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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during RAYMOND cruise from Portsmouth to St. Helena started at 1783-03-17 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751710, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 1.934054 * Median Longitude: -17.846486 * South-bound Latitude: -29.370000 * West-bound Longitude: -30.100000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.570000 * East-bound Longitude: -1.950000
Date/Time Start: 1783-03-17T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1783-05-29T12:00:00
Event(s):
Raymond_17830317_BL_L/MAR/B/453A * Latitude Start: 50.750000 * Longitude Start: -0.980000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1783-03-17T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1783-05-29T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Raymond, Voyage: Portsmouth - St. Helena, 1st Observer: R Pennell (Captain), Company: EIC, Other ship information: 793BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
12 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Present weatherwwWeather description
15 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
16 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1238 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

Landmark

-

Course

Distance [arbitrary units]
10 
Decl [deg]
11 
Wind dir descr
12 
Cur dir descr
13 
Wind force descr
14 
ww
15 
Precip descr
16 
State sea descr
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
19 
Rain
20 
Fog
21 
Snow
22 
Thunder
23 
Hail
24 
Sea ice
25 
ID
1783-03-17T12:0049.57-4.93566.71S56W1/2110.50-23EBS, EBNPLEASANT BREEZESFINE0000000207956
1783-03-18T13:0048.72-8.13789.3S70W135.00-23ESE, SE, ESE, EBSFRESH BREEZESPLEASANT0000000207957
1783-03-19T13:0047.33-11.15916.7SWBW146.00-22SEBE, ESEPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR0000000207958
1783-03-20T13:0046.38-12.58912.6S49W79.00-22SE, SWBS, WSW, ESEFIRST FRESH BREEZES, MID AND LATTER LIGHT BREEZESFIRST CLEAR, MID AND LATTER HAZY0000000207959
1783-03-21T13:0045.93-11.4220319.0S61E56.00-22SWBS, SW, W, SWFIRST LIGHT BREEZES, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLYRAINFAIR0100000207960
1783-03-22T13:0045.33-11.752489.3S19W42.00-22NEBE, WFIRST ANDMID LIGHT VARIABLE WINDS, LATTER PLEASANT GALESLARGE SWELL FROM SWFIRST AND MID UNSETTLED, LATTER FAIR0000000207961
1783-03-23T13:0043.28-13.40346.7SSW3/4W135.00-22ENE, VARIABLE, NEBEFIRST FRESH GALES, MID STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATEFAIR0000000207962
1783-03-24T13:0041.23-14.55256.7S25W120.00-20NEBE, NEFIRST AND LATTER MODERATE BREEZES, MID STRONG GALESFIRST FAIR, MID AND LATTER HAZY0000000207963
1783-03-25T13:0039.83-15.37702.6S24W92.00-20EFIRST FRESH BREEZES, MID AND LATTER LIGHT BREEZESDRIZZLING RAINLARGE S SWELLHAZY0100000207964
1783-03-26T13:0038.25-16.32486.7S25W105.00-20NE, ENEMODERATE BREEZESDRIZZLING RAINHAZY0100000207965
1783-03-27T13:0036.35-16.73266.7S10W116.00-19SEBE, NEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000207966
1783-03-28T13:0035.13-16.8342.6S4W73.00-19VARIABLE, NNELIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000207967
1783-03-29T13:0031.83-17.20282.6S11W96.00-17NEBE, ENE, NELIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000207968
1783-03-30T13:0029.83-17.403626.7S5W111.00-17EBN, VARIABLEPLEASANT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000207969
1783-03-31T13:0027.78-17.70296.7S6W111.00-16E, VARIABLE, NEMODERATE BREEZESFAIR0000000207970
1783-04-01T13:0026.28-18.871092.6S27W89.00-15NE, ESE, SEBELIGHT BREEZESSMOOTH WATERPLEASANT0000000207971
