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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ROTTERDAM cruise from Rotterdam to Batavia started at 1847-11-07 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751806, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -9.099450 * Median Longitude: 22.864954 * South-bound Latitude: -42.020000 * West-bound Longitude: -28.930000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.630000 * East-bound Longitude: 105.300000
Date/Time Start: 1847-11-07T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1848-02-23T05:00:00
Event(s):
Rotterdam_18471107_B_REIS_8B_P112-140 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1847-11-07T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1848-02-23T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Rotterdam, Voyage: Rotterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: P. Vis (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
12 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
15 Present weatherwwWeather description
16 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
17 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
18 Cloud typeCloud type
19 ClearnessClearness
20 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
21 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
22 FogFog1 If fog was reported
23 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
24 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25 HailHail1 If hail was reported
26 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27 CommentComment
28 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1882 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

PPPP [hPa]

-

Watch

Glasses
10 
Decl [deg]
11 
Wind scale ref [#]
12 
Reading [arbitrary units]
13 
Wind dir descr
14 
Wind force descr
15 
ww
16 
Precip descr
17 
State sea descr
18 
Cloud type
19 
Clearness
20 
Gusts
21 
Rain
22 
Fog
23 
Snow
24 
Thunder
25 
Hail
26 
Sea ice
27 
Comment
28 
ID
1847-11-07T12:0051.633.7316012.31013.31VM8-20629.92Z6V000000000214170
1847-11-08T12:0051.331.752711.01005.11-22129.68WNW1V050000000214171
1847-11-09T12:0051.051.472262.61008.51-22229.78WZW2H000000000214172
1847-11-10T12:0050.650.771816.71024.51-22430.25ZZW4V050000000214173
1847-11-11T12:0050.50-0.372039.31021.41-22530.16ZW5V050000000214174
1847-11-12T12:0050.60-0.502484.61021.41-22330.16W3W001000000214175
1847-11-13T12:0050.10-1.5225922.61022.81-22930.20WTN9Z010000000214176
1847-11-14T12:0050.33-2.002486.71022.81-22430.20W4V040000000214177
1847-11-15T12:0050.23-2.452482.61020.71-22230.14W2V050000000214178
1847-11-16T12:0050.32-3.123132.61022.81-25230.20NNW2W001000000214179
1847-11-17T13:0048.35-7.50414.61022.8-27330.20ONO3V040000000214180
1847-11-18T13:0046.38-11.38894.61022.8-24330.20OZO3V010000000214181
1847-11-19T13:0043.87-13.65874.61016.0-26330.00OZO3V050000000214182
1847-11-20T13:0041.57-14.752694.61020.0-24330.12WNW3V040000000214183
1847-11-21T13:0039.02-15.633254.61020.7-24330.14NTW3H000000000214184
1847-11-22T13:0036.27-16.12236.71020.7-22430.14NO4H000000000214185
1847-11-23T13:0034.37-16.821131.01026.1-22130.30ZO1V010000000214186
