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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during RATTLESNAKE cruise from Table Bay to Madras started at 1795-11-16 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751693, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -20.093443 * Median Longitude: 72.206066 * South-bound Latitude: -40.100000 * West-bound Longitude: 18.780000 * North-bound Latitude: 13.520000 * East-bound Longitude: 94.100000
Date/Time Start: 1795-11-16T11:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1796-01-15T07:00:00
Event(s):
Rattlesnake_17951116_NMM_ADM/L/R57 * Latitude Start: -34.430000 * Longitude Start: 16.950000 * Latitude End: 12.100000 * Longitude End: 80.500000 * Date/Time Start: 1795-11-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1796-01-15T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Rattlesnake (Sloop), Voyage: Table Bay - Madras, 1st Observer: Edward Ramage (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 16G 330BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
15 ClearnessClearness
16 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
17 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
18 FogFog1 If fog was reported
19 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
20 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
21 HailHail1 If hail was reported
22 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
23 CommentComment
24 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1130 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
14 
Precip descr
15 
Clearness
16 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
17 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
18 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
19 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
20 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
21 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
22 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
23 
Comment
24 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1795-11-16T11:00-35.1518.781589.3CAPE LAGULLASN72E27S15E77.00-26N, NWBN, S1/3WLITTLE WIND, AM FRESH BREEZE0010000207248
1795-11-17T11:00-35.4219.503621.0CAPE LAGULLASN42E18S63E40.00-26VARIABLEMODERATE, AM LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000207249
1795-11-18T11:00-36.6719.101096.7TELEMAQUE SHOALS55E75S14W14.00-26ESE, SEFRESH BREEZES, AM MODERATECLOUDY0000000207250
1795-11-19T11:00-36.2520.48649.3TELEMAQUE SHOALS61E24S36E110.00-26EFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000207251
1795-11-20T11:00-39.0322.22659.3TELEMAQUE SHOALN45E24S49E107.00-25ELIGHT AIRS PM, AM FRESH BREEZES0000000207252
1795-11-21T10:00-40.1024.50866.7TELEMAQUE SHOALN34W46S67E116.00-27VARIABLE, NNE, ESESTRONG BREEZES PM, AM MODERATE0000000207253
1795-11-22T10:00-39.3525.953331.0TELEMAQUE SHOALN63W53N54E60.00-27WBN, NLIGHT AIRSHAZY0000000207254
1795-11-23T10:00-38.9228.332421.0CAPILLE SHOALN62E185N77E117.00-28WSW, WLIGHT AIRSHAZY0000000207255
1795-11-24T10:00-38.2831.8224212.3CAPILLE SHOALN80E122N76E167.00-28NW, WFRESH BREEZES, LATTER PART STRONG BREEZES AND SQUALLYCLOUDY0000000207256
1795-11-25T10:00-37.8535.102866.7CAPILLE SHOALN79E53N81E157.00-29SBW, NWMODERATECLEAR0000000207257
1795-11-26T09:00-37.4838.7515119.0CAPILLE SHOALN63W6N83E175.00-29SMODERATE, AM FRESH GALESCLEAR0000000207258
1795-11-27T09:00-37.7740.631509.3CAPILLE SHOALN79W20S77E92.00-30NEBE, SLIGHT AIRS PM, AM FRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000207259
1795-11-28T09:00-38.1744.3515CAPILLE SHOALN76W60S83E178.00-30NEFRESH BREEZES, AM SQUALLYCLOUDY0000000207260
1795-11-29T09:00-38.4047.98286CAPILLE SHOALN77W140S37E172.00-29NNW, NWMORE MODERATE PM0000000207261
1795-11-30T09:00-38.5752.10286CAPILLE SHOALN72W205S67E195.00-29SW, NWSQUALLYRAIN0100000207262
1795-12-01T08:00-37.8854.531972.6CAPILLE SHOALN85W225N84E119.00-28SWSTEADY BREEZES, AM LIGHT BREEZES0000000207263
1795-12-02T08:00-37.5258.2336222.6ST PAULSS86E420N61:30E118.00-27VARIABLESTEADY BREEZES, AM STRONG GALES0000000207264
1795-12-03T08:00-37.4261.052706.7ST PAULSS86E369N87E135.00-23WNWSTEADY BREEZES, AM MODERATE0000000207265
1795-12-04T08:00-37.2764.402279.3ST PAULSS86E295N86E162.00-21WSWMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZESCLEAR, AM CLOUDY0000000207266
1795-12-05T07:00-37.4368.4220612.3ST PAULSS6E218S87E193.00-19W, SWGENTLE BREEZES, AM STRONG BREEZESCLEAR0000000207267
1795-12-06T07:00-37.7572.002466.7ST PAULSS86E145S83:30E170.00-24NBW, WMODERATECLOUDY0000000207268
1795-12-07T07:00-37.4076.7832122.6ST PAULSS82E64N65E234.00-17NNWSTRONG GALES0000000207269
1795-12-08T07:00-37.7779.55272ST PAULSS86E24S81E125.00-21WNWFRESH GALES PM0000000207270
1795-12-09T07:00-36.8778.672546.7ST PAULSS32W26N34E84.00-16NW, WFRESH GALES PM, AM MODERATEAM CLEAR0000000207271
1795-12-10T07:00-35.2780.82299ST PAULSN45W76N46E136.00-16NWLIGHT AIRS PM0000000207272
1795-12-11T06:00-33.7282.90301ST PAULSS46W115N47E142.00-14NWLIGHT AIRS PM0000000207273
