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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Santa Gertrudis cruise from Montevideo to Cádiz started at 1794-06-21 [dataset]. Archivo Museo Naval Madrid, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751947, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -6.046308 * Median Longitude: -31.346615 * South-bound Latitude: -35.320000 * West-bound Longitude: -55.230000 * North-bound Latitude: 37.120000 * East-bound Longitude: -8.080000
Date/Time Start: 1794-06-21T16:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1794-09-20T00:00:00
Event(s):
Santa_Gertrudis_17940621_MS_172_3 * Latitude Start: -35.970000 * Longitude Start: -55.650000 * Latitude End: 36.070000 * Longitude End: -6.730000 * Date/Time Start: 1794-06-21T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1794-09-20T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Santa Gertrudis (Fragata), Voyage: Montevideo - Cádiz, 1st Observer: Capitan
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
13 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
14 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16 Present weatherwwWeather description
17 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
18 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
19 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
20 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
21 FogFog1 If fog was reported
22 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
23 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
24 HailHail1 If hail was reported
25 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
993 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

-
(1 If position is considered t...)
10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
12 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
13 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
14 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
15 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
16 
ww
(Weather description)
17 
Precip descr
18 
State sea descr
19 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
20 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
21 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
22 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
23 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
24 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
25 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
26 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1794-06-21T16:00-35.12-55.23352GENERALES14NNOCLARO0000000226326
1794-06-22T16:00-35.32-54.00149GENERALES141º - 2º CUADRANTEVENTOLINAS VARIABLES0000000226327
1794-06-23T16:00-35.12-53.683292.6GENERALES14NOCALMOSOOSCUROLLANA0000000226328
1794-06-24T15:00-35.17-51.75261GENERALES13OSOTOLDADO0000000226329
1794-06-25T15:00-35.13-50.502619.3GENERALES13OSOFRESQUITOTOLDADOMARETA DEL VIENTO0000000226330
1794-06-26T15:00-35.02-47.67283GENERALES13OSO - OMUCHA CELAJERÍA0000000226331
1794-06-27T15:00-34.78-47.45259GENERALES11OSO0000000226332