1783-04-02T13:0024.48-19.40756.7SBW1/2W100.00-15EBN, ETO SLIGHT TRADEPLEASANT0000000207972
1783-04-03T13:0023.28-19.77362S18W64.00-15NEBE, ENE, VARIABLELIGHT UNSETTLEDSMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000207973
1783-04-04T13:0022.15-20.08990.0S20W55.00-14E, EBN, VARIABLE, ESEFIRST AND MID LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER CALMSMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000207974
1783-04-05T13:0021.33-20.181211.0S9W46.00-14VARIABLE, SELIGHT BREEZES INCLINABLE TO CALM0000000207975
1783-04-06T13:0020.32-20.35201.0S10W49.00-14ENE, N, NEBNSLIGHT AIRSSMOOTHFAIR0000000207976
1783-04-07T13:0018.63-20.483469.3S9W86.00-14NEBE, NE, VARIABLE, NNE, NFIRST LIGHT WINDS, LATTER STEADY BREEZESVARIABLE THE FAIRLARGE SWELL FROM N0000000207977
1783-04-08T13:0016.88-20.80119.3S11W97.00-12VARIABLE, NE, NNEPLEASANT TRADEFAIR0000000207978
1783-04-09T13:0015.73-20.73339.3S4E66.00-12EBN, EBS, NEPLEASANT TRADESMOOTH WATERHAZY THEN FAIR0000000207979
1783-04-10T13:0013.22-20.2034810.0S14E130.00-12NNE, NE, NFRESH PLEASANT TRADEFAIR THEN HAZY0000000207980
1783-04-11T13:0010.72-19.176812.3S24E151.00-11EBNFRESH TRADESMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000207981
1783-04-12T13:008.43-18.383412.3S18E152.00-11S, NEBE, NEFRESH TRADESMOOTH WATERHAZY0000000207982
1783-04-13T13:005.85-17.435512.3S23E146.00-13ENEFRESH TRADEHAZY THEN CLEAR0000000207983
1783-04-14T13:004.86-17.27322.6SBE54.00-13N, NNW, NEFIRST MODERATE BREEZES, MID AND LATTER LIGHT WINDSSULTRY AND HOTFAIR0000100207984
1783-04-15T13:004.32-17.183252.6S10E32.00-13NE, N, VARIABLE, EBS, NNWLIGHT WINDS AND SQUALLSSULTRY AND HOTHARD RAINFAIR0100100207985
1783-04-16T13:003.85-17.10321.0S10E28.00-13NELIGHT AIRS AND CALMGOOD DEAL OF RAINSWELL FROM S0100100207986
1783-04-17T13:002.95-16.973476.7S10E44.00-13NFIRST LIGHT AIRS AND CALM, MID AND LATTER LIGHT PLEASANT BREEZESSULTRYRAINSMOOTH WATER0100000207987
1783-04-18T13:002.32-16.87111.0S1/2E35.00-12VARIABLE, NBW, NBE, NNELIGHT WINDS VARIABLE INCLINABLE TO CALMFAIR0000000207988
1783-04-19T13:001.58-16.873591.0S33.00-12NW, SSW, N, VARIABLE, NBELIGHT WINDS VARIABLE INCLINABLE TO CALMFAIR0000000207989
1783-04-20T13:001.12-16.903371.0SBW12.00-12SSE, S, NW, NBWLIGHT AIRS VARIABLE AND CALMSHOWERS OF RAINSWELL FORM SFAIR1100100207990
1783-04-21T13:000.38-17.101232.6SSW32.00-12SEBE, SSE, SE, ESE, SELIGHT WINDSSMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000207991
1783-04-22T13:00-0.33-17.501156.7SWBS42.00-9SE, SEBS, SSE, SEBS, SEBELIGHT TRADEFAIR0000000207992
1783-04-23T13:00-1.30-18.4814912.3S39W59.00-9VARIABLE, SEBS, ESE, SSEFIRST LIGHT BREEZES, MID AND LATTER FRESH TRADE, SOME SQUALLSSHOWERS OF RAIN1100000207993
1783-04-24T13:00-2.65-19.421269.3SWBS81.00-9SEBS, SEPLEASANT TRADESWELL FROM SFAIR0000000207994
1783-04-25T13:00-3.80-20.421159.3SW1/2S75.00-9SSE, SEBS, SBE, SSE, SEBS, SEBEMODERATE TRADE SOME SQUALLSSHOWERS OF RAINSMOOTH WATERFAIR1100000207995
1783-04-26T14:00-5.02-23.201409.3S30W83.00-6SE, SEBE, SEBSMODERATE TRADE AND SQUALLSRAINSMOOTH WATERFAIR0100000207996
1783-04-27T14:00-6.12-25.9714012.3SW1/2W89.00-6VARIABLE, SE, SEBSFRESH TRADE AND SQUALLYRAIN0100000207997
1783-04-28T14:00-7.50-26.9313012.3S30W92.00-5SEBS, SEFRESH TRADEPLEASANT0000000207998
1783-04-29T14:00-9.03-27.711449.3S22W92.00-2SE, SEBE, ESE, SEBSPLEASANT TRADEFAIR0000000207999
1783-04-30T14:00-10.57-28.401229.3S21W85.00-2SE, SEBE, ESE, SEBEPLEASANT TRADESMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000208000
1783-05-01T14:00-12.08-28.701339.3S4W87.00-2EBS, ESE, EBS, E, VARIABLE, SEPLEASANT TRADESMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000208001
