Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -8.621825 * Median Longitude: 13.130146 * South-bound Latitude: -40.520000 * West-bound Longitude: -31.200000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.480000 * East-bound Longitude: 104.500000

Date/Time Start: 1790-01-08T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1790-06-16T00:00:00

Event(s):

Royal_Charlotte_17900108_BL_L/MAR/B/150K * Latitude Start: 47.720000 * Longitude Start: -5.280000 * Latitude End: -6.670000 * Longitude End: 100.420000 * Date/Time Start: 1790-01-08T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1790-06-16T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Royal Charlotte, Voyage: Downs - Benkulen, Sumatra, 1st Observer: Josiah Pryce (Captain), Company: EIC

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Temperature, air	TTT	°C
7	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
8	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
9	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
10	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
11	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
12	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
13	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
14	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the (outside) air thermometer
15	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
17	Present weather	ww		Weather description
18	Precipitation description	Precip descr
19	State of the sea description	State sea descr
20	Clearness	Clearness
21	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
22	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
23	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
24	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
25	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
26	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
27	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
28	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

2899 data points

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