1794-06-28T15:00-34.48-46.553266.7GENERALES11NOBONANCIBLE0000000226333
1794-06-29T15:00-34.38-45.808GENERALES11N1/4NOTIEMPO HERMOSO0000000226334
1794-06-30T15:00-34.40-43.8011GENERALES11NCELAJERÍA ESPESA0000000226335
1794-07-01T15:00-34.40-42.73349GENERALES11NNOHORIZONTES OSCUROSDEL N0000000226336
1794-07-02T15:00-34.15-43.433261.0GENERALES114º CUADRANTEVENTOLINAS0000000226337
1794-07-03T15:00-33.68-41.283239.3GENERALES8NOFRESQUITOACHUBASCADO0000000226338
1794-07-04T15:00-32.62-41.282569.3GENERALES8OSOFRESQUITOTURBONADAS Y AGUACEROS0100000226339
1794-07-05T15:00-31.20-38.35231GENERALES6SOMUCHA CELAJERÍA0000000226340
1794-07-06T14:00-30.05-37.272299.3GENERALES4SOFRESQUITOALGUNA CELAJERÍA SUELTA0000000226341
1794-07-07T15:00-29.77-38.92362GENERALES6TODOS RUMBOSVENTOLINAS VARIABLES0000000226342
1794-07-08T14:00-29.80-37.4834212.3GENERALES4NNOFRESCO Y A FUGADASCERRADO0000000226343
1794-07-09T14:00-28.55-36.3022912.3GENERALES4SOFRESCOCIELO TOLDADOGRUESA0000000226344
1794-07-10T14:00-27.13-35.6713412.3GENERALES2SE1/4EFRESCOHORIZONTES CARGADOS0000000226345
1794-07-11T14:00-26.22-35.701156.7GENERALES2ENE - E - ESEBONANCIBLE0000000226346
1794-07-12T14:00-26.78-35.05256.7GENERALES2NNEBONANCIBLEBUENAS APARIENCIAS0000000226347
1794-07-13T14:00-27.00-34.03256.7GENERALES2NNEBONANCIBLEBUENAS APARIENCIAS0000000226348
1794-07-14T14:00-26.62-33.083409.3GENERALES2NNOFRESQUITOTOLDADO0000000226349
1794-07-15T14:00-26.17-32.273146.7GENERALES-1NOBONANCIBLELLANA0000000226350
1794-07-16T14:00-25.35-31.733116.7GENERALES-1NO1/4OBONANCIBLE0000000226351
1794-07-17T14:00-24.00-28.832924.6GENERALES-1ONOFLOXOCELAJERÍA PARDALLANA0000000226352
1794-07-18T14:00-23.77-30.752726.7GENERALES-1O1/4NOBONANCIBLENUBLADO Y LLOVIENDO0100000226353
1794-07-19T14:00-21.78-27.871339.3GENERALES-2SEFRESQUITOCARICES ACHUBASCADOS0000000226354
1794-07-20T14:00-21.33-27.553134.6GENERALES-2ENE - NOFLOXOCIELO ATURBONADO0000000226355
1794-07-21T14:00-20.15-30.372919.3GENERALES-2ONOFRESQUITOMUCHA CELAJERÍA0000000226356
1794-07-22T14:00-18.68-29.9515612.3GENERALES-2SSEFRESCOACHUBASCADO Y AGUACEROS CONTINUOS0100000226357
1794-07-23T14:00-16.75-29.1315512.3GENERALES-3SSEFRESCOACHUBASCADO Y AGUACEROS CONTINUOS0100000226358
1794-07-24T14:00-15.17-28.781299.3GENERALES-3SE1/4EFRESQUITOMUCHA LLUVIA0100000226359
1794-07-25T14:00-13.53-28.431109.3GENERALES-3ESEFRESQUITOMUCHA LLUVIA0100000226360
1794-07-26T14:00-11.52-28.3312812.3GENERALES-4SE1/4EFRESCOCLARO0000000226361
1794-07-27T14:00-9.92-28.251319.3GENERALES-4SEFRESQUITOBUEN SEMBLANTE0000000226362
1794-07-28T14:00-8.32-28.201099.3GENERALES-4ESEFRESQUITOBUEN SEMBLANTE0000000226363
1794-07-29T14:00-6.78-28.071279.3GENERALES-5SE1/4EFRESQUITOCIELOS Y HORIZONTES OSCUROS0000000226364
1794-07-30T14:00-4.87-24.6712712.3GENERALES-8SEFRESCODEL VIENTO0000000226365
1794-07-31T14:00-2.67-24.5212712.3GENERALES-8SEFRESCOCIELO Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS0000000226366
1794-08-01T14:00-1.30-26.6512612.3GENERALES-9SEFRESCOFRECUENTES CHUBASCOS0100000226367
1794-08-02T14:000.67-26.251742.6GENERALES-9S1/4SOCALMOSOCIELO Y HORIZONTES CUBIERTOS0000000226368