1795-12-12T06:00-32.7284.52324ST PAULSS48W152N50E106.00-14NNWLITTLE WIND PM0000000207274
1795-12-13T06:00-32.2085.523501.0ST PAULSS48W111N59E61.00-10NLIGHT AIRS0000000207275
1795-12-14T06:00-31.2787.123501.0ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN13E758N55E160.00-10NLIGHT AIRS0000000207276
1795-12-15T06:00-30.4888.753519.3ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN12E738N60E97.00-9NLIGHT AIRS, AM FRESH BREEZES0000000207277
1795-12-16T06:00-29.3389.403066.7ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN10E710N26E77.00-9NWMODERATERAIN AT TIMESCLOUDY0100000207278
1795-12-17T06:00-26.9889.523626.7ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN13E660N3E140.00-6VARIABLEMODERATERAIN AT TIMESCLOUDY0100000207279
1795-12-18T06:00-24.4289.42107ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN12E605N2W157.00-6ESESQUALLYRAIN0100000207280
1795-12-19T06:00-21.2789.428612.3ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN13E535N139.00-4ESTRONG BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207281
1795-12-20T06:00-18.2289.7286ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN12E492N8E183.00-4EMODERATE PM0000000207282
1795-12-21T06:00-16.2289.60889.3ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN13E440N7W119.00-2EFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000207283
1795-12-22T06:00-14.6289.0366ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN15E410N19W103.00-2ENEFIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, LATTER SQUALLYLATTER PART RAIN0100000207284
1795-12-23T06:00-13.1289.52886.7ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN17E378N16E94.00-2EMODERATE BREEZES0000000207285
1795-12-24T06:00-10.0590.20909.3ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN17E315N12E188.000EFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000207286
1795-12-25T06:00-7.8590.65909.3ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN20E277N9E131.000SE, EFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000207287
1795-12-26T06:00-6.0890.483626.7ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN21E265N4W60.001VARIABLEMODERATEFINE0000000207288
1795-12-27T06:00-6.0390.523621.0ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN22E247N2E52.001VARIABLELIGHT AIRSRAIN0100000207289
1795-12-28T06:00-5.3790.33911.0ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN23E236N13E42.001ELIGHT AIRSRAIN0100000207290
1795-12-29T06:00-4.5890.52911.0ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN24E222N11W50.001ELIGHT AIRSRAIN0100000207291
1795-12-30T06:00-4.0390.683621.0ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN22E212N18E33.001VARIABLELIGHT AIRSRAIN0100000207292
1795-12-31T06:00-2.6091.323621.0ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN26E180N22E92.001VARIABLELIGHT AIRSRAIN0100000207293
1796-01-01T06:00-0.7591.87317ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN24E145N20E114.002NWLIGHT AIRS, AT 6 SQUALLYHEAVY RAINCLOUDY0100000207294
1796-01-02T06:00-0.1392.82294ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN24E124N43E64.001WNWSQUALLYRAIN0100000a trivial correction was made in this observation207295
1796-01-03T06:000.1893.052046.7ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN23E117N36E24.001SSWMODERATECLOUDY WEATHER0000000207296
1796-01-04T06:000.9393.271592.6ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN26E78N16E47.001SSELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000207297
1796-01-05T06:001.3593.373622.6ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN32E93N13E27.001VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER0000000207298
1796-01-06T06:002.4394.103621.0ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN31E68N35E71.001VARIABLELIGHT AIRSDARK CLOUDY WEATHER0000000207299
1796-01-07T06:002.9594.083621.0ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN36E60N2W31.002VARIABLELIGHT AIRSDARK CLOUDY WEATHER0000000207300
1796-01-08T06:004.4093.93362ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAN63E43N4W94.002VARIABLELIGHT AIRS PM0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation207301
1796-01-09T06:005.3093.681601.0ACHEEN HEAD SUMATRAE32N17W51.002VARIABLE, NE, SSELIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000100207302
1796-01-10T06:007.0093.18921.0MADRASN44W272N5W115.002EFRESH BREEZES PM, AM LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000207303
1796-01-11T06:009.7092.073626.7MADRASN72W232N20W175.002VARIABLELIGHT AIRS, AT 9 STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY, AT 11 MODERATECLOUDY0000000207304
1796-01-12T06:0011.9790.20479.3MADRASN83E136N40W173.002NEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000207305
1796-01-13T06:0013.1889.18479.3MADRASS89W114N66W188.002NEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207306
1796-01-14T06:0013.5284.424722.6MADRASS81W60N84W169.002NESTRONG GALES AND SQUALLY0000000207307
1796-01-15T07:0013.4282.17469.3MADRASS61W11S88W132.001ESE, NEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER0000000207308