Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 7.631282 * Median Longitude: 88.541795 * South-bound Latitude: 3.150000 * West-bound Longitude: 80.840000 * North-bound Latitude: 14.330000 * East-bound Longitude: 95.090000

Date/Time Start: 1758-12-18T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1759-02-16T00:00:00

Event(s):

Queenborough_17581218_NMM_ADM/L/Q22 * Latitude Start: 18.500000 * Longitude Start: 72.820000 * Latitude End: 12.100000 * Longitude End: 80.500000 * Date/Time Start: 1758-12-18T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1759-02-16T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Queenborough (6th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Bombay - Madras, 1st Observer: Digby Dent (Captain), 2nd Observer: Peter Porter (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 24G 508BM

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
7	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
8	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
9	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
11	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12	Comment	Comment		Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
13	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
14	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15	Current direction description	Cur dir descr		Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
16	Current speed description	V descr
17	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
18	Precipitation description	Precip descr
19	State of the sea description	State sea descr
20	Clearness	Clearness
21	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
22	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
23	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
24	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
25	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
26	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
27	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
28	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1184 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	9 - (1 If position is considered t...)	10 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	11 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	12 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...)	13 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	14 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	15 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...)	16 V descr	17 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	18 Precip descr	19 State sea descr	20 Clearness	21 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	22 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	28 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1758-12-18T00:00	18.07		90		DABUL	E	4						NW, NBE, EBS, E			FRESH LAND AND SEA BREEZES				0	0	206309
1758-12-19T00:00	18.07		90	2.6	DABUL	E	4						NW, NBE, EBS, E			LITTLE WIND			CLEAR	0	0	206310
1758-12-20T00:00	17.15		270	2.6	CAPE DOBBS	EBN	4						NWBW, N, NEBE, W			LITTLE WIND			CLEAR	0	0	206311
1758-12-21T00:00	15.72		135	2.6	VINGORLA ROCKS	NBE	4						NWBN, EBN, SE			LITTLE WIND			CLEAR	0	0	206312
1758-12-22T00:00	14.72		113		EXTREAMS OF THE LAND	NBE1/2E TO ESE	8						NW, N, NE, E, ESE			FIRST PART LITTLE WIN, LATTER FRESH LAND WIND				0	0	206313
1758-12-23T00:00	13.65		90	2.6	EXTREAMS	N TO SE	3	1					EBS, N, EBN, EBS, E			LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206314
1758-12-24T00:00	12.48		79	2.6	MOUNT FORMOSA	SEBE1/2E	7						NW, E, EBN			LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206315
