García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during RAISONABLE cruise from Long Island to Spithead started at 1780-10-11 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751674, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 42.588000 * Median Longitude: -37.198250 * South-bound Latitude: 38.500000 * West-bound Longitude: -70.380000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.800000 * East-bound Longitude: -5.880000
Date/Time Start: 1780-10-11T17:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1780-11-19T12:00:00
Event(s):
Raisonable_17801011_NMM_ADM/L/R60 * Latitude Start: 39.600000 * Longitude Start: -70.380000 * Latitude End: 50.680000 * Longitude End: -0.960000 * Date/Time Start: 1780-10-11T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1780-11-19T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Raisonable (3rd Rate Frigate), Voyage: Long Island - Spithead, 1st Observer: Digby Dent (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 64G 1376BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
749 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1780-10-11T17:00 | 39.60 | -70.38 | 107 | 9.3 | BLOCK ISLAND | S32W | 115 | S32 | 115.00 | -6 | S, ESE, SEBE, ESE | PM MODERATE BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZES | PM CLEAR WEATHER, AM CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207100 | |||
| 1780-10-12T17:00 | 38.53 | -68.97 | 95 | 6.7 | BLOCK ISLAND | S38W | 196 | SE | 93.00 | -6 | NE, NEBE, NEBN, EBS | PM FRESH GALES, AM MODERATE | PM CLOUDY, AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207101 | |||
| 1780-10-13T17:00 | 38.50 | -67.98 | 152 | 1.0 | BLOCK ISLAND | S47W | 76 | S87E | 46.00 | -6 | EBN, E, SE, SSE | PM MODERATE, AM LIGHT AIRS | PM HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207102 | |||
| 1780-10-14T16:00 | 39.03 | -65.98 | 307 | 9.3 | BLOCK ISLAND | S64W | 95 | N72E | 97.00 | -8 | SBE, SW, WBS, NW | PM MODERATE BREEZES, AT 6 FRESH BREEZES | PM CLEAR WEATHER, AT 6 HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207103 | |||
| 1780-10-15T16:00 | 39.25 | -62.92 | 37 | 9.3 | BLOCK ISLAND | S74W | 138 | N85E | 144.00 | -8 | NW, NBE, NE | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY | PM CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207104 | |||
| 1780-10-16T16:00 | 39.60 | -61.18 | 148 | 9.3 | BLOCK ISLAND | S79W | 160 | N75E | 84.00 | -10 | ENE, E, SBE, SSE | PM MODERATE BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZES | PM CLEAR, AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207105 | |||
| 1780-10-17T16:00 | 40.21 | -58.71 | 24 | 22.6 | BLOCK ISLAND | S80W | 213 | N76E | 73.00 | -10 | SW, SWBS, SBW, NEBN | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM STONG GALES AND SQUALLY | PM RAIN | PM HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207106 | ||
| 1780-10-18T16:00 | 40.82 | -56.23 | 56 | BLOCK ISLAND | S88:30W | 235 | ESE | 85.00 | -12 | N, SBE, NNE, ENE | PM MODERATE | PM RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207107 | ||||
| 1780-10-19T16:00 | 40.12 | -55.83 | 247 | BLOCK ISLAND | W | 243 | SE | 25.00 | -12 | ENE, SE, WBS | PM STRONG GALES | PM HARD RAIN | PM GREAT SEA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207108 | |||
| 1780-10-20T16:00 | 41.80 | -53.87 | 213 | BLOCK ISLAND | S88W | 283 | S72E | 118.00 | -12 | SWBS-SW | PM HARD GALES | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207109 | ||||
| 1780-10-21T15:00 | 41.18 | -51.70 | 111 | BLOCK ISLAND | S89:44W | 306 | S69E | 80.00 | -13 | SWBW, N, VARIABLE, SSE, SE, SEBE | PM FRESH BREEZES | AM SHOWERS OF RAIN | PM CLOUDY WEATHER | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207110 | |||
| 1780-10-22T15:00 | 40.07 | -51.42 | 100 | BLOCK ISLAND | S86W | 309 | SBE | 68.00 | -13 | SBE, EBS, VARIABLE, ESE | PM STRONG GALES | PM RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207111 | ||||
| 1780-10-23T15:00 | 39.47 | -50.88 | 362 | BLOCK ISLAND | S84W | 319 | S32E | 46.00 | -13 | SSE, E, EBS, VARIABLE | PM LIGHT BREEZES | PM SHOWERS OF RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207112 | ||||
| 1780-10-24T15:00 | 40.37 | -49.48 | 145 | BLOCK ISLAND | S87W | 337 | S5E | 84.00 | -13 | SEBE, SE, SEBS, SSE | PM MODERATE BREEZES, AM SQUALLY | AM RAIN | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207113 | |||
| 1780-10-25T15:00 | 41.80 | -46.25 | 189 | LIZARD | N72E | 598 | S61E | 180.00 | -14 | SEBS, SSE, SBW, SSW | PM FRESH BREEZES, AA SQUALLY | AM RAIN | PM CLEAR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207114 | |||
| 1780-10-26T15:00 | 42.97 | -42.58 | 274 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N74:44E | 530 | S67E | 178.00 | -19 | SSW, W, WBN, WNW | PM STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY, AM FRESH BREEZES | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207115 | |||
| 1780-10-27T15:00 | 43.67 | -39.78 | 184 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N73E | 489 | S70E | 130.00 | -19 | W, WNW, SSW | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM MODERATE | SHOWERS OF RAIN | AM CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207116 | ||
