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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ROTTERDAM cruise from Rotterdam to Batavia started at 1846-05-25 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751804, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -8.077879 * Median Longitude: 8.572828 * South-bound Latitude: -39.600000 * West-bound Longitude: -36.680000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.180000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1846-05-25T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1846-09-01T05:00:00
Event(s):
Rotterdam_18460525_B_REIS_8B_P112-140 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1846-05-25T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1846-09-01T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Rotterdam, Voyage: Rotterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: P. Vis (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
11 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
15 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
17 Present weatherwwWeather description
18 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
19 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
20 Cloud typeCloud type
21 ClearnessClearness
22 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
23 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
24 FogFog1 If fog was reported
25 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
26 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
27 HailHail1 If hail was reported
28 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
29 CommentComment
30 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1658 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

PPPP [hPa]

Landmark

Bearing

-
10 
Watch
11 
Glasses
12 
Decl [deg]
13 
Wind scale ref [#]
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
15 
Wind dir descr
16 
Wind force descr
17 
ww
18 
Precip descr
19 
State sea descr
20 
Cloud type
21 
Clearness
22 
Gusts
23 
Rain
24 
Fog
25 
Snow
26 
Thunder
27 
Hail
28 
Sea ice
29 
Comment
30 
ID
1846-05-25T00:003152.6DUNGENES VURENZW1VM82NW2H010000000213969
1846-05-26T12:0050.07-1.953151.01VM8-231NNW1H010000000213970
1846-05-27T12:0050.18-2.153154.61VM8-233NNW3H000000000213971
1846-05-28T12:0049.63-5.25764.6VM8-253OTZ3V04H000000000213972
1846-05-29T13:0047.62-8.50862.6VM8-272OZO2W001000000213973
1846-05-30T13:0044.83-11.751114.6-243ZO3H000000000213974
1846-05-31T13:0043.43-12.95644.6-263O3V050000000213975
1846-06-01T13:0041.55-14.08100.01013.3-24029.92NOTN0H000000000213976
1846-06-02T13:0040.10-14.73322.61019.0-24230.09NOTO2V040000000213977
1846-06-03T13:0039.50-14.82890.01022.4-24030.19OZO0H000000000213978
1846-06-04T13:0038.97-14.503621.01021.7-24130.17ROND1H000000000213979
1846-06-05T13:0038.63-14.472011.01018.4-24130.07ZW1V040000000213980
1846-06-06T13:0038.15-13.780.01017.7-24030.050H000000000213981
1846-06-07T13:0038.07-13.732911.01019.7-24130.11NW1V000000000213982
1846-06-08T13:0037.22-14.4512.61019.7-22230.11NNO2V040000000213983
1846-06-09T13:0035.42-15.90121.01019.7-22130.11NOTN1V040000000213984
1846-06-10T13:0034.00-17.30231.01019.7-22130.11NO1H000000000213985
1846-06-11T13:0032.37-18.50131.01019.7-21130.11NOTN1H000000000213986
1846-06-12T13:0030.17-19.373174.61022.4-21330.19NNW3V040000000213987
1846-06-13T13:0027.48-20.082951.01018.0-20130.06NW1V040000000213988
1846-06-14T13:0025.30-21.4732.61018.0-20230.06NNO2V040000000213989
1846-06-15T14:0023.62-22.6542.61019.4-19230.10NNO2V050000000213990
1846-06-16T14:0021.17-24.1751.01019.0-18130.09NNO1V060000000213991
1846-06-17T14:0018.33-25.00724.61019.0-18330.09O3V050000000213992
1846-06-18T14:0015.68-26.20622.61019.0-17230.09OTN2V050000000213993
1846-06-19T14:0013.47-25.07514.61016.0-17330.00ONO3H000000000213994
1846-06-20T14:0010.37-23.32972.6-162OZO2V040000000213995
1846-06-21T14:009.20-23.27852.6-162OTZ2V010000000213996
1846-06-22T14:008.58-22.82744.6-163O3V040000000213997
1846-06-23T14:007.75-23.051644.6-163Z3W001000000213998
1846-06-24T13:007.52-21.081514.6-183ZTO3W00W201100000213999
1846-06-25T13:007.02-19.581184.6-173NW-ZO3V010000000214000
1846-06-26T13:006.82-16.951842.6-192ZZW2W21Z010100000214001
1846-06-27T13:005.55-15.451614.6-193Z3V040000000214002
1846-06-28T13:004.68-16.181842.6-192ZZW2V010000000214003
1846-06-29T13:003.23-17.731411.0-171ZZO1H000000000214004
