030.40NNW3V100000000229422
1841-09-25T10:00-37.7827.672284.61020.415.6VM8-31360.0030.13WTZ3Z00V040000000229423
1841-09-26T10:00-38.3031.7530726.81015.316.7VM8-311062.0029.98NNW10Z03 RONDV010000000229424
1841-09-27T10:00-38.7035.8519430.91024.514.4VM8-311158.0030.25ZW11W02Z001000000229425
1841-09-28T09:00-37.7840.501954.61024.514.4VM8-30358.0030.25ZW3W02W211100000229426
1841-09-29T09:00-38.2244.821174.61019.415.6VM8-29360.0030.10ZOTZ3W210100000229427
1841-09-30T09:00-37.5048.301411.01021.116.1VM8-28161.0030.15ZTO1H000000000229428
1841-10-01T09:00-37.2550.38544.61024.113.9VM8-25357.0030.24OTN3V050000000229429
1841-10-02T09:00-38.7251.025115.41028.513.9VM8-28757.0030.37OTN7W20V040100000229430
1841-10-03T09:00-40.4851.9328719.01011.214.4VM8-28858.0029.86NW8W220100000229431
1841-10-04T08:00-40.8253.7525430.91000.416.1VM8-271161.0029.54WTN11V160000000229432
1841-10-05T08:00-39.6858.803454.61016.014.4VM8-26358.0030.00NTO3V050000000229433
1841-10-06T08:00-39.1763.003134.61017.015.6VM8-25360.0030.03NNW3Z020000000229434
1841-10-07T07:00-38.7268.2524626.81012.316.1VM8-241061.0029.89W10W02Z001000000229435
1841-10-08T07:00-38.8372.8724719.01010.613.3VM8-23856.0029.84W8W21Z00V100100000229436
1841-10-09T07:00-38.2877.8231712.31012.612.8VM8-21655.0029.90NNW6W01W211100000229437
1841-10-10T07:00-36.5781.6024322.61007.215.0VM8-16959.0029.74WTZ9W21V100100000229438
1841-10-11T06:00-34.7285.6727819.01004.813.9VM8-15857.0029.67WNW8V010000000229439
1841-10-12T06:00-32.5388.822564.61010.613.9VM8-14357.0029.84W3V010000000229440
1841-10-13T06:00-30.1291.482834.61016.015.0VM8-10359.0030.00WNW3V010000000229441
1841-10-14T06:00-28.4392.953064.61020.417.8VM8-9364.0030.13NW3V040000000229442
1841-10-15T06:00-26.6294.522974.61020.418.9VM8-7366.0030.13NWTW3H000000000229443
1841-10-16T06:00-25.3896.103084.61017.718.9VM8-7366.0030.05NW3W21V100100000229444
1841-10-17T05:00-23.1398.423090.01017.020.0VM8-6068.0030.03NW0H000000000229445
1841-10-18T05:00-21.6099.821094.61020.724.4VM8-4376.0030.14OZO3V010000000229446
1841-10-19T05:00-18.80101.85972.61020.022.8VM8-4273.0030.12OTZ2V010000000229447
1841-10-20T05:00-15.47102.85994.61019.424.4VM8-2376.0030.10OTZ3V040000000229448
1841-10-21T05:00-11.93103.781014.61018.026.7VM80380.0030.06OTZ3V010000000229449
1841-10-22T05:00-8.17104.881244.61015.027.8VM80382.0029.97ZOTO3H000000000229450
1841-10-23T05:00-6.10105.601362.61016.028.9VM81284.0030.00ZO2H000000000229451
1841-10-24T05:00-6.10106.861362.61016.728.31VM81283.0030.02ZO2H000000000229452