1758-12-25T00:00	11.78		68	2.6	MOUNT DILLA	NNE1/2E	7						E, WBS, NEBE, E, ENE			LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206316
1758-12-26T00:00	11.10		146	2.6	CALCUTT	EBN	5						SW, NWBW, NWBN, E, SEBS			LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206317
1758-12-27T00:00	9.95		45	2.6	COCKEN	ENE	2	1					WNW, SWBS, EBN, ENE, NE			LITTLE WIND. AT 12 FRESH LAND WIND			FAIR	0	0	206318
1758-12-28T00:00	9.40		101	2.6	EXTREAMS	ESE TO NEBN	5						NW, CALM, EBS			LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206319
1758-12-29T00:00	8.90		90	2.6	QUILON FLAG	E1/2N	4						W, SWBS, SE, SEBE, E			LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206320
1758-12-30T00:00			270	2.6	ANJANGO	SE	3	1					ENE, E, W			LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206321
1758-12-31T00:00			45	2.6									NNW, NE	SSE	4 FATHOMS	LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206322
1759-01-01T00:00	8.33		68	2.6	EXTREAMS OF THE LAND	ESE TO NBW	4						SSW, ENE, NEBE, ENE	SET SSE	4 FATHOMS	LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206323
1759-01-02T00:00	7.77		45	19.0	EXTREAMS	NBE TO NEBE							SWBS, NE, NEBE, NE	NBE	3 FATHOMS	FIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES			FIRST PART FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY	0	0	206324
1759-01-03T00:00	7.07		23	19.0	CAPE COPERINE	N47W	25		S53E	74.00			NE, NEBN, NNE	NONE FOUND		FRESH GALES			CLOUDY	0	0	206325
1759-01-04T00:00	6.20		45	6.7	EXTREAMS	EBS TO N	8						SW, WBS, SBE, ENE, NE, E	WBN	4 FATHOMS	FIRST PART FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE			FIRST PART HAZY	0	0	206326
1759-01-05T00:00	6.03		90	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	ENE1/2E	3	1					SW, SBE, NE, E			LIGHT WINDS			CLOUDY	0	0	206327
1759-01-06T00:00	6.03		158	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	E1/2N	2	1			CURRENT SET WBN TILL 7AM THEN SLACKENED AND AT 1/2 PAST 10 WEIGHED NO CURRENT		ENE, EBS, NE, SSE		5 FATHOMS	LITTLE WINDS			CLOUDY	0	0	206328
1759-01-07T07:00	5.25	80.84	34	6.7	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N37W	21		S37E	64.00		0	WBN, ESE, ENE, NEBN	SET TO THE S		FIRST PART LITTLE WIND, LATTER MODERATE			FIRST PART CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR	0	0	206329
1759-01-08T07:00	4.35	82.04	23	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N46W	51		S53E	90.00		0	NE, NEBN, NNE	SET SWBS	1 KT	FIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER LITTLE WIND			FIRST PART FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY	0	0	206330
1759-01-09T06:00	3.73	82.94	34	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N50W	73		S56E	66.00	CURRENT AT 4 SET SW, AT 7 SET SWBW	0	NNE, NE, NEBN	SW-SWBW	AT 4 4 FATHOMS, AT 7 6 FATHOMS	LITTLE WIND			CLOUDY	0	0	206331
1759-01-10T06:00	4.00	83.46	135		POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N53W	82		N63E	35.00	CURRENT AT 1/2 PAST 5 WSW, BY OBSERVATION SET TO THE N	0	NEBN, NEBE, ESE, SE	WSW-N	5 FATHOMS	FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER SQUALLY	MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN		FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	1	206332
1759-01-11T06:00	4.22	83.91	23	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N63W	83		N64E	30.00		0	NEBN, NBE, SE, ENE, N, NNE	SET NW	6 FATHOMS, AT 1/2 PAST 2AM 1 KT	FIRST AND LATTER LITTLE WIND, MIDDLE SQUALLY, AT 2AM AND 1/2 PAST 2AM TAKEN ABACK	MIDDLE HARD RAIN		FIRST AND LATTER CLOUDY	0	1	206333