1846-06-30T13:001.45-20.401522.6-172ZTOPASSAATWINDH000000000214005
1846-07-01T14:000.00-22.531311.0-151ZOTZ1H000000000214006
1846-07-02T14:00-1.47-24.701432.6-152ZZO2V040000000214007
1846-07-03T14:00-3.77-26.571212.6-142ZO2V040000000214008
1846-07-04T14:00-6.47-28.601134.6-113ZOTO3W01W211100000214009
1846-07-05T14:00-9.58-30.221364.6-103ZOTZ3V050000000214010
1846-07-06T14:00-11.67-31.021364.6-103ZOTZ3V010000000214011
1846-07-07T14:00-13.85-31.831254.6-103ZO3V030000000214012
1846-07-08T14:00-16.00-32.571189.3-65ZOTO5W001000000214013
1846-07-09T14:00-18.93-33.571404.6-63ZOTZ3W001000000214014
1846-07-10T14:00-20.93-35.151074.6-63OZO3H000000000214015
1846-07-11T14:00-22.67-36.681314.6-43ZO3V010000000214016
1846-07-12T14:00-22.13-35.67952.6-62OTZ2V050000000214017
1846-07-13T14:00-24.50-36.251092.6-42OZO2H000000000214018
1846-07-14T14:00-25.82-36.331092.61026.1-4230.30OZO2V040000000214019
1846-07-15T14:00-26.77-35.93644.61027.5-4330.34ONO3V040000000214020
1846-07-16T14:00-28.90-34.35654.61028.9-3330.38ONO3V010000000214021
1846-07-17T14:00-30.47-32.053544.61029.5-6330.40N3H000000000214022
1846-07-18T14:00-32.12-28.823326.71029.5-6430.40NNW4W001000000214023
1846-07-19T14:00-33.52-24.371616.71029.5-8430.40ZTO4V040000000214024
1846-07-20T13:00-33.58-20.151234.61026.1-12330.30ZO3W01W211100000214025
1846-07-21T13:00-31.85-17.931009.31030.9-13530.44OZO5V010000000214026
1846-07-22T13:00-33.35-18.22332.61032.9-12230.50NO2V040000000214027
1846-07-23T13:00-34.10-18.202922.61031.2-12230.45NWTW2H000000000214028
1846-07-24T13:00-34.90-15.403004.61027.8-15330.35NW3W00W201100000214029
1846-07-25T13:00-35.13-11.532524.61026.1-18330.30W3V050000000214030
1846-07-26T13:00-35.23-8.333204.61026.1-18330.30NNW3V030000000214031
1846-07-27T12:00-35.98-6.72472.61026.1-21230.30ONO2W00W201100000214032
1846-07-28T12:00-36.52-3.832419.01026.1-21830.30NO8W001000000214033
1846-07-29T12:00-37.850.833276.71011.9-22429.88NTW4W20V040100000214034
1846-07-30T12:00-38.625.222901.01010.6-25129.84NW1V030000000214035
1846-07-31T11:00-39.077.622664.61010.6-27329.84WNW3V060000000214036
1846-08-01T11:00-38.8814.321972.6992.3-28229.30ZW2V130000000214037
1846-08-02T11:00-38.3517.521731.01015.6-30129.99ZZW1V040000000214038
1846-08-03T11:00-38.8217.582852.61015.6-30229.99NW2V050000000214039
1846-08-04T11:00-38.9819.4730812.3995.0-30629.38NNW6V130000000214040
1846-08-05T10:00-39.5024.623086.71001.1-30429.56NNW4V050000000214041
1846-08-06T10:00-39.6027.8732919.01001.1-31829.56N8H010000000214042
1846-08-07T10:00-39.0232.8230719.01001.1-31829.56NNW8V050000000214043
1846-08-08T09:00-39.1237.532744.61013.3-30329.92NWTW3W21V040100000214044
1846-08-09T09:00-38.6341.851054.61014.6-30329.96ZO3V010000000214045
1846-08-10T09:00-38.0046.173094.61023.4-29330.22NNW3H010000000214046
1846-08-11T09:00-37.9249.083106.71020.7-28430.14NNW4V040000000214047
1846-08-12T08:00-37.0154.2429212.31024.1-23630.24NW6W00V051000000214048
1846-08-13T08:00-36.4859.682721.01023.4-21130.22WNW1V04H000000000214049
1846-08-14T08:00-37.0464.192736.71007.5-20429.75WNW4W01W211100000214050
1846-08-15T07:00-34.9968.882174.61004.5-19329.66ZWTW3V010000000214051
1846-08-16T07:00-33.4872.821859.31010.9-18529.85ZZW5W00, W42 IN ZW261000110214052
1846-08-17T07:00-33.4574.3820730.91010.9-181129.85ZW11W001000000214053
1846-08-18T07:00-32.8280.611864.61016.0-17330.00ZZW3V030000000214054
1846-08-19T06:00-32.3484.122142.61019.4-11230.10ZW2H000000000214055
1846-08-20T06:00-31.6087.262142.61026.8-11230.32ZW2V040000000214056
1846-08-21T06:00-30.9490.141582.61026.1-11230.30ZTO2V000000000214057
1846-08-22T06:00-29.8492.753052.61026.1-10230.30NW2H000000000214058
1846-08-23T06:00-28.3593.973052.61024.1-10230.24NW2H000000000214059
1846-08-24T06:00-27.4294.532184.61024.1-7330.24ZW3H000000000214060
1846-08-25T06:00-25.7497.291179.31019.4-7530.10ZOTO5V040000000214061
1846-08-26T05:00-22.1699.991209.31022.8-4530.20ZOTO5W001000000214062
1846-08-27T05:00-18.48101.2110930.91021.7-41130.17OZO11W021000000214063
1846-08-28T05:00-15.09102.4711130.91016.0-21130.00OZO11Z01V050000000214064
1846-08-29T05:00-12.96102.9511112.31015.3-2629.98OZO6V040000000214065
1846-08-30T05:00-10.48103.54902.61015.30229.98O2W001000000214066
1846-08-31T05:00-7.50104.501464.61015.30329.98ZOTZ3H000000000214067
1846-09-01T05:00-6.10106.86110000000a trivial correction was made in this observation214068