| 1780-10-28T15:00 | 43.88 | -38.38 | 4 | 1.0 | LIZARD | N75E | 470 | S78E | 61.00 | -19 | SWBS, W, VARIABLE, NNE | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM LIGHT AIRS | PM CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207117 | |||
| 1780-10-29T14:00 | 43.88 | -36.90 | 362 | LIZARD | N74:21E | 450 | E | 64.00 | -20 | SE, SSE, SEBS, VARIABLE | PM FRESH BREEZES | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207118 | ||||
| 1780-10-30T14:00 | 43.77 | -35.67 | 362 | 2.6 | LIZARD | N74E | 433 | -20 | SSE, SBE, VARIABLE | PM MODERATE, AM LIGHT BREEZES | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207119 | |||||
| 1780-10-31T14:00 | 43.72 | -33.35 | 126 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N72E | 405 | EBS | -20 | S, SBE, SSE, SEBS | PM MODERATE BREEZES, AT NOON FRESH BREEZES | PM CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207120 | ||||
| 1780-11-01T14:00 | 43.15 | -31.35 | 362 | LIZARD | S69:19E | 385 | S68E | 90.00 | -20 | NEBN, NE, VARIABLE | PM FRESH BREEZES | PM HAZY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207121 | ||||
| 1780-11-02T14:00 | 42.45 | -29.45 | 51 | LIZARD | S66E | 366 | S64E | 96.00 | -17 | SE, SEBE, ENE | PM FRESH BREEZES | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207122 | ||||
| 1780-11-03T14:00 | 41.47 | -28.12 | 84 | LIZARD | S62E | 360 | SE | 84.00 | -17 | SE, ESE, EBS | PM FRESH BREEZES | PM CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207123 | ||||
| 1780-11-04T14:00 | 40.27 | -27.15 | 50 | LIZARD | N58E | 363 | SSE3/4E | 84.00 | -18 | E-ENE | PM MODERATE | PM CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207124 | ||||
| 1780-11-05T14:00 | 39.80 | -26.77 | 95 | LIZARD | N56:14E | 365 | S33E | 33.00 | -18 | ENE-ESE | PM FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY | PM RAIN AT TIMES | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207125 | ||||
| 1780-11-06T14:00 | 40.80 | -26.02 | 117 | LIZARD | N50E | 344 | NNE3/4E | 71.00 | -18 | ESE-SE | PM FRESH BREEZES | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207126 | ||||
| 1780-11-07T14:00 | 41.83 | -24.65 | 117 | LIZARD | N59E | 315 | NE | 87.00 | -18 | SE | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM SQUALLY | AM SHOWERS OF RAIN | PM CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207127 | |||
| 1780-11-08T14:00 | 42.90 | -23.28 | 137 | LIZARD | N60:14E | 287 | NE | 86.00 | -21 | SE-SSE | PM FRESH BREEZES | AM SHOWERS OF RAIN | PM CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207128 | |||
| 1780-11-09T13:00 | 43.62 | -22.32 | 103 | LIZARD | N61:32E | 266 | NE1/4N | 64.00 | -21 | SSE-SEBE | PM MODERATE | SHOWERS AT RAIN AT TIMES | PM CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207129 | |||
| 1780-11-10T13:00 | 44.13 | -21.37 | 182 | 2.6 | LIZARD | N62E | 248 | N53E | 51.00 | -21 | SE-SSW | LIGHT BREEZES | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207130 | |||
| 1780-11-11T13:00 | 44.13 | -20.78 | 362 | 1.0 | LIZARD | N61:32E | 242 | E | 25.00 | -21 | VARIABLE | LIGHT AIRS | CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207131 | |||
| 1780-11-12T13:00 | 44.35 | -20.32 | 260 | 2.6 | LIZARD | N61:22E | 234 | NEBE | 24.00 | -21 | WNW, SE, WBN | LIGHT WINDS | CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207132 | |||
| 1780-11-13T13:00 | 44.96 | -18.35 | 294 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N55E | 200 | N58E | 100.00 | -21 | WNW, NE, NW | PM LIGHT BREEZES, AM FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY WEATHER | PM CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207133 | |||
| 1780-11-14T13:00 | 45.57 | -16.38 | 2 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N60E | 178 | N78E | 96.00 | -21 | NW-NNE | PM FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, AM MODERATE | RAIN | AM CLEAR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207134 | ||
| 1780-11-15T13:00 | 45.97 | -14.85 | 294 | LIZARD | N58:24E | 152 | N71E | 70.00 | -21 | NBE, NNW, NW | PM MODERATE | PM SHOWERS OF RAIN | PM CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207135 | |||
| 1780-11-16T13:00 | 47.75 | -12.88 | 201 | LIZARD | N66:47E | 110 | NEBN1/4E | 134.00 | -24 | NW-SW | PM FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY | PM SHOWERS OF RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207136 | ||||
| 1780-11-17T13:00 | 49.30 | -11.35 | 180 | LIZARD | N81E | 82 | NEBN | 112.00 | -23 | WNW, WSW, SSW | PM FRESH GALES | PM THICK WEATHER | PM SMALL RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207137 | |||
| 1780-11-18T13:00 | 49.03 | -8.22 | 202 | LIZARD | N64E | 37 | E1/2S | 124.00 | -23 | VARIABLE, NW, SW | PM FRESH BREEZES | AM SMALL RAIN | PM CLEAR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207138 | |||
| 1780-11-19T12:00 | 49.80 | -5.88 | 34 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N69E | 8 | N60E | 104.00 | -22 | WSW, SSE, NEBE | PM FRESH BREEZES, AM MODERATE | AM FOGGY | PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 207139 |