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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during San Fernando cruise from Montevideo to La Coruña started at 1776-07-28 [dataset]. Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751874, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 4.059762 * Median Longitude: -29.744405 * South-bound Latitude: -35.720000 * West-bound Longitude: -54.220000 * North-bound Latitude: 43.800000 * East-bound Longitude: -8.360000
Date/Time Start: 1776-07-28T16:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1776-10-19T13:00:00
Event(s):
San_Fernando_17760728_CORREOS_193B_R8 * Latitude Start: -35.970000 * Longitude Start: -55.650000 * Latitude End: 43.360000 * Longitude End: -8.360000 * Date/Time Start: 1776-07-28T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1776-10-19T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: San Fernando (Paquebot), Voyage: Montevideo - La Coruña, 1st Observer: José de Merino (Capitan)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
10 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
11 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
12 Present weatherwwWeather description
13 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
14 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
15 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
16 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
17 FogFog1 If fog was reported
18 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
19 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
20 HailHail1 If hail was reported
21 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
22 CommentComment
23 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1273 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)

Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)

Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
10 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
11 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
12 
ww
(Weather description)
13 
Precip descr
14 
State sea descr
15 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
16 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
17 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
18 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
19 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
20 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
21 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
22 
Comment
23 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1776-07-28T16:00-35.72-54.22576.760.00PARTE DEL PUERTO DE MONTEVIDEO DE REGRESO AL DE LA CORUÑA15NE 1/4 NBONANCIBLELLANA0000000221288
1776-07-29T16:00-35.70-53.43186.738.0015N 1/4 NEBONANCIBLEGRUESA0000000221289
1776-07-30T16:00-35.40-52.651504.642.0015SEFLOJOCARGADOS NEBLINAPICADA0010000221290
1776-07-31T15:00-34.58-51.251464.6160.0014SE 1/4 EFLOJOCARGADOS CENICIENTOSLLUVIASPICADA0100000221291
1776-08-01T15:00-34.50-50.321729.347.0014SSEFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221292
1776-08-02T15:00-35.15-48.78569.386.0014NE 1/4 NFRESQUITOLLUVIASPICADA0100000221293
1776-08-03T15:00-34.37-46.3232716.3130.0012NOMUY FUERTEGRUESA0000000221294
1776-08-04T15:00-33.17-44.402376.7108.0012SOBONANCIBLEGRUESA0000000221295
1776-08-05T15:00-32.03-42.872356.790.0010SOBONANCIBLEGRUESA0000000221296
1776-08-06T15:00-30.53-42.671004.688.0010EFLOJOLLANA0000000221297
1776-08-07T15:00-28.93-42.62589.396.0010NE 1/4 EFRESQUITOLLANA0000000221298
1776-08-08T15:00-28.55-43.1010015.434.0010ERECIOCHUBASCOS DE LLUVIASPICADA0100000221299
1776-08-09T15:00-29.35-43.477815.456.0010ENERECIOLLUVIASGRUESA0100000221300
1776-08-10T15:00-30.17-43.125816.343.0010NE 1/4 EMUY FUERTEATURBONADOS TRUENOS Y RELÁMPAGOS AL AMANECERLLUVIAS INTENSAS AL AMANECERCRECIDA0100100a trivial correction was made in this observation221301
1776-08-11T15:00-30.25-41.883112.365.008NNEFRESCOGRUESA0000000221302
1776-08-12T15:00-30.50-40.25116.786.008N 1/4 NEBONANCIBLEPICADA0000000221303
1776-08-13T15:00-30.67-38.62119.384.008N 1/4 NEFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221304
1776-08-14T14:00-30.60-36.7799.396.006N 1/4 NEFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221305
1776-08-15T14:00-30.37-34.97615.495.006NFRESCACHÓNPICADA0000000221306
1776-08-16T14:00-30.37-33.30615.486.006NFRESCACHÓNPICADA0000000221307
1776-08-17T14:00-30.33-32.28612.353.003N 1/4 NEFRESCOPICADA0000000221308
1776-08-18T14:00-30.43-30.8769.374.003N 1/4 NEFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221309
1776-08-19T14:00-30.42-29.482612.372.003NNEFRESCOPICADA0000000221310
1776-08-20T14:00-30.47-28.2569.364.003N 1/4 NEFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221311