1759-01-12T06:00	4.55	85.24	45		POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	NWBW	107		S81E	81.00		0	NNE, NBE, NEBE, NE	SET NNW	4 FATHOMS	FIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY	LATTER RAIN		FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	1	206334
1759-01-13T06:00	3.83	86.08	11		POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N69W	125		S81E	50.00	CURRENT AT 4PM SET W, AT 7 SET NNW	0	NE, NW, NBW, NBE	W-NNW	AT 4PM 2 FATHOMS, AT 7 3 FATHOMS	FIRST AND LATTER PARTS SQUALLY, MIDDLE CALM	FIRST AND LATTER RAIN	LARGE SWELL TO N	MIDDLE CLOUDY	0	1	206335
1759-01-14T06:00	3.27	87.23	34	6.7	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N63W	151		S64E	77.00		0	NNE, NEBE, NEBN			FIRST PART SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE	FIRST PART RAIN	SWELL FROM NE	LATTER CLOUDY	0	1	206336
1759-01-15T06:00	3.52	87.56	270	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N72W	153		N53E	25.00	AT 5 NO CURRENT, AT 1/2 PAST 7 SET WNW	0	NE, EBN, N, ENE, N, NW, W	WNW	AT 7 4 FATHOMS	FIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER LITTLE WIND	LATTER RAIN		FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	1	206337
1759-01-16T06:00	4.52	88.89	349		POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N80W	176		N54E	100.00	NO CURRENT AT 7AM	0	NW, NBE, NBW	SET WNW	3 FATHOMS	FIRST PART LITTLE WIND	FIRST PART RAIN		MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY	0	1	206338
1759-01-17T06:00	4.72	89.88	11	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N82W	195		N79E	60.00	CURRENT 5PM SET NNW	0	N, NBW, NEBN, NBE	NNW	5 FATHOMS	FIRST AND LATTER PARTS LITTLE WIND, MIDDLE SQUALLY	MIDDLE RAIN		FIRST AND LATTER CLOUDY	0	1	206339
1759-01-19T06:00	4.23	90.83	45	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N80W	216		SE	24.00	CURRENT AT 4 WSW, AT 6 WNW, AT NOON W	0	NE, NEBE, E, NE	WSW-WNW-W	AT 4 6 FATHOMS, AT 6 6 FATHOMS, AT NOON 1KT 1 FATH	LITTLE WIND	HARD SHOWERS OF RAIN			1	1	206340
1759-01-20T06:00	3.67	91.76	23	6.7	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N78W	236		S59E	66.00	CURRENT AT 5 W, AT 8 SWBW	0	NNE, NEBN, NNE	W-SWBW	AT 5 1 KT 1 FATHOM, AT 8 4 FATHOMS	MODERATE			CLOUDY	0	0	206341
1759-01-21T06:00	3.15	92.78	23	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N79W	257		S63E	61.00	CURRENT AT 6PM WBS, AT 6 NW	0	NNE, NEBN, NNE	WBS-NW	4 FATHOMS	LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206342
1759-01-22T06:00	3.27	93.28	68	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N78W	267		N60E	34.00	CURRENT AT 5 W, AT 6AM NW	0	NE, NNE, NE, ENE	W-NW	AT 5 4 FATHOMS, AT 6 6 FATHOMS	LITTLE WIND			CLEAR	0	0	206343
1759-01-23T06:00	4.40	93.14	90	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N83W	260		N16W	71.00	CURRENT AT 5 NW, AT 8AM NBW	0	ENE, EBN, E	NW-NBW	AT 5 4 FATHOMS, AT 8AM 6 FATHOMS	LITTLE WINDS			CLEAR	0	0	206344
1759-01-24T06:00	4.97	93.03	90	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N85W	257		N6W	35.00	CURRENT 5PM NNW, AM NWBN	0	ESE, EBS, E	NNW-NWBN	5PM 1KT, AM 6 FATHOMS	LITTLE WIND			CLOUDY	0	0	206345
1759-01-25T06:00	5.27	93.08	361	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N86W	257		N11E	18.00	CURRENT 5PM WNW, AM WSW	0	EBS, CALM	WNW-WSW	5 FATHOMS	LITTLE WIND			CLOUDY	0	0	206346
1759-01-26T06:00	5.20	93.91	11	6.7	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N86W	280		S85E	50.00		0	EBN, NW, N, NBW, NBE	PM SW, AM SWBS	PM 4 FATHOMS, AM 6 FATHOMS	FIRST PART SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE	FIRST PART RAIN		LATTER FAIR	0	1	206347
1759-01-27T06:00	4.90	95.09	34	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N85W	299		S76E	73.00		0	NEBN, NNE, NEBN	PM SW, AM WBS	PM 1 KT 1 FA, AM 1KT	FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, LATTER LITTLE WINDS			FIRST PART FAIR	0	0	206348
