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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during RELIANCE cruise from Plymouth to Rio de Janeiro started at 1795-02-17 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751723, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 9.047463 * Median Longitude: -22.368955 * South-bound Latitude: -23.330000 * West-bound Longitude: -41.450000 * North-bound Latitude: 48.370000 * East-bound Longitude: -6.830000
Date/Time Start: 1795-02-17T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1795-05-02T15:00:00
Event(s):
Reliance_17950217_NMM_ADM/L/R73 * Latitude Start: 50.299000 * Longitude Start: -4.150000 * Latitude End: -23.370000 * Longitude End: -43.120000 * Date/Time Start: 1795-02-17T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1795-05-02T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Reliance (Armed Storeship), Voyage: Plymouth - Rio De Janeiro, 1st Observer: John Hunter (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 10G 394BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Present weatherwwWeather description
15 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
16 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1261 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
14 
ww
(Weather description)
15 
Precip descr
16 
State sea descr
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
19 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
20 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
21 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
22 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
23 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
24 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
25 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1795-02-17T12:0048.37-6.838922.6DOWN CHANNELS33W117.00-24EBS, ESEFRESH BREEZES, AM STIFF GALESCLEAR0000000208518
1795-02-18T13:0047.08-10.1718022.6LIZARDN40E53S53W127.00-23E, SSWSTIFF GALESCLOUDY0000000208519
1795-02-19T13:0045.22-10.70906.7MADEIRAS17W259S27W126.00-23SE, ESEMODERATECLEAR0000000208520
1795-02-20T13:0043.92-12.95896.7MADEIRAS17W236S45W91.00-24ESELIGHT BREEZES THEN SQUALLS, THEN MODERATELIGHT SHOWERS OF RAINCLEAR1100000208521
1795-02-21T13:0043.73-12.6331422.6MADEIRAS13W224S70W33.00-24VARIABLE, N, NNWSTRONG GALES0000000208522
1795-02-22T13:0042.82-13.383029.3MADEIRAS14W206S4W51.00-24NWBNFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYRAIN0100000208523
1795-02-23T13:0041.17-13.632829.3MADEIRAS18:00W175SBW101.00-22WBN, NWBWFRESH BREEZESHEAVY SQUALLS OF HAIL AND RAINCLOUDY1100110208524
1795-02-24T13:0040.63-13.9019222.6MADEIRAS15W161S21W35.00-22NWBW, VARIABLE, SWBSMODERATE THEN STRONG GALES AND SQUALLYHEAVY RAINCLOUDY0100000208525
1795-02-25T13:0040.28-13.5822619.0MADEIRAS17W156S18W22.00-22NWBN, S, VARIABLE, SBE, WSWLIGHT AIRS, AM MODERATE, THEN FRESH GALESRAINCLOUDY0100000208526
1795-02-26T13:0039.53-13.1527122.6MADEIRAS21:40W145S4W46.00-22VARIABLE, WNW, WBN, WNWLIGHT BREEZES AND SQUALLY, AM STRONG GALESCLOUDY0000000208527
1795-02-27T13:0038.77-12.7230412.3MADEIRAS27W133S21E50.00-22W, SBW, NBW, NWBNSTRONG GALES, THEN HEAVY GALES AND SQUALLY, THEN STRONG BREEZESRAINHAZY0100100208528
1795-02-28T13:0037.15-13.32306MADEIRAS30:30W100S28W110.00-20NBW, NW, NWBNSTIFF BREEZESCLOUDY0000000208529
1795-03-01T13:0036.15-13.883182.6MADEIRAS32W87S24W66.00-20NNWLIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000208530
