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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during RELIANCE cruise from Port Jackson to Cape of Good Hope started at 1796-09-30 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751726, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -47.248654 * Median Longitude: -57.483462 * South-bound Latitude: -57.920000 * West-bound Longitude: -139.200000 * North-bound Latitude: -33.880000 * East-bound Longitude: 17.130000
Date/Time Start: 1796-11-25T21:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1797-01-15T11:00:00
Event(s):
Reliance_17960930_NMM_ADM/L/R79B * Latitude Start: -33.870000 * Longitude Start: 151.370000 * Latitude End: -33.670000 * Longitude End: 17.900000 * Date/Time Start: 1796-11-25T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1797-01-15T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Reliance (Armed Storeship), Voyage: Port Jackson Australia - Cape Of Good Hope, 1st Observer: John Hunter (Captain), 2nd Observer: Matthew Flinders (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 10G 394BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
14 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
16 Current speed descriptionV descr
17 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
18 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
19 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
20 ClearnessClearness
21 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
22 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
23 FogFog1 If fog was reported
24 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
25 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
26 HailHail1 If hail was reported
27 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
28 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1069 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
14 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
15 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
16 
V descr
17 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
18 
Precip descr
19 
State sea descr
20 
Clearness
21 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
22 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
23 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
24 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
25 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
26 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
27 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
28 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1796-11-25T21:00-47.18-139.202782.613.9CAPE HORNS79E909E19S143.00857.00WBS, WBS, WMODERATE BREEZES, THEN LIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY THEN HAZY0000000208718
1796-11-26T21:00-47.87-136.153472.68.9CAPE HORNS79E867E19S125.00948.00WNW, NW, NNWLIGHT BREEZESDRIZZLING RAINCLOUDY THEN HAZY0100000208719
1796-11-27T21:00-48.20-134.182572.612.2CAPE HORNS79:30E835E18S78.00954.00W, WBS, WSWLIGHT BREEZESDRIZZLING RAINCLOUDY THEN HAZY0100000208720
1796-11-28T21:00-48.40-131.6217719.08.1CAPE HORNS79:30E832S78E110.00846.50WSW, VARIABLE, SBELIGHT BREEZES THEN FRESH GALES AND BREEZESCLOUDY WITH HAZE0000000208721
1796-11-29T21:00-48.33-130.052676.77.4CAPE HORNS79E812E4N58.00845.25SBE, VARIABLE, WBSFRESH BREEZES, LATER MODERATECLOUDY0000000208722
1796-11-30T20:00-49.05-126.522789.38.9CAPE HORNS79E734E17S148.00848.00WBN, NWBN, WFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000208723