1794-08-03T14:002.60-26.2214812.3GENERALES-10SSEFRESCOOSCUROLLANA0000000226369
1794-08-04T14:004.70-25.9014812.3GENERALES-10SSEFRESCO0000000226370
1794-08-05T14:006.00-25.932159.3GENERALES-10SOFRESQUITOLLUVIOSOLLANA0100000226371
1794-08-06T14:007.80-25.752149.3GENERALES-11SOFRESQUITOMUCHOS AGUACEROS0100000226372
1794-08-07T14:009.75-25.302179.3GENERALES-11SO1/4OFRESQUITO Y A VECES CALMOSOLLOVIENDO0100000226373
1794-09-03T14:0033.37-34.95209ISLA SANTA MARÍA (AZORES)N66ºE175N40ºE113.00GENERALES-16SOA LA CAÍDA DE LA TARDE CIELO Y HORIZONTES DE MUCHA CELAJERÍA FRECUENTES CHUBASCOS DE AGUA0100000226374
1794-09-04T14:0033.78-33.05251N78º45E93.00GENERALES-16O1/4SOEL VIENTO HA ESCASEADO HASTA EL NO Y VA AUMENTANDO DE FUERZA.0000000226375
1794-09-05T14:0035.00-30.63321N69ºE98.00GENERALES-17NNOFUE ARRECIANDO EL VIENTO POR EL ONO Y NO. ESCASEÓ EL VIENTO HASTA FIXARSE AL SSO.0000000226376
1794-09-06T14:0035.58-28.77231ISLA DE SANTA MARÍAN85ºE67S79ºEGENERALES-17OSOTODA LA TARDE Y NOCHE FRESCO EL VIENTO POR EL SSO, LA MAR PICADA Y EL TIEMPO ATURBONADO Y LLOVIENDO.PICADA0100000226377
1794-09-07T14:0036.12-27.00161ISLA DE SANTA MARÍANE1/4E30S78º3/4EGENERALES-19SVIENTECITO ENTABLADOEL VIENTO HA SIDO HERMOSO, EL VIENTECITO ENTABLADO, LA MAR HA ESTADO MUY LLANALLANA0000000226378
1794-09-08T14:0036.27-24.87184ISLA SANTA MARÍA15S56º1/4EGENERALES-19SSO0000000226379
1794-09-09T14:0036.45-23.0020312.3S67º3/4EGENERALES-19SO1/4SFRESCOEL CIELO Y HORIZONTES CUBIERTOS DE CELAJERÍA GRUESA, LA MAR PICADA DEL VIENTO Y ÉSTE FRESCO DEL 3º CUADRANTE.PICADA DEL VIENTO0000000226380
1794-09-10T13:0036.40-20.22250S67º3/4EGENERALES-20OVIENTO FRESCO DEL SO Y MAR GRUESA.GRUESA0000000226381
1794-09-11T13:0036.58-18.2734315.4S68ºEGENERALES-20N1/4NERECIOA LAS 2 DE LA TARDE PASÓ EL VIENTO POR EL O AL NNO Y N CON MAL CARIZ. TODA LA SINGLADURA HA PERMANECIDO EL VIENTO RECIO DEL N AL NNOMUY GRUESA0000000226382
1794-09-12T13:0036.72-16.63343S78ºEGENERALES-20N1/4NEFUE CEDIENDO EL VIENTO Y CAYENDO SUCESIVAMENTE, LA MAR ALGO PICADAALGO PICADA0000000226383
1794-09-13T13:0036.80-15.50340N85ºEGENERALES-20N0000000226384
1794-09-14T13:0036.87-14.203372.6N87ºEGENERALES-20N1/4NOFLOXITOEN ESTA SINGLADURA EL TIEMPO HA ESTADO CLARO Y HERMOSO, LA MAR LLANA Y EL VIENTO FLOXITO DEL NLLANA0000000226385
1794-09-15T13:0036.87-13.631152.6N85ºEGENERALES-201º - 2º CUADRANTEVENTOLINAS CALMOSAS Y VARIASHASTA LAS 8 DE LA MAÑANA ESTUVIMOS LIDIANDO CON VENTOLINAS CALMOSAS Y VARIAS DEL PRIMERO Y SEGUNDO QUADRANTE PERO A LAS 9 HORAS SE ENTABLÓ FINALMENTE0000000226386
1794-09-16T13:0037.12-12.18205S79ºEGENERALES-20SO0000000226387
1794-09-17T13:0036.92-10.08250CABO DE SAN VICENTEE2ºN17S63ºEGENERALES-20OMUCHA CALIMA DEL HORIZONTE DEL E0010000226388
1794-09-18T13:0036.72-9.773182.6CABO SANTA MARÍAN76ºE58S82ºEGENERALES-20NNOCALMOSO Y VARIOEL VIENTO HA ESTADO CALMOSO Y VARIO.0000000226389
1794-09-19T13:0036.85-8.08318CÁDIZS78ºE24N78º3/4EGENERALES-20NNOANOCHECIÓ EL TIEMPO DE HERMOSAS APARIENCIAS, CIELO Y HORIZONTES CLAROS, VIENTO FRESQUITO DEL NNO0000000226390
1794-09-20T00:00270CÁDIZE1/4SE21S53ºELLEGADA A CÁDIZ.O0000000226391