1795-03-02T13:0034.43-14.10936.7MADEIRAS47W57S8:30W104.00-20EBS, ESELIGHT WINDS, THEN MODERATERAINCLEAR0100000208531
1795-03-03T13:0031.97-14.471396.7SALVAGESS38W39S17W153.00-19SE, SSEMODERATEPLEASANT0000000208532
1795-03-04T13:0029.35-15.47719.3SANTA CRUZS40W23S21W154.00-19EMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000208533
1795-03-13T13:0028.03-16.332516.7ST ANTHONYS37:30W271S7W37.00-19SW, N, SEBE, WLIGHT BREEZES, AM LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM, THEN MODERATEHAZY AND DULL HAZY0000000208534
1795-03-14T13:0027.12-16.252306.7ST ANTHONYS38:30W255S7W-18WBS, VARIABLE, WSWMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000208535
1795-03-15T13:0027.55-16.482061.0PEAK OF TENERIFFENBE1/2ES7W-19WBS, VARIABLE, SWINCLINABLE TO CALM, AM LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000208536
1795-03-16T13:0027.50-17.65308GOMERANE12S7W-18SWBW, SBW, WBN, NWBNLIGHT BREEZES, AM STIFF BREEZESRAINCLEAR0100100208537
1795-03-17T13:0025.12-19.3239ST ANTHONYS32W192S39W167.00-17N, NEBESTIFF BREEZECLOUDY0000000208538
1795-03-18T13:0023.03-20.7839ST ANTHONYS32:30W139SW1/2S158.00-17NNE, NE, NEBEFRESH WIND THEN STIFF BREEZESCLEAR0000000208539
1795-03-19T13:0021.15-22.254122.6ST ANTHONYS31W93SW1/2S146.00-15NEBESTIFF GALESCLOUDY0000000208540
1795-03-20T14:0019.18-24.0342ST ANTHONYS33W47SW1/2S142.00-14NEBESTIFF GALES THEN STIFF BREEZESCLOUDY0000000208541
1795-03-21T14:0017.42-25.72449.3ST ANTHONYSBWS39W136.00-12NEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000208542
1795-03-22T14:0015.97-25.87112.6S10W90.00-12ESE, VARIABLE, NNEFRESH RADE, AM LIGHT BREEZES VARIABLEHAZY, AM CLOUDY0000000208543
1795-03-23T14:0014.38-25.57336.7EQUATOR (LONG 23W)S10E293S14W97.00-12NNE, NELIGHT BREEZES, AM MODERATECLOUDY0000000208544
1795-03-24T14:0012.90-24.77336.7EQUATOR (LONG 23W)S7:45W261S22E96.00-12NEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000208545
1795-03-25T14:0010.90-23.7710212.3EQUATOR (LONG 23W)S4E219S31E140.00-11ESEFRESH TRADECLOUDY0000000208546
1795-03-26T14:008.72-22.803412.3EQUATOR (LONG 23W)S1W175S28E149.00-11NEFRESH TRADECLOUDY0000000208547
1795-03-27T13:006.60-22.28226.7ISLE OF TRINDADAS15:30W560S10E127.00-12NEBNMODERATECLOUDY0000000208548
1795-03-28T13:004.67-21.92339.3ISLE OF TRINDADAS17:30W528S9E117.00-12NEFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000208549
1795-03-29T13:003.60-21.653482.6TRINIDADAS17:30W508S8E64.00-12NNE, NLIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000208550
1795-03-30T13:002.93-21.603621.0TRINIDADAS19W496S8E41.00-12N, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMFLYING SHOWERSCLEAR THE CLOUDY1000000208551
1795-03-31T13:002.18-21.473491.0TRINIDADAS20W482S10E45.00-11SW, NLIGHT AIRS VARIABLE AND CALMHEAVY SHOWERS OF RAIN1100100208552
1795-04-01T13:002.23-20.903621.0TRINIDADAS21:30W486S8E21.00-11VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLECLOUDY THEN DARK CLOUDY0000000208553
1795-04-02T13:002.10-20.88349TRINIDADAS21W483S8E8.00-11SSW, NCALM, VERY LIGHT VARIABLE AIRSCLOUDY0000000208554
1795-04-03T13:002.22-20.503490.0TRINIDADAS21:30W482E7.00-11SSW, NLIGHT AIRS THEN CALMVARIABLE0000100208555
1795-04-04T13:002.08-20.533621.0TRINIDADAS21:45W483S24W9.00-11NNW, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND CALMVARIABLE0000000208556
1795-04-05T13:001.98-20.32214TRINIDADAS21W482S3:45W6.00-11SBW, NNW, SSW, VARIABLE, NW, SWLIGHT AIRS, AM VARIABLE, LATER A SQUALL FROM SWRAINCLEAR0100000208557
