García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Queen Charlotte cruise from Sandwich Islands to Macao started at 1787-09-19 [dataset]. Nederlands Instituut voor Wetenschappelijke Inform, Amsterdam, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751643, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 15.989608 * Median Longitude: 159.843725 * South-bound Latitude: 12.850000 * West-bound Longitude: 113.550000 * North-bound Latitude: 22.370000 * East-bound Longitude: -159.980000
Date/Time Start: 1787-09-19T23:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1787-11-09T04:00:00
Event(s):
Queen_Charlotte_17870919_NIWI-F-1576 * Latitude Start: 21.480000 * Longitude Start: -159.000000 * Latitude End: 21.700000 * Longitude End: 113.857000 * Date/Time Start: 1787-09-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1787-11-09T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Queen Charlotte, Voyage: Sandwich Islands - Macao, 1st Observer: G. Dixon (Captain), Other ship information: BETREFT EEN GEDRUKTE REIS IN: G. DIXON, A VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD, BUT MORE PARTICULARLY TO THE NORTH-WEST COAST OF AMERICA, PERFORMED IN 1785, 1786, 1787 AND 1788 IN THE KING GEORGE AND QUEEN CHARLOTTE. CAPTAINS PORTLOCK AND DIXON. LONDON, 1789
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Temperature, air | TTT | °C | |||
| 7 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 8 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 9 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 10 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of second landmark | |||
| 11 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the second landmark | |||
| 12 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the second landmark | ||
| 13 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 14 | Watch | Watch | Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships | |||
| 15 | Glasses | Glasses | Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses | |||
| 16 | Comment | Comment | Any remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about any biological item | |||
| 17 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 18 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 19 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the (outside) air thermometer | ||
| 20 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 21 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 22 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 23 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 24 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 25 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 26 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 27 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 28 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 29 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 30 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 31 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 32 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
930 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 TTT [°C] | 7 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 8 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 9 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 10 Landmark (Name of second landmark) | 11 Bearing (Bearing of the second landmark) | 12 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the second landmark) | 13 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 14 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...) | 15 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...) | 16 Comment (Any remark, found in the logb...) | 17 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 18 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 19 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...) | 20 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 21 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 22 ww (Weather description) | 23 Precip descr | 24 State sea descr | 25 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 26 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 27 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 28 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 29 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 30 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 31 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 32 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1787-09-19T23:00 | 20.92 | -159.98 | 77 | 9.3 | 27.8 | VM | 8 | UNDER SAIL FOR CHINA. | 9 | 82.00 | ENE | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205801 | ||||||||||
| 1787-09-20T23:00 | 19.18 | -160.55 | 99 | 9.3 | 25.8 | VM | 8 | 9 | 78.50 | EAST | FRESH BREEZES | CLEAR | A SWELL FROM THE EASTWARD. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205802 | ||||||||||