1847-11-24T13:0032.33-18.471592.61020.0-21230.12Z2V010000000214187
1847-11-25T13:0031.10-17.721142.61018.7-21230.08ZO2H000000000214188
1847-11-26T13:0029.88-19.82244.61016.0-21330.00NO3H000000000214189
1847-11-27T13:0028.65-20.2824.61019.4-21330.10NNO3H000000000214190
1847-11-28T13:0025.57-21.25254.61019.4-20330.10NO3H000000000214191
1847-11-29T14:0022.87-22.62494.61019.4-19330.10ONO3W00V04H001000000214192
1847-11-30T14:0019.80-24.35724.61019.4-18330.10O3W00W211100000214193
1847-12-01T14:0017.02-26.17962.61026.1-17230.30OZO2W00W211100000214194
1847-12-02T14:0014.92-26.83734.61017.7-17330.05O3H000000000214195
1847-12-03T14:0012.83-25.68516.71017.7-17430.05ONO4V010000000214196
1847-12-04T14:0010.08-23.17524.61019.4-16330.10ONO3V040000000214197
1847-12-05T13:007.98-21.42959.31019.4-18530.10OZO5W01W21V011100000214198
1847-12-06T13:006.15-21.001414.61015.3-17329.98ZZO3V010000000214199
1847-12-07T13:004.87-21.432082.61009.2-17229.80ZW2H000000000214200
1847-12-08T14:004.57-22.521882.61012.6-15229.90ZZW2W00W211100000214201
1847-12-09T14:004.12-22.682104.61009.2-15329.80ZW3V030000000214202
1847-12-10T13:003.48-22.271634.61012.6-17329.90Z3H000000000214203
1847-12-11T14:002.98-22.571204.61012.6-15329.90ZO3W210100000214204
1847-12-12T13:002.38-19.431414.61012.6-17329.90ZZO3V030000000214205
1847-12-13T13:002.07-19.701184.61012.6-17329.90ZO3H000000000214206
1847-12-14T13:000.17-21.751184.61012.6-17329.90ZO3H000000000214207
1847-12-15T14:00-1.85-23.871206.71014.0-15429.94ZO4H000000000214208
1847-12-16T14:00-4.78-26.051216.71015.3-14429.98ZO4V040000000214209
1847-12-17T14:00-7.70-27.88794.61015.3-11329.98O3V010000000214210
1847-12-18T14:00-10.93-28.88794.61029.5-11330.40O3H000000000214211
1847-12-19T14:00-14.47-28.93584.61029.5-10330.40ONO3V010000000214212
1847-12-20T14:00-17.97-28.78364.61029.5-9330.40NO3H000000000214213
1847-12-21T14:00-21.00-27.13564.61016.0-12330.00ONO3H000000000214214
1847-12-22T14:00-24.12-25.17574.61016.0-11330.00ONO3W001000000214215
1847-12-23T14:00-27.00-22.88571.01014.0-11129.94ONO1H000000000214216
1847-12-24T13:00-29.45-20.85772.61014.0-13229.94O2V000000000214217
1847-12-25T13:00-30.85-19.55771.01016.0-13130.00O1H000000000214218
1847-12-26T13:00-32.32-19.421222.61016.0-13230.00ZO2V040000000214219
1847-12-27T13:00-33.55-18.85782.61016.0-12230.00O2H000000000214220
1847-12-28T13:00-33.70-16.8712015.41019.4-15730.10ZO7V010000000214221
1847-12-29T13:00-32.47-13.922991.01021.1-16130.15NW1V040000000214222
1847-12-30T13:00-33.10-13.90301.01021.1-15130.15NO1H000000000214223
1847-12-31T13:00-34.05-11.77274.61019.4-18330.10NO3V04H000000000214224
1848-01-01T13:00-35.52-8.3354.61022.8-18330.20NNO3H000000000214225
1848-01-02T12:00-36.58-4.6724.61022.8-21330.20NNO3H000000000214226
1848-01-03T12:00-37.42-0.972914.61019.4-24330.10NW3W21V040100000214227
1848-01-04T12:00-38.773.101784.61016.0-25330.00ZZW3V040000000214228
1848-01-05T12:00-39.037.422452.61016.0-25230.00W2V010000000214229
1848-01-06T11:00-39.109.952664.61019.4-27330.10WNW3V010000000214230
1848-01-07T11:00-39.5514.282414.61019.4-29330.10W3V040000000214231
1848-01-08T11:00-39.2518.701281.01014.3-30129.95ZZO1H000000000214232
