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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during RATTLESNAKE cruise from Madras to Simons Bay started at 1796-05-04 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751694, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -25.280548 * Median Longitude: 47.523973 * South-bound Latitude: -35.970000 * West-bound Longitude: 18.520000 * North-bound Latitude: -13.400000 * East-bound Longitude: 80.870000
Date/Time Start: 1796-05-04T07:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1796-08-11T11:00:00
Event(s):
Rattlesnake_17960504_NMM_ADM/L/R57 * Latitude Start: 12.100000 * Longitude Start: 80.500000 * Latitude End: -33.380000 * Longitude End: 17.270000 * Date/Time Start: 1796-05-04T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1796-08-11T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Rattlesnake (Sloop), Voyage: Madras - Simons Bay, 1st Observer: Edward Ramage (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 16G 330BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
15 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
16 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 CommentComment
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1552 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

-
(1 If position is considered t...)
10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
14 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
15 
Precip descr
16 
State sea descr
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
19 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
20 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
21 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
22 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
23 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
24 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
25 
Comment
26 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1796-05-04T07:00-13.4080.871339.3MAURITUISS73W465S50W141.00-2SEFRESH BREEZECLEAR0000000207309
1796-05-05T07:00-15.2079.121339.3MAURITUISS76W427S45W141.00-2SEFRESH BREEZECLEAR0000000207310
1796-05-06T07:00-17.0877.0513212.3MAURITUISS83W365S48W163.00-3SEFRESH BREEZE, AT 5 STRONG BREEZES AND SQUALLYCLEAR0000000207311
1796-05-07T07:00-18.4274.8712912.3ISLE RODRIGUESS83W223S57W147.00-6S, SESTRONG BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000207312
1796-05-08T07:00-19.3872.921749.3ISLE RODRIGUESS88W183S64W123.00-6SSE, SFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY WEATHER0000000207313
1796-05-09T07:00-19.9870.581849.3ISLE RODRIGUESS88W140S76W135.00-7SBWFRESH BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000207314
1796-05-10T07:00-19.5368.432079.3ISLE RODRIGUESS89W99N79W124.00-7SWBSFRESH BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000207315
1796-05-11T08:00-19.6266.401939.3ISLE RODRIGUESW1/2S152S89W114.00-10SSWSTEADY BREEZESCLEAR0000000207316
1796-05-12T00:00-19.581912.6ISLE RODRIGUESSWBW21VARIABLE, SBWLITTLE WINDCLEAR0000000207317
1796-05-13T08:00-19.6762.071682.6ISLE RODRIGUESS83W65N86W62.00-12SLITTLE WINDCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207318
1796-05-14T08:00-20.1360.533622.6ISLE RODRIGUESW55S70W91.00-12VARIABLELITTLE WINDCLEAR0000000207319
1796-05-15T08:00-20.2859.22123ISLE RODRIGUESN89W30S82W75.00-12SEFIRST PART STEADY BREEZES, LATTER PART SQUALLYLATTER PART RAINFIRST PART CLEAR WEATHER0100000207320
1796-05-16T00:00-20.523629.3ISLE RODRIGUESNWBW18VARIABLEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000207321
1796-05-17T08:00-19.9258.783621.0MAURITIUSS76W23N79E59.00-12VARIABLELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM0000000207322
1796-05-18T08:00-19.8858.173629.3MAURITIUSS60W13N89W30.00-12VARIABLEGENTLE BREEZES, AT 4 FRESH BREEZE AND SQUALLYAT 4 RAINCLOUDY WEATHER0100000207323
1796-05-19T08:00-19.3358.0012319.0MAURITIUSS24W20N18W29.00-12SEFRESH GALESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207324
1796-05-20T08:00-20.4857.7736219.0MAURITIUSN48W12S10W71.00-12VARIABLEFRESH GALESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207325
1796-05-21T08:00-19.5057.007512.3MAURITIUSS40W15N58.00-15EFRESH BREEZE AND SQUALLY, AT 10 STRONG GALES AND HEAVY SQUALLS, AT NOON STRONG BREEZESAT NOON HEAVY RAIN0100000207326
1796-05-22T08:00-19.6057.00756.7MAURITIUSS45W18S45E12.00-15NE, EFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, AT NOON MODERATE AND SQUALLYRAIN0100000207327
1796-05-23T00:00232.6MAURITIUSWBN15NNELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207328
1796-05-24T00:00-19.803604.6ROUND ISLANDSW3/4W13NE, NGENTLE BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207329
1796-05-25T00:00-19.98452.6SOUTH END OF MAURITUISNW3/4W11NELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207330
