García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Santa Elena cruise from Ferrol to Cartagena started at 1789-04-06 [dataset]. Archivo Museo Naval Madrid, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751936, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 37.767778 * Median Longitude: -4.748889 * South-bound Latitude: 36.030000 * West-bound Longitude: -12.780000 * North-bound Latitude: 41.970000 * East-bound Longitude: 2.310000
Date/Time Start: 1789-05-06T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1789-05-16T00:00:00
Event(s):
Santa_Elena_17890406_MS_1689 * Latitude Start: 43.470000 * Longitude Start: -8.460000 * Latitude End: 37.420000 * Longitude End: -0.980000 * Date/Time Start: 1789-05-06T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1789-05-16T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Santa Elena (Fragata), Voyage: Ferrol - Cartagena, 1st Observer: Fco. Antonio de Montes (Capitan)
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 10 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 11 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 12 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 13 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 14 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 15 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 16 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 17 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
182 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 10 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 11 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 12 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 13 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 14 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 15 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 16 ww (Weather description) | 17 State sea descr | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1789-05-06T13:00 | 41.97 | -12.68 | 24 | 9.3 | ONO | 99.00 | -21 | NE | FRESQUITO | ANOCHECIÓ CIELOS Y HORIZ. ACELAJADOS, MAR BUENA, VTO FRESQUITO (...) AMANECIÓ COMO ANOCHECIÓ. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 225979 | ||||||
| 1789-05-07T13:00 | 39.37 | -12.78 | 24 | SSO | 156.00 | -21 | NE | ANOCHECIÓ CLARO, LA MAR PICADA DEL VTO QUE ESTABA FRESCO (...) AMANECIÓ EL HORIZ. CALIMOSO, LA MAR PICADA DEL VTO, ÉSTE BASTANTE FUERTE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 225980 | ||||||||
| 1789-05-08T13:00 | 37.33 | -11.80 | 3 | SIERRAS DE MONCHIQUE | E 1/4 SE | S 1/4 SO | 131.00 | -20 | NNE | ANOCHECIÓ CIELO CLARO, HORIZ. CON CELAJ. CLARA, VTO BONANCIBLE (...) AMANECIÓ CIELOS Y HORIZ. CON CELAJ., POCA MAR DEL VTO, ESTE BONANCIBLE. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 225981 | ||||||
| 1789-05-09T12:00 | 36.53 | -7.40 | 292 | 6.7 | PUNTA DE SAGRES | N 22º E | SSO | 63.50 | -20 | NO 1/4 O | BONANCIBLE | ANOCHEC. CIELO Y HORIZ. CLAROS, MA LLANA, VTO BONANCIBLE (...) AMANEC. CIELOS Y HORIZ. OSCUROS, MAR LLANA, VTO BONANCIBLE. | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 225982 | |||
| 1789-05-10T00:00 | 180 | 4.6 | 1 | ESE 5º E | S | FLOJO | ANOCHEC. EL HORIZ. ATURBONADO, MAR LLANA, VTO FLOJO (...) AMANECIÓ LLOVIENDO, VTO BONANCIBLE | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 225983 | |||||||||
| 1789-05-11T12:00 | 36.03 | -4.22 | 183 | PUNTA DE EUROPA | ONO | 1 | SE 8º E | 26.00 | -20 | SSO | ANOCHEC. CIELO ACELAJADO, Y EL HORIZ. ACHUBASCADO, VTO FLOJO, MAR LLANA (...) AMANECIÓ CARGADO DE CELAJERÍA, VTO FRESCO, MAR PICADA DE ÉL. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 225984 | |||||
| 1789-05-12T12:00 | 36.93 | -0.70 | 254 | VERA | NO 1/4 N | 5 | 1 | E | 79.00 | -19 | O 1/4 NO | ANOCHEC. CIELOS Y HORIZ. CON CELAJ., VTO FRESCO (...) AMANECIÓ CLARO, VTO FRESCO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 225985 | ||||
| 1789-05-13T12:00 | 37.22 | 2.25 | 274 | LO MÁS E DE LA COSTA | NE 1/4 E | 7 | 1 | ENE 5º N | 35.00 | -19 | ONO | ANOCHEC. (...) MAR LLANA, VTO FLOJO, CIELO Y HORIZ. CLARO (...) AMANEC. VTO BONANCIBLE, MAR LLANA, CIELO Y HORIZ. CLARO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 225986 | ||||
| 1789-05-14T12:00 | 37.10 | 2.28 | 49 | MESA DE ROLDAN | N 1/4 NE | 10 | 1 | N | 10.00 | -19 | ENE | ANOCHEC. TODO CERRADO, VTO FRESCO, MAR PICADA DEL VTO (...) AMANEC. MÁS DESPEJADO, MAR PICADA DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 225987 | ||||
| 1789-05-15T12:00 | 37.43 | 2.31 | 206 | BOCA DE CARTAGENA | N5º O | 1 | N 8º O | 20.00 | -19 | SO | ANOCHEC. CIELO Y HORIZ. ACELAJADOS, VTO BONANCIBLE Y MAR LLANA (...) A LAS 10 UNA TURBONADA (...) BASTANTE VTO Y AGUA (...) AMANECIÓ CLARO POR EL 3º Y | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 225988 | |||||
| 1789-05-16T00:00 | 45 | 4.6 | 1 | QUEDAMOS AMARRADOS NE, SO (FIN DEL TRAYECTO. CONTINÚA LUEGO PARA NÁPOLES) | NE | FLOJO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 225989 |