| 1787-09-21T23:00 | 18.38 | -161.22 | 99 | 25.0 | VM | 8 | 9 | 77.00 | EAST | SQUALLY | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205803 | ||||||||||||
| 1787-09-22T23:00 | 17.22 | -161.42 | 53 | 9.3 | 26.1 | VM | 8 | 8 | 79.00 | NE | FRESH BREEZES | FINE PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205804 | |||||||||||
| 1787-09-23T23:00 | 15.47 | -162.95 | 99 | 9.3 | 25.8 | VM | 8 | 9 | 78.50 | EAST | FRESH BREEZES | SQUALLY RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205805 | |||||||||||
| 1787-09-24T23:00 | 13.93 | -164.03 | 99 | 12.3 | 25.0 | VM | 8 | 9 | 77.00 | EAST | STRONG BREEZES | CLEAR WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205806 | |||||||||||
| 1787-09-25T23:00 | 13.37 | -166.23 | 99 | 9.3 | 26.7 | VM | 8 | 9 | 80.00 | EAST | FRESH BREEZES | PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205807 | |||||||||||
| 1787-09-26T23:00 | 13.58 | -167.80 | 100 | 26.4 | VM | 8 | 10 | 79.50 | EAST | SQUALLY RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205808 | |||||||||||||
| 1787-09-27T23:00 | 13.62 | -168.33 | 111 | 27.8 | VM | 8 | 10 | 82.00 | NE-EBS | SQUALLY RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205809 | |||||||||||||
| 1787-09-28T23:00 | 13.68 | -171.58 | 78 | 22.6 | 27.5 | VM | 8 | 10 | 81.50 | ENE | A STRONG GALE | SQUALLY | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205810 | |||||||||||
| 1787-09-30T00:00 | 13.60 | -173.47 | 79 | 22.6 | 26.7 | VM | 8 | 11 | 80.00 | ENE | A STRONG GALE | HEAVY RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205811 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-01T00:00 | 13.72 | -175.47 | 124 | 9.3 | 27.5 | VM | 8 | 11 | 81.50 | ENE-ESE | FRESH BREEZES | LIGHTNING | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 205812 | ||||||||||
| 1787-10-02T00:00 | 13.67 | -176.33 | 90 | 2.6 | 27.8 | VM | 8 | 11 | 82.00 | ESE-EBN | LIGHT WINDS | CLOUDY | A SWELL FROM THE NORTHWARD. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205813 | ||||||||||
| 1787-10-03T00:00 | 13.60 | -177.73 | 80 | 2.6 | 28.6 | VM | 8 | 12 | 83.50 | ENE | LIGHT BREEZES | FINE WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205814 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-04T00:00 | 13.73 | -179.53 | 80 | 9.3 | 28.3 | VM | 8 | 12 | 83.00 | ENE | FRESH BREEZES | SQUALLY LIGHTNING | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 205815 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-05T00:00 | 13.78 | 178.73 | 102 | 9.3 | 28.1 | VM | 8 | THE LOGBOOK DID NOT SKIP A DAY AFTER CROSSING THE DATE-LINE. CORRECTED THIS ACCORDINGLY UNTIL 14 JUNE 1788, WHEN THE LOGBOOKS SKIPS A DAY | 12 | 82.50 | EAST | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205816 | ||||||||||
| 1787-10-06T00:00 | 13.78 | 177.62 | 147 | 2.6 | 28.9 | VM | 8 | 12 | 84.00 | SE | LIGHT WINDS | LIGHTNING IN THE NE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 205817 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-07T00:00 | 13.82 | 176.15 | 125 | 27.5 | VM | 8 | 12 | 81.50 | ESE | SQUALLY HEAVY RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205818 | |||||||||||||
| 1787-10-08T00:00 | 13.68 | 174.98 | 102 | 9.3 | 28.9 | VM | 8 | 12 | 84.00 | EAST | FRESH BREEZES | FINE WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205819 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-09T01:00 | 13.40 | 172.38 | 80 | 9.3 | 27.8 | VM | 8 | 12 | 82.00 | ENE | FRESH BREEZES | SQUALLY RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205820 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-10T01:00 | 13.20 | 170.48 | 80 | 9.3 | 27.8 | VM | 8 | 12 | 82.00 | ENE | FRESH BREEZES | HEAVY SQUALLS RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205821 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-11T01:00 | 13.30 | 169.40 | 91 | 2.6 | 28.3 | VM | 8 | 12 | 83.00 | SSE-EBN | LIGHT WINDS | CLOUDY | A HEAVY SWELL FROM THE S. E. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205822 | ||||||||||
| 1787-10-12T01:00 | 13.08 | 167.90 | 91 | 27.2 | VM | 8 | 12 | 81.00 | EBN | SQUALLY | A SWELL FROM THE NORTHWARD. | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205823 | ||||||||||||
| 1787-10-13T01:00 | 13.13 | 165.63 | 101 | 9.3 | 28.3 | VM | 8 | 11 | 83.00 | EAST | FRESH BREEZES | FINE WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205824 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-14T01:00 | 13.07 | 163.67 | 90 | 28.6 | VM | 8 | 11 | 83.50 | EBN | THUNDER LIGHTNING | HEAVY SQUALLS RAIN | A SWELL FROM THE EASTWARD. | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 205825 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-15T01:00 | 12.85 | 161.53 | 78 | 27.5 | VM | 8 | 10 | 81.50 | ENE | SQUALLY THUNDER LIGHTNING | RAIN | A HEAVY SEA FROM THE EASTWARD. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 205826 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-16T01:00 | 13.15 | 159.97 | 145 | 25.0 | VM | 8 | 10 | 77.00 | SE | SQUALLY RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205827 | |||||||||||||