1776-08-21T14:00-29.95-27.623604.645.003N 1/4 NOFLOJOGRUESA0000000221312
1776-08-22T14:00-27.50-27.081589.3218.000SSEFRESQUITOPICADA0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation221313
1776-08-23T14:00-24.90-26.5013412.3179.00-1SEFRESCOCARGADOS DE MAL CARIZGRUESA0000000221314
1776-08-24T14:00-22.27-25.958812.3175.00-2EFRESCOPICADA0000000221315
1776-08-25T14:00-20.25-25.558512.3139.00-2E 1/4 NEFRESCOPICADA0000000221316
1776-08-26T14:00-18.98-25.52882.673.00-2ECALMOSOPICADA0000000221317
1776-08-27T14:00-17.40-25.57459.3105.00-3NE 1/4 EFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221318
1776-08-28T14:00-15.10-25.028412.3149.00-3E 1/4 NEFRESCOPICADA0000000221319
1776-08-29T14:00-12.35-24.278912.3174.00-4E 1/4 SEFRESCOPICADA0000000221320
1776-08-30T14:00-10.27-23.75899.3132.00-4E 1/4 SEFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221321
1776-08-31T14:00-8.07-23.101096.7138.00-4ESEBONANCIBLELLANA0000000221322
1776-09-01T14:00-5.78-22.75859.3136.00-5EFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221323
1776-09-02T13:00-3.52-22.28829.3141.00-8EFRESQUITOLLANA0000000221324
1776-09-03T13:00-1.12-21.471049.3135.00-9ESEFRESQUITOLLANA0000000221325
1776-09-04T13:000.35-21.321499.364.00-9SSEFRESQUITOLLANA0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation221326
1776-09-05T13:002.08-21.171496.7107.00-9SSEBONANCIBLELLANA0000000221327
1776-09-06T13:004.33-21.401709.3132.00-10SFRESQUITOLLANA0000000221328
1776-09-07T13:006.28-21.631709.3116.00-10SFRESQUITOLLANA0000000221329
1776-09-08T13:007.98-21.831926.7103.00-11SSOBONANCIBLELLANA0000000221330
1776-09-09T13:009.75-22.401929.3111.00-11SSOFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221331
1776-09-10T14:0011.10-22.982626.790.00-8OBONANCIBLELLANA0000000221332
1776-09-11T14:0012.25-23.252406.770.00-8OSOBONANCIBLELLANA0000000221333
1776-09-12T14:0011.97-23.033494.621.00-8N 1/4 NOFLOJOTURBONADA CON TRUENOS Y RELÁMPAGOSLLANA0100100221334
1776-09-13T14:0012.63-24.0021915.472.00-9SO 1/4 OFRESCACHÓNGRUESA0000000221335
1776-09-14T14:0012.68-24.201492.621.00-9SSECALMOSOLLANA0000000221336
1776-09-15T14:0013.18-24.783092.646.00-9NO 1/4 NCALMOSOPICADA0000000221337
1776-09-16T14:0014.38-26.683549.3132.00-9N 1/4 NEFRESQUITOLLANA0000000221338
1776-09-17T14:0015.75-28.523812.3150.00-7NEFRESCOPICADA0000000221339
1776-09-18T14:0018.83-30.353715.4176.00-8NEFRESCACHÓNPICADA0000000221340
1776-09-19T14:0020.33-31.834015.4168.00-8NE 1/4 EFRESCACHÓNPICADA0000000221341
1776-09-20T14:0022.92-32.924015.4181.00-8NE 1/4 EFRESCACHÓNPICADA0000000221342
1776-09-21T14:0024.78-33.706012.3156.00-8ENEDE ALTA VELAPICADA0000000221343
1776-09-22T14:0026.72-34.504012.3127.00-8NE 1/4 EDE ALTA VELAPICADA0000000221344
1776-09-23T14:0028.47-35.007712.3125.00-10E 1/4 NEDE ALTA VELALLANA0000000221345
1776-09-24T14:0029.72-35.15804.684.00-10EFLOJOPICADA0000000221346
1776-09-25T14:0031.80-34.038312.3139.00-10E 1/4 SEFRESCOPICADA0000000221347
1776-09-26T14:0033.45-32.621236.7125.00-12SEBONANCIBLELLANA0000000221348
1776-09-27T14:0034.75-31.182086.793.00-14SO 1/4 SBONANCIBLELLANA0000000221349
1776-09-28T14:0034.77-31.443012.617.00-14NOCALMOSOLLANA0000000221350
1776-09-29T14:0035.18-31.752112.650.00-14SOCALMOSOGRUESA0000000221351
1776-09-30T14:0036.33-31.072349.382.00-14OSOFRESQUITOLLANA0000000221352
1776-10-01T14:0038.53-31.607315.4212.00-17EFRESCACHÓNGRUESA0000000221353
1776-10-02T14:0039.95-31.65769.386.00-17E 1/4 SEFRESQUITOLLANA0000000221354
1776-10-03T14:0040.50-31.74736.721.00-17EBONANCIBLELLANA0000000221355
1776-10-04T14:0041.82-31.90969.387.00-17ESEFRESQUITOLLANA0000000221356
1776-10-05T14:0042.35-30.2311512.392.00-17SE 1/4 EFRESCOPICADA0000000221357
1776-10-06T14:0043.23-26.671639.3269.00-20S 1/4 SOFRESQUITOLLANA0000000221358
1776-10-07T14:0043.30-22.8320515.4181.00-20SOFRESCACHÓNPICADA0000000221359
1776-10-08T13:0043.40-19.0918215.4156.00-21SSOFRESCACHÓNPICADA0000000221360
1776-10-09T13:0043.80-18.231569.387.00-21S 1/4 SEFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221361
1776-10-10T13:0043.28-19.031569.339.00-21S 1/4 SEFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221362
1776-10-11T13:0043.63-19.394.646.00-21S 1/4 SFLOJOPICADA0000000221363
1776-10-12T13:0042.30-19.33682.626.00-19E 1/4 NECALMOSOPICADA0000000221364
1776-10-13T13:0042.37-19.312292.616.00-19OSOCALMOSOMÁS APACIBLE0000000221365
1776-10-14T13:0043.15-17.001822.6136.00-21SSOCALMOSOLLANA0000000221366
1776-10-15T13:0043.23-14.5818212.3118.00-21SSOFRESCOPICADA0000000221367
1776-10-16T13:0043.37-11.862979.3132.00-21NO 1/4 NFRESQUITOPICADA0000000221368
1776-10-17T13:0043.35-11.003424.648.00-21N 1/4 NEFLOJOGRUESA0000000221369
1776-10-18T13:0043.36-9.68242.6-21NECALMOSOLLANA0000000221370
1776-10-19T13:0043.36-8.3618212.31A LAS 11:30 HS ARRIBA AL PUERTO DE LA CORUÑA-21SSOFRESCOLLANA0000000221371