1796-05-26T08:00-20.2258.40332.6SOUTH END OF MAURITUISN86W14S86E46.00-12NELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207331
1796-05-27T08:00-19.9358.471462.6SOUTH END OF MAURITUISS74W11N14E13.00-12VARIABLE, SSELITTLE WINDCLEAR0000000207332
1796-05-28T08:00-20.1558.331462.6SOUTH END OF MAURITUISW14S54W11.00-12SSELITTLE WINDCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207333
1796-05-29T00:00-19.771589.3SOUTH END OF MAURITUISSW1/4W15SSESTEADY BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000207334
1796-05-30T08:00-19.2858.101462.6ROUND ISLANDSW16N38E14.00-12SSELITTLE WINDCLEAR WEATHER0000000207335
1796-05-31T08:00-19.0857.98362ROUND ISLANDS28W25S38W23.00-12VARIABLEFRESH BREEZES, AT 6 SQUALLYCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207336
1796-06-01T00:00-19.43135ROUND ISLANDS46E15SEFRESH BREEZES, AT 6 SQUALLYCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207337
1796-06-02T00:00-19.93135MAURITUISSEBE16N74W22.00SEFRESH BREEZES, AT 6 SQUALLYCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207338
1796-06-03T08:00-20.0756.521439.3MAURITUISS80E21N7E42.00-15VARIABLE, SSEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207339
1796-06-04T08:00-19.3756.601209.3MAURITUISS47E24-15SEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207340
1796-06-05T00:00-20.351136.7CAPE BOABANTSE1/4S10ESESTRONG BREEZES, AT 4 MODERATECLOUDY WEATHER0000000207341
1796-06-06T08:00-22.0256.7712012.3CAPE BOABANTN19E33S7W101.00-15SESTRONG BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000207342
1796-06-07T08:00-21.5357.40752.6CAPE BOABANTN3W22N54E44.00-15ELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207343
1796-06-08T08:00-21.5557.933621.0MAURITIUSN16W22S88E38.00-12VARIABLELIGHT AIRSPLEASANT WEATHER0000000207344
1796-06-09T08:00-20.0058.721239.3MAURITIUSS88W21N30E95.00-12SEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207345
1796-06-10T08:00-20.2258.651232.6MAURITIUSW21S16W12.00-12SELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000207346
1796-06-11T00:00-20.771359.3MAURITIUSNWBW10SEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207347
1796-06-12T08:00-21.3556.701209.3BOURBONN67W25-15SESTRONG BREEZES AND SQUALLY, AM FRESH BREEZESAM CLOUDY0000000207348
1796-06-13T08:00-22.7254.02729.3BOURBONN16E33S16W109.00-18EFRESH BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000207349
1796-06-14T08:00-23.9053.75506.7BOURBONS73W153S46W95.00-18ENEMODERATECLEAR0000000207350
1796-06-15T09:00-25.9052.203179.3BOURBONS86W196S35W144.00-21VARIABLE, NNWFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000207351
1796-06-16T08:00-27.1852.832079.3CAPE OF ST MARYSN84W191S24E84.00-18VARIABLE, SWFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000207352
1796-06-17T08:00-28.2752.682491.0CAPE OF ST MARYSN74W131S9W63.00-21WLIGHT AIRS0000000207353
1796-06-18T08:00-28.4352.533629.3CAPE OF ST MARYSN71W122S56W19.00-21VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207354
1796-06-19T08:00-28.5352.98240.0CAPE OF ST MARYSN69W116S74W22.00-21NECALMCLEAR0000000207355
1796-06-20T09:00-28.9051.903591.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPES78W537S79W112.00-24NNELIGHT AIRSCLEAR0000000207356
1796-06-21T09:00-29.8049.8835912.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPES79W472S76W217.00-24NNESTRONG BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207357
1796-06-22T09:00-29.5745.123629.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPES80W440S64W102.00-26VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESHAZY WEATHER0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207358
1796-06-23T09:00-30.1844.583626.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES80W395S74W133.00-26VARIABLELIGHT AIRS, AT 3 SQUALLY, AT 8 STRONG GALES WITH HEAVY SQUALLS, AT 11 A HEAVY SQUALLS, AT NOON MORE MODERATECLOUDY WEATHER0000100207359
1796-06-24T09:00-31.3741.352431.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPES78W396N14W50.00-27WLIGHT AIRSHEAVY SWELL FROM THE SWAM CLOUDY0000000207360
1796-06-25T09:00-30.5041.4033322.6CAPE OF GOOD HOPES78W379S81W50.00-27WNW, VARIABLE, NLIGHT AIRS, AT 12 STRONG GALES WITH HEAVY SQUALLSAT 12 RAINHEAVY SWELL FROM THE WESTWARDCLOUDY WEATHER0100100207361
1796-06-26T09:00-29.2740.1326612.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPES74W324N11W75.00-27WNWSTRONG BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207362
1796-06-27T09:00-28.1740.132661.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPES79W390N66.00-27NNW, WNWFRESH BREEZES, AT 4 LIGHT AIRSCLEAR WEATHER0000000207363
1796-06-28T09:00-28.7538.473339.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPES72W371S69W96.00-27NLIGHT BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER, AM CLOUDY0000000207364