1795-04-06T13:001.88-20.233620.0TRINIDADAS21W482S25W7.00-11W, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS, AM CALM0000000208558
1795-04-07T13:001.42-20.331241.0TRINIDADAS21W472S17W30.00-11NE, SSE, SELIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000208559
1795-04-08T13:000.53-20.671022.6TRINIDADAS23:00W458S18W56.00-11SSE, VARIABLE, ESELIGHT BREEZESRAIN0100000208560
1795-04-09T13:000.08-20.921241.0TRINIDADAS22:00W450S10W24.00-11SELIGHT BREEZES, THEN LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMCLEAR0000000208561
1795-04-10T13:00-0.73-21.231022.6TRINIDADAS22:30W424S18W39.00-11ESE, VARIABLE, ESELIGHT AIRS AND CALM THEN LIGHT BREEZES0000000208562
1795-04-11T13:00-1.95-22.121476.7TRINIDADAS22:00W402S20W78.00-11SSE, SE, SBE, VARIABLE, SSELIGHT BREEZES THEN MODERATE BREEZES AND SQUALLYRAINCLEAR0100000208563
1795-04-12T14:00-3.03-22.901506.7TRINIDADAS21:30W375S25W72.00-8SEBS, VARIABLE, SSELIGHT BREEZES, AM MODERATECLEAR0000100208564
1795-04-13T14:00-4.35-23.771386.7TRINIDADAS20:20W345S22W85.00-8SEBSMODERATECLEAR THEN CLOUDY0000000208565
1795-04-14T14:00-5.62-24.581166.7TRINIDADAS19W315S17W79.00-8SEBS, SE, SEBEMODERATECLEAR THEN CLOUDY0000000208566
1795-04-15T14:00-7.00-24.90127TRINIDADAS20W287S8W84.00-8ESE, SEMODERATE, AM SQUALLYCLEAR0000000208567
1795-04-16T14:00-8.75-25.381179.3TRINIDADAS20:30W251S10W107.00-7SE-SEBEMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZESSQUALLS OF RAINCLEAR1100000208568
1795-04-17T14:00-10.23-25.851179.3TRINIDADAS21W220S10:30W93.00-7SE-SEBEMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000208569
1795-04-18T14:00-11.95-26.431289.3TRINIDADAS21W183S13:30W104.00-7SEFRESH BREEZESFLYING SHOWERS1000000208570
1795-04-19T14:00-13.95-26.941189.3TRINIDADAS24:30W144S7W120.00-6ESE, SEBEMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY, AM CLEAR0000000208571
1795-04-20T14:00-16.15-27.80989.3TRINIDADAS28W98S17W138.00-3ESE, EBSMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY, AM CLEAR0000000208572
1795-04-21T14:00-18.15-28.42549.3TRINIDADAS38:30W60S15W124.00-2EBS, EBN, NEBEFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000208573
1795-04-22T14:00-19.97-29.34436.7TRINIDADASE1/2S16S20W116.00-2EBS, ENE, NEMODERATECLEAR0000000208574
1795-04-23T14:00-20.45-30.00362CAPE FRIOS76:30W215S53W48.00-2NE, SE, WSW, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES, AM SQUALLYRAINCLEAR0100000208575
1795-04-24T14:00-21.47-32.131339.3CAPE FRIOS80W173S62W129.00-2SEBS, SEFRESH BREEZESHEAVY SWELLCLOUDY0000000208576
1795-04-25T14:00-22.53-33.20148CAPE FRIOS86:24W138S58W121.002SEBSCLEAR0000000208577
1795-04-26T14:00-23.00-35.47819.3CAPE FRIOS89:40W105S76W119.002SEBS, EBNMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY, AM CLEAR0000000208578
1795-04-27T14:00-23.00-37.35812.6CAPE FRIOS89:30W72N88W95.002EBNLIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000208579
1795-04-28T15:00-23.00-38.721742.6CAPE FRION88W50N88W67.005E-SBELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000100208580
1795-04-29T15:00-22.88-39.783620.0CAPE FRION86:57W31N83W51.005VARIABLE, SBW, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES, AM INCLINABLE TO CALMCLOUDY AM CLEAR0000000208581
1795-04-30T15:00-23.27-39.933622.6CAPE FRION73W32S23.005SWBW, WBS, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000208582
1795-05-01T15:00-23.10-40.363620.0CAPE FRION84W23N51W19.005SWBW, VARIABLECALM0000000208583
1795-05-02T15:00-23.33-41.451742.6CAPE FRIONNW1//2W9S79W53.005WBN, SBELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000208584