1796-12-01T20:00-49.63-122.602229.39.2E16S160.00848.50WBN, SWBSMODERATE BREEZES, AM SQUALLY, FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000208724
1796-12-02T20:00-50.12-119.222226.79.0CAPE HORNS79:30E588E16S132.00848.25SSW, SWBSFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY, AM MODERATEFINE0000000208725
1796-12-03T20:00-50.60-116.203132.612.8CAPE HORNS79:30E595E17S115.00955.00W, NWBWLIGHT BREEZESFINE0000000208726
1796-12-04T19:00-51.45-112.4733615.49.6E17S174.001049.25NW, NWBNFRESH BREEZES, AN MODERATE GALESHAZY0000000208727
1796-12-05T19:00-52.62-107.902839.38.6E17S176.001347.50W, WSW, WFRESH BREEZESDRIZLING RAINCLOUDY THEN HAZY0100000208728
1796-12-06T19:00-53.32-103.922296.76.9CAPE HORNS83E422E17S144.001544.50WED, SWBSSTRONG BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZESHAZY0000000208729
1796-12-07T19:00-54.37-99.672989.310.6CAPE HORNS85E371E19S156.001751.00SWBS, WBNFRESH BREEZESHAZY0000000208730
1796-12-08T18:00-55.12-95.2527822.66.1CAPE HORNS87E321E10S157.001943.00WBN, VARIABLE, WBSFRESH BREEZES, AM STRONG GALES AND SQUALLYCLOUDY0000000208731
1796-12-09T18:00-55.48-90.553146.77.9CAPE HORNE263E17S163.002146.25WBS, WNWFRESH BREEZE, MODERATE BREEZESLONG FOLLOWING SEATHICK HAZY0000000208732
1796-12-10T18:00-56.48-88.432246.75.3CAPE HORNN87E235S70E74.002141.50NNW, WBN, SSWLIGHT AIRS, MODERATE BREEZESTHICK AND FOGGY0010000208733
1796-12-11T18:00-56.82-83.5827019.07.8E7S151.002246.00W, WNW, WSWLIGHT BREEZES, FRESH BREEZES THEN FRESH GALESFOLLOWING SEAFINE THEN CLOUDY0000000208734
1796-12-12T17:00-57.07-79.2229315.410.4CAPE HORNN81E134E7S143.002350.75WBS, WFRESH GALES, AM MODERATE GALESFINE THEN CLOUDY0000000208735
1796-12-13T17:00-57.53-74.3756.77.2CAPE HORNN68E83E6S135.002745.00W, NWBN, NNWMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000208736
1796-12-14T17:00-57.92-70.483629.38.3E8S160.002747.00NW, VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESTHICK HAZY THEN CLOUDY0000000208737
1796-12-15T16:00-55.68-66.472609.37.8TERRA DEL FUEGOWBN1/2N - NWBN8N38E124.002446.00SWBS, SWBWESTRONGFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY THEN FINE0000000208738
1796-12-16T16:00-55.63-63.2729.36.9E2S90.002444.50SW, NW, N, NNWLIGHT AIRS THEN FRESH BREEZESFINE0000000208739
1796-12-17T16:00-55.98-61.2316.7CAPE PEMBROKEN43E84S79E58.002344.00NBW, NNWSTRONG BREEZE, THEN STRONG GALES, LATER SQUALLYRAINHAZY0100000208740
1796-12-18T16:00-55.43-59.202936.77.2N33E67.002345.00WBS, WBS, WGALE THEN LIGHT AIRS, MODERATEFINE0000000208741
1796-12-19T16:00-53.47-57.283026.78.9CAPE PEMBROKEN10E33N24E127.002148.00WBN, WBS, WBNFRESH BREEZES, STRONG BREEZES THEN MODERATECLOUDY0000000208742
1796-12-20T16:00-52.00-54.153359.39.9CAPE PEMBROKEN84W33N53E134.002049.75NW, WSW, WBN, NWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000208743
1796-12-21T15:00-51.43-51.002666.77.8N64E124.001846.00NW, WNW, WSWSTRONG BREEZES THEN FRESH BREEZES, MODERATE BREEZESSMALL RAINCLOUDY0100000208744
1796-12-22T15:00-50.50-48.92189.37.2N62E121.001845.00SW, WNW, NNW, NFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000208745
1796-12-23T15:00-49.95-46.832969.37.2CAPE PEMBROKES73W133N27E47.001545.00NBE, VARIABLE, WNW, WBNFRESH BREEZES, AM FRESH GALES, THEN FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WITH HAZE0000000208746
1796-12-24T15:00-48.05-44.3027422.612.8GOUGHS ISLANDN73E516N34E158.001555.00W, SW, WSW, WBSFRESH BREEZES THEN STRONG GALES AND SQUALLYCLOUDY, TOLERABLY FINE0000000208747
1796-12-25T15:00-46.75-42.4534919.010.4N45E112.001150.75WSW, WBN, NWBN, NNWFRESH GALES, MODERATE BREEZES, THEN FRESH BREEZES, FRESH GALESCLOUDY, THEN THICK AND HAZY0000000208748