1796-06-29T10:00-28.2036.953626.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES68W340N68W84.00-28SW, VARIABLEFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, AT 11 STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY, AT 8 MORE MODERATE0000000207365
1796-06-30T10:00-27.7035.8222019.0ST AUGUSTINEN61E169N62W68.00-28WSWFRESH GALESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207366
1796-07-01T10:00-26.3735.823622.6ST AUGUSTINEN67E145N80.00-26VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000207367
1796-07-02T10:00-24.7837.231099.3ST AUGUSTINEN77E109N40E120.00-26SELIGHT BREEZES, AT 6 FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207368
1796-07-03T09:00-23.7538.221332.6ST AUGUSTINEN88E88N42E81.00-25WBN, SE, SSELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207369
1796-07-04T09:00-23.5839.733621.0ST AUGUSTINEE80N70W80.00-25VARIABLELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM0000000207370
1796-07-05T09:00-23.6839.902231.0ST AUGUSTINEN86E57S79E65.00-25WNW, WSWLIGHT AIRSCLEAR WEATHER0000000207371
1796-07-06T09:00-24.2240.652452.6ST AUGUSTINEN75E46S60E48.00-25WLIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207372
1796-07-24T09:00-24.0541.231782.6ST AUGUSTINEN73E36N73E100.00-25SSWLIGHT BREEZES0000000207373
1796-07-25T09:00-24.0838.6515512.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPES61W401S61W150.00-25SSTRONG BREEZES0000000207374
1796-07-26T10:00-25.9836.4813222.6CAPE OF GOOD HOPES61W355S61W136.00-26SSESTRONG BREEZES, AM STRONG GALESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207375
1796-07-27T10:00-28.0334.3313012.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPES65W301S43W167.00-28E, SSESTRONG BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207376
1796-07-28T10:00-29.0333.533621.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPES67W260S35W73.00-28VARIABLELIGHT AIRSCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207377
1796-07-29T10:00-28.9733.533620.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPES67W261N4.00-28VARIABLECALMCLEAR WEATHER0000000207378
1796-07-30T10:00-29.8031.95176.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES67W249S62W94.00-28NECALM, AT 5 LIGHT AIRS, AT NOON MODERATEAT NOON FINE WEATHER0000000207379
1796-07-31T10:00-31.5229.92179.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPES71W186S55W169.00-28NELIGHT AIRS, AT 8 FRESH BREEZESHAZY WEATHER, AT 8 CLOUDY0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207380
1796-08-01T10:00-32.4529.421971.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPES76W171S24W61.00-28W, SWSTRONG BREEZES AND SQUALLY, AT 4 CALM, AT 9 LIGHT AIRSA HEAVY SWELL FROM THE SWAT 4 CLEAR WEATHER0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207381
1796-08-02T10:00-34.4027.75629.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPES89W130S35W143.00-28WNW, EFRESH BREEZESHAZY WEATHER0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207382
1796-08-03T10:00-34.3226.4526626.8CAPE OF GOOD HOPES89W126N73W17.00-27VARIABLE, WNWHARD GALESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207383
1796-08-04T10:00-34.6325.4026612.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN88:38W116S70W55.00-27WNWSTRONG BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207384
1796-08-05T10:00-34.9024.903629.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPES88:36W110N45W33.00-27VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESHAZY WEATHER0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207385
1796-08-06T10:00-35.1823.18639.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN81W80S59W101.00-27ELIGHT AIRS, AM FRESH BREEZES0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207386
1796-08-07T11:00-35.9319.932781.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN59W31S66W158.00-26NWBWLIGHT AIRSCLEAR WEATHER0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207387
1796-08-08T11:00-34.9518.953629.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN44W14N70W53.00-26VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207388
1796-08-09T11:00-35.7818.782446.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN25W23S33.00-26WSTRONG BREEZES, AT 8 SQUALLY, AT 12 MODERATEAT 8 A GREAT SEACLOUDY WEATHER0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207389
1796-08-10T11:00-35.6218.523620.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPES9W21W20.00-26VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES, AT 8 CALM AND LIGHT AIRSCLEAR WEATHER, AT 8 HAZY0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207390
1796-08-11T11:00-35.9718.7328922.6CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN11W30S15E27.00-26NNE, NWLIGHT BREEZES, AT 10 STRONG GALES AND HEAVY SQUALLSHAZY WEATHER0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207391