| 1787-10-17T01:00 | 13.07 | 157.97 | 362 | 9.3 | 28.1 | VM | 8 | 10 | 82.50 | VARIABLE | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205828 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-18T02:00 | 13.37 | 156.22 | 53 | 9.3 | 26.7 | VM | 8 | 8 | 80.00 | NE | FRESH BREEZES | SQUALLY RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205829 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-19T02:00 | 13.37 | 153.93 | 53 | 12.3 | 27.8 | VM | 8 | 8 | 82.00 | NE | STRONG BREEZES | LIGHTNING | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 205830 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-20T02:00 | 13.42 | 151.83 | 75 | 26.7 | VM | 8 | 7 | 80.00 | ENE | SQUALLY RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205831 | |||||||||||||
| 1787-10-21T02:00 | 14.02 | 149.47 | 86 | 28.1 | VM | 8 | 7 | 82.50 | EBN | SQUALLY RAIN | A HEAVY SWELL FROM THE N. E. | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205832 | ||||||||||||
| 1787-10-22T02:00 | 14.18 | 147.73 | 75 | 6.7 | 28.3 | VM | 8 | SAW SEVERAL BIRDS FISH ROUND THE SHIP. | 7 | 83.00 | ENE | MODERATE | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205833 | ||||||||||
| 1787-10-23T02:00 | 14.78 | 145.73 | 73 | 9.3 | 28.9 | LAND | N80W | 6 | AGUIGAN, (18:00) | N83E | 5 | VM | 8 | 5 | 84.00 | ENE | FRESH BREEZES | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205834 | |||||
| 1787-10-24T02:00 | 15.42 | 143.55 | 73 | 9.3 | 28.3 | VM | 8 | 5 | 83.00 | ENE | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205835 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-25T03:00 | 16.17 | 141.43 | 60 | 28.3 | VM | 8 | 4 | 83.00 | NEBE | SQUALLY RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205836 | |||||||||||||
| 1787-10-26T03:00 | 16.57 | 139.53 | 94 | 9.3 | 28.6 | VM | 8 | 4 | 83.50 | EAST | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205837 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-27T03:00 | 16.95 | 137.40 | 70 | 9.3 | 28.9 | VM | 8 | 2 | 84.00 | ENE | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205838 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-28T03:00 | 17.43 | 134.68 | 47 | 19.0 | 28.6 | VM | 8 | 2 | 83.50 | NE | A FRESH GALE | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205839 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-29T03:00 | 18.40 | 132.27 | 114 | 28.1 | VM | 8 | 1 | 82.50 | ESE | SQUALLY RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205840 | |||||||||||||
| 1787-10-30T03:00 | 19.03 | 130.27 | 114 | 9.3 | 27.8 | VM | 8 | 1 | 82.00 | ESE | A FRESH BREEZE | FINE WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205841 | |||||||||||
| 1787-10-31T03:00 | 19.32 | 128.55 | 69 | 6.7 | 29.2 | VM | 8 | 1 | 84.50 | ENE | MODERATE BREEZES | FINE WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205842 | |||||||||||
| 1787-11-01T03:00 | 19.87 | 128.00 | 69 | 6.7 | 28.9 | VM | 8 | NUMBERS OF FISH BIRDS ROUND THE SHIP | 1 | 84.00 | ENE | MODERATE BREEZES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205843 | |||||||||||
| 1787-11-02T04:00 | 20.97 | 126.80 | 68 | 6.7 | 29.4 | VM | 8 | 0 | 85.00 | ENE | MODERATE BREEZES | FINE WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205844 | |||||||||||
| 1787-11-03T04:00 | 21.03 | 124.00 | 362 | 9.3 | 27.8 | VM | 8 | 0 | 82.00 | VARIABLE | FRESH BREEZES | SQUALLY THUNDER LIGHTNING | RAIN | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 205845 | ||||||||||
| 1787-11-04T04:00 | 21.10 | 122.60 | 45 | 22.6 | 25.6 | VM | 8 | 0 | 78.00 | NE | STRONG GALES | A HEAVY SWELL FROM THE NW | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205846 | |||||||||||
| 1787-11-05T04:00 | 21.40 | 121.17 | 90 | 9.3 | 26.7 | SMALL ISLAND (14:00) | N40W | 5 | VM | 8 | AT TWO PM SAW A SMALL ISLAND BEARING N40W, FOUR OR FIVE LEAGUES. AND SOON AFTERWARDS ANOTHER ISLAND TO THE NORTHWARD OF THE FIRST. AT EIGHT PM STOOD TO THE SOUTHWARD, UNDER AN EASY SAIL | 0 | 80.00 | EAST | FRESH BREEZES | DARK CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205847 | |||||||
| 1787-11-06T04:00 | 21.58 | 120.38 | 362 | 26.1 | BASHEE ISLANDS (14:00) | S37E | 7 | VM | 8 | 0 | 79.00 | VARIABLE | SQUALLY RAINY WEATHER | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205848 | ||||||||||
| 1787-11-07T04:00 | 21.62 | 118.08 | 360 | 22.6 | 24.4 | VM | 8 | 0 | 76.00 | NE-NORTH | STRONG GALES | CLOUDY | A HEAVY SWELL FROM THE NORTHWARD. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205849 | ||||||||||
| 1787-11-08T04:00 | 22.37 | 115.07 | 23 | 19.0 | 23.9 | LAND (08:00) | NW | 5 | VM | 8 | SOUNDED 25 FATHOMS, GREY AND WITH BLACK SPECKS. | 0 | 75.00 | NNE | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205850 | |||||||
| 1787-11-09T04:00 | 22.12 | 113.55 | 45 | 9.3 | 26.4 | PEAK OF LINTIN | N79E | MACAO | W1/2S | 1 | VM | 8 | GOT A PILOT FOR MACAO, AND AT 11 PM CAME TO IN THE ROADS IN SIX FATHOMS WATER | 0 | 79.50 | NE | FRESH BREEZES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 205851 |