1796-12-26T15:00-46.72-40.602146.78.6GOUGHS ISLANDN77E472N68E64.001147.50NNW, VARIABLE, SWBW, SSWFRESH GALES THEN HARD GALES, THEN MORE MODERATETHICK AND HAZY0010000208749
1796-12-27T15:00-46.63-38.752219.08.5GOUGHS ISLANDN74E446E2S77.001147.33SW, NBE, NNE, NBEMODERATE THEN STRONG BREEZES, THEN FRESH GALESSMALL RAINTHICK AND HAZY0100000208750
1796-12-28T14:00-45.75-36.2831215.412.8N53:30E116.00855.00N, NW, NWBWENOT SO STRONGFRESH GALES THEN MODERATE GALESHAZY0000000208751
1796-12-29T14:00-44.37-33.193239.39.7GOUGHS ISLANDN78E368N53:30E139.00849.50NW, VARIABLE, W, NWSTRONG GALES, AM FRESH GALES, THEN FRESH BREEZESSMALL RAINCLOUDY THEN FINE WITH HAZE0100000208752
1796-12-30T14:00-43.02-30.102649.312.2GOUGHS ISLANDN80E311N51E165.00554.00NW, WBN, WBSFRESH BREEZESDARK CLOUDY AND FINE0000000208753
1796-12-31T14:00-41.75-27.502859.314.2GOUGHS ISLANDN84E274N56:30E141.00457.50WSW, WBNFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYFINE0000000208754
1797-01-01T14:00-41.10-24.7332612.315.3GOUGHS ISLANDN86E231N70E122.00059.50WNW, WBS, NWBNLIGHT BREEZES, SQUALLY THEN STRONG BREEZES AND SQUALLYRAIN AT TIMESFINE0100000208755
1797-01-02T13:00-40.58-21.052561.013.9GOUGHS ISLANDN89E188N80E150.00-357.00NW, WBSFRESH BREEZES, LIGHT AIRSFINE0000000208756
1797-01-03T13:00-40.10-17.652909.317.8GOUGHS ISLANDE2S126N79E158.00-364.00W, WNWFRESH BREEZESFAIR THEN FINE0000000208757
1797-01-04T13:00-39.20-12.7519719.014.7TRISTAN DACUNHAN8E41N74E183.00-658.50NW, WSW, SSWFRESH GALESRAINYFINE0100000208758
1797-01-05T13:00-38.07-10.0720515.412.2CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN81E449N72E190.00-954.00SWBS, SWBSMODERATE GALES, AM FRESH GALES, THEN MODERATE GALESFINE THEN CLOUDY0000000208759
1797-01-06T12:00-38.12-7.282022.614.2E5S126.00-1257.50SSW, SWBSFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY AT TIMES, AM LIGHT BREEZESFINE0000000208760
1797-01-07T12:00-38.10-3.942819.317.8CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN77E356E1N125.00-1264.00SWBW, WNW, NNW, WNWLIGHT BREEZES, AM FRESH GALES, THEN FRESH BREEZESRAINTHICK CLOUD, THEN CLOUDY WITH HAZE0100000208761
1797-01-08T12:00-38.22-0.602896.718.9CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN75:30E300E153.00-1566.00WNW, NWBWFRESH BREEZES THEN MODERATECLOUDY WITH HAZE THEN FINE0000000208762
1797-01-09T12:00-38.172.8633115.419.2E1N180.00-1866.50NW, NNW, NBWFRESH BREEZES, THEN MODERATE GALEDRIZZLING RAINFINE THEN THICK HAZE0100000208763
1797-01-10T12:00-37.776.322756.716.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN71E187N83E139.00-1862.00NBW, WNWFRESH GALES THEN LIGHT BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000208764
1797-01-11T11:00-37.007.923496.718.9CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN72E161N62E77.50-2266.00WED, WBS, VARIABLE, NBELIGHT AIRS THEN MODERATEFINE0000000208765
1797-01-12T11:00-35.9210.753386.720.8CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN75E112N62E141.00-2269.50NMODERATE BREEZEFINE THEN CLEAR0000000208766
1797-01-13T11:00-35.5312.233271.022.2CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN76E89N67E50.00-2272.00N, VARIABLE, NBWMODERATE THEN LIGHT AIRSFINE0000000208767
1797-01-14T11:00-34.5014.822919.321.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPEE0:20N44N23E124.00-2469.75NNW, NWLIGHT AIRS THEN FRESH BREEZESFINE THEN CLOUDY THEN FINE0000000208768
1797-01-15T11:00-33.8817.1315612.320.0LOONS HEADESE5N77E114.00-2468.00SW, VARIABLE, SFRESH BREEZES THEN STRONG BREEZESFINE0000000208769