1759-01-28T06:00	5.58	94.88	23	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	N88W	294		N18W	43.00		0	ENE, NNE	PM WNW, AM NWBW	PM 1 KT, AM 5 FA	LITTLE WIND			CLEAR	0	0	206349
1759-01-29T06:00	6.42	94.81	90	2.6	POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	S89W	294		N6W	51.00	CURRENT 5PM WNW, 8AM NWBN	0	NNE, ENE, E	WNW-NWBN	5PM 3 FA, 8AM 5 FA	FIRST AND LATTER PARTS LITTLE WIND, MIDDLE SQUALLY	MIDDLE RAIN			0	1	206350
1759-01-30T06:00	6.98	94.88	90		POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	S87W	295		N6E	35.00	CURRENT 5PM NWBN, AM E	0	ESE, WNW, E	NWBN-E	5PM 3 FA, AM 3 FA	FIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY	LATTER RAIN		FIRST PART CLEAR	0	1	206351
1759-01-31T06:00	7.45	94.71	68		POINT DE GALLE FLAGG	S85W	277		N20W	29.00	PM NE, AM NO CURRENT	0	NEBN, NNW, EBN, ENE		PM 3 FA	FIRST PART LITTLE WIND AND VARIABLE	FIRST PART RAIN			0	1	206352
1759-02-01T06:00	8.15	94.01	34	6.7	POINT DE GALLE	S81W	279		NW	59.00	CURRENT 5PM NO CURRENT, 8AM SWBS	0	NE, NEBN	SWBS	8AM 2 FA	MODERATE			FAIR	0	0	206353
1759-02-02T06:00	9.32	93.18	56	6.7	POINT DE GALLE	S78W	266		N39W	90.00	CURRENT 5PM WBN, 8AM NWBW	0	NEBN, NE, NEBE	WBN-NWBW	5PM 3 FA, 8AM 3 FA	MODERATE			FAIR	0	0	206354
1759-02-03T06:00	10.38	91.89	68	6.7	POINT DE GALLE	S71W	260		N29W	73.00	CURRENT 1/2 PAST 4 WNW, AM N	0	NE, NEBE, ENE	WNW-N	1/2 PAST 4 3 FA, AM 1 FA	MODERATE			CLEAR	0	0	206355
1759-02-04T06:00	11.33	90.70	56	2.6	POINT DE GALLE	S66W	258		N29W	65.00	CURRENT 5PM NWBN, AM W	0	NE, ENE, NEBE	NWBN-W	5PM 4 FA, AM 2 FA	LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206356
1759-02-05T06:00	11.87	89.64	11	2.6	POINT DE GALLE	S63W	260		N37W	40.00		0	NEBN, NBE	PM WSW, AM WBS	PM 5 FA, AM 5 FA	LITTLE WIND			FAIR	0	0	206357
1759-02-06T06:00	12.10	88.62	361		POINT DE GALLE	S61W	251		N56W	25.00	CURRENT 3PM WBS, AM NWBW	0	NE, E, CALM	WBS-NWBW	3PM 2 FA, AM 2 FA	FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS			FIRST PART FAIR	0	0	206358
1759-02-07T06:00	12.33	87.73	68	2.6	POINT DE GALLE	S60W	249		N49W	21.00		0	CALM, NE, ENE	PM NW, AM SBE	PM 3 FA, AM 1 1/2 FA	FIRST PART CALM, LATTER LITTLE WIND			LATTER FAIR	0	0	206359
1759-02-08T06:00	13.00	86.61	135	2.6	POINT DE GALLE	S56W	249		NWBN	49.00		0	ENE, SE	PM NBW, AM NNW	PM 3 FA, AM 4 FA	LITTLE WIND			CLOUDY	0	0	206360
1759-02-09T06:00	13.53	84.80	225	9.3	POINT DE GALLE	S51W	233		N63W	71.00		0	SWBS, SW	5PM NBE, 6AM N	5PM 3 FA	FIRST PART LITTLE WIND, LATTER FRESH BREEZE			LATTER FAIR	0	0	206361
1759-02-10T06:00	13.97	83.11	203		POINT DE GALLE	S46W	227		N67W	65.00		0	SW, SWBS, SBE, SSE, SSW	3PM NE, NIGHT S	3PM 2 1/2 FA, NIGHT 3 FA	FIRST PART LITTLE WIND			FIRST PART FAIR	0	0	206362
1759-02-11T07:00	14.17	82.00	191	9.3					S61W	31.00	CURRENT AT 3 E	0	SSW, SSE, S, SBW	W	4 FA	FIRST PART LITTLE WIND, LATTER FRESH BREEZES				0	0	206363
1759-02-12T07:00	14.33	81.08	203	6.7	PULLICAT	S46W	21		S66W	24.00	CURRENT SET SHIP 25 MILES TO THE N	0	EBS, SBW, SSW	N		MODERATE			HAZY	0	0	206364
1759-02-13T07:00	14.17	82.06	214	9.3	PULLICAT	S71W	36		EBS	58.00		0	S, SBW, SWBS	9 MILE N		FRESH BREEZE			HAZY	0	0	206365
1759-02-14T07:00	13.92	82.31	248	6.7	PULLICAT	S80W	41		SE	22.00		0	SBW, S, WSW	5AM NNE	2 FA	MODERATE			CLEAR	0	0	206366
1759-02-15T07:00	13.60	81.14	45	9.3	PULLICAT	W	16		S78W	73.00		0	WSW, SWBW, NE, ENE, NE	4 MILE S		FIRST PART LITTLE WIND, LATTER FRESH BREEZES			LATTER FAIR	0	0	206367
1759-02-16T00:00	13.63		90	9.3		SSW	5	1			CURRENT AT 12 NNW		NEBN, ENE, E	NNW	1 KT 4 FA	FRESH BREEZES			HAZY	0	0	206368