1783-05-02T14:00-13.55-28.991346.7S4W80.00-1ESE, E, ESE, SELIGHT TRADESMOOTH WATERPLEASANT0000000208002
1783-05-03T14:00-15.25-29.521239.3SBW85.00-1ESE, SEBEPLEASANT TRADESMOOTH WATERPLEASANT0000000208003
1783-05-04T14:00-17.17-29.71112S116.00-1EBS, ESEFRESH TRADE, LATTER SOME SQUALLSSHOWERS OF RAINFAIR1100000208004
1783-05-05T14:00-18.90-29.7410112.3S1/2E98.000E, VARIABLE, ESE, EBSFRESH TRADE AND FREQUENT SQUALLS, SOME VERY SMART0000000208005
1783-05-06T14:00-20.33-30.101019.3S7W88.000ESE, SEBE, EBSMODERATE TRADE, MID SQUALLYHEAVY SHOWERS OF RAINFAIR1100000208006
1783-05-07T14:00-21.93-29.671139.3S6E103.000SEBE, EBS, SEBE, ESEMODERATE TRADESMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000208007
1783-05-08T14:00-22.80-29.551142.6S3/4E45.001VARIABLE, E, ESELIGHT BREEZESVARIABLESOME RAINSMOOTH SEA0100000208008
1783-05-09T14:00-23.88-28.48696.7S43E73.001VARIABLE, NEBE, NW, ENEMODERATE BREEZES AND VARIABLE, SQUALLS IN FIRSTSHOWERS OF RAINLARGE SWELL FROM NWFAIR1100000208009
1783-05-10T14:00-25.13-27.533279.3SE3/4E102.001WSW, W, SSW, NWBNFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYSHOWERS OF RAIN1100100208010
1783-05-11T14:00-25.18-25.751616.7E97.00-2SSE, SBE, SBE1/2EMODERATE BREEZESLARGE SWELL FROM SFAIR0000000208011
1783-05-12T14:00-24.93-24.1516719.0N84E87.00-2SSE, SEBS, SE, SBEFRESH GALESLARGE SWELL FROM SFAIR0000000208012
1783-05-13T14:00-25.97-24.101332.6S3E64.00-2SEBE, SELIGHT BREEZESLARGE SWELL FROM SFAIR0000000208013
1783-05-14T13:00-27.87-22.104219.0SE151.00-3NNE, N, NEMODERATE BREEZES INCREASING TO FRESH GALESFAIR, WITH MID CLOUDY0000000208014
1783-05-15T13:00-29.15-19.2534619.0S21E163.00-3NNW, NBWFRESH GALESFOLLOWING SEAHAZY0000000208015
1783-05-16T13:00-28.97-17.8229019.0S88E75.00-3WBN, WBS, SE, NE, WNWFIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MID LIGHT WINDS AND CALMDRIZZLING RAINLARGE SEAHAZY THEN FAIR0100000208016
1783-05-17T13:00-29.03-17.271189.3S83E29.00-6ESE, ENE, NEBE, NE, SEBEFRESH BREEZES SOME SQUALLSSMALL RAINLARGE SWELL FROM SEHAZY0100000208017
1783-05-18T13:00-29.37-15.25396.7S79E108.00-6N, NW, W, NEFIRST FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATEHEAVY RAINMID CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR0100000208018
1783-05-19T13:00-29.23-12.982646.7N88E119.00-6WBN, WSW, WPLEASANT BREEZESSMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000208019
1783-05-20T13:00-28.93-9.8326122.6N86E165.00-9WBS, WSTRONG GALES SOME HARD SQUALLSFOLLOWING LARGE SEA0000000208020
1783-05-21T13:00-28.53-7.882392.6N80E105.00-9SW, SBE, SSE, VARIABLE, SWBS, WSWFRESH GALES DECREASING TO LIGHT BREEZESSWELL FROM WSWFAIR0000000208021
1783-05-22T12:00-27.93-6.172376.7N58E107.00-11VARIABLE, WNW, WBN, WSWFIRST LIGHT WINDS INCREASING TO PLEASANT BREEZE INTERMIXED WITH SOME SQUALLSFAIR0000000208022
1783-05-23T12:00-25.73-4.252689.3NE145.00-13WSW, WBNPLEASANT GALESLARGE FOLLOWING SWELLFAIR0000000208023
1783-05-24T12:00-23.75-3.232236.7N27E123.00-13VARIABLE, SWBS, SSW, S, SBE, SWBWPLEASANT BREEZESLARGE SWELL FROM SWHAZY0000000208024
1783-05-25T12:00-21.80-2.6812112.3N13E140.00-14SSE, VARIABLE, SEFRESH TRADE SOME FLYING SQUALLSLONG SWELL FROM SWCLOUDY0000000208025
1783-05-26T12:00-19.73-2.33979.3N9E125.00-16SE, ESEPLEASANT TRADEFIRST AND LATTER FAIR, MID CLOUDY0000000208026
1783-05-27T12:00-17.07-1.9511912.3N8E160.00-16SSE, VARIABLE, SEFRESH TRADE, MID SQUALLYSHOWERS OF RAINFAIR1100000208027
1783-05-28T12:00-15.90-2.0711912.3N6W65.00-16SEFRESH TRADEFIRST FAIR, MID CLOUDY, LATTER HAZY0000000208028
1783-05-29T12:00-15.92-4.00999.3ST HELENAN86W112.00-14SEBE, ESEPLEASANT TRADELARGE SWELL FROMSWFAIR, MID HAZY0000000208029