1848-01-09T11:00-39.3321.451052.61012.6-30229.90ZO2H000000000214233
1848-01-10T10:00-38.6023.301042.61012.6-31229.90ZO2H000000000214234
1848-01-11T10:00-38.5723.721042.61012.6-31229.90ZO0, 2V040000000214235
1848-01-12T10:00-36.9524.731956.71004.8-30429.67ZW4V040000000214236
1848-01-13T10:00-37.8027.67372.61010.6-31229.84ONO0, 2V010000000214237
1848-01-14T10:00-38.5530.40374.61016.0-31330.00ONO3H000000000214238
1848-01-15T10:00-40.2232.55252.61015.0-31229.97NOTO2V050000000214239
1848-01-16T10:00-41.9534.853291.01015.0-31129.97N1Z020000000214240
1848-01-17T09:00-42.0238.122182.61009.9-30229.82WZW2Z010000000214241
1848-01-18T09:00-41.9539.532404.61006.2-30329.71W3H000000000214242
1848-01-19T09:00-40.8043.883542.61010.6-29229.84NNO2H000000000214243
1848-01-20T09:00-40.6046.203424.61010.6-29329.84NTO3Z010000000214244
1848-01-21T09:00-40.3750.231526.71007.2-28429.74Z4V04H000000000214245
1848-01-22T08:00-39.9254.451532.61004.5-27229.66Z2V030000000214246
1848-01-23T08:00-38.6558.971544.61031.9-26330.47Z3W00W211100000214247
1848-01-24T08:00-37.7862.201542.61014.3-26229.95Z2V040000000214248
1848-01-25T08:00-36.5265.7518319.01009.9-20829.82ZZW8V04H000000000214249
1848-01-26T07:00-35.1369.981614.61012.6-19329.90Z3W00V011000000214250
1848-01-27T07:00-34.9274.27954.61016.0-18330.00OZO3V010000000214251
1848-01-28T07:00-33.9376.50274.61019.4-18330.10NO3H000000000214252
1848-01-29T07:00-35.6378.43394.61012.6-17329.90NOTO3V010000000214253
1848-01-30T07:00-37.1281.8764.61012.6-17329.90NNO3H000000000214254
1848-01-31T06:00-38.2785.25254.61012.6-20329.90NO3V050000000214255
1848-02-01T06:00-38.9786.973182.61005.8-20229.70NNW2V04H000000000214256
1848-02-02T06:00-38.7288.801392.61004.1-19229.65ZZO2V000000000214257
1848-02-03T06:00-37.1590.153464.61009.2-14329.80N3H000000000214258
1848-02-04T06:00-36.7290.252342.61009.2-14229.80WZW2V040000000214259
1848-02-05T06:00-35.6890.93764.61009.2-14329.80O3H000000000214260
1848-02-06T06:00-33.4591.873124.61005.8-14329.70NWTN3H000000000214261
1848-02-07T06:00-31.9592.472822.61014.3-11229.95WNW2H000000000214262
1848-02-08T06:00-30.1393.721704.61016.0-10330.00Z3H000000000214263
1848-02-09T06:00-27.8295.051702.61019.4-10230.10Z2H000000000214264
1848-02-10T06:00-26.2096.902071.01019.4-7130.10ZWTZ1V010000000214265
1848-02-11T05:00-25.8597.67844.61014.6-6329.96O3H000000000214266
1848-02-12T05:00-22.8898.381074.61016.0-6330.00OZO3H000000000214267
1848-02-13T05:00-19.7598.551094.61016.0-4330.00OZO5-3H000000000214268
1848-02-14T05:00-16.63100.821334.61018.0-2330.06ZO3V010000000a trivial correction was made in this observation214269
1848-02-15T05:00-12.97102.171334.61018.0-2330.06ZO3V040000000214270
1848-02-16T05:00-10.28102.171354.61019.40330.10ZO3H000000000214271
1848-02-17T05:00-8.03102.67452.61011.60229.87NO2V010000000214272
1848-02-18T05:00-6.90102.6010.01011.61029.87N0H000000000214273
1848-02-19T05:00-6.53102.932940.01011.61029.87WNW0V04H000000000214274
1848-02-20T05:00-6.18103.67916.71016.01430.00O4V010000000214275
1848-02-21T05:00-6.55104.252261.01016.01130.00ZW1H000000000214276
1848-02-22T05:00-6.35104.132711.01016.01130.00W1W210100000214277
1848-02-23T05:00-6.43105.302264.61016.011330.00ZW3H000000000214278