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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Prinses Marianne cruise from Rotterdam to Batavia started at 1835-09-01 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751596, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -10.736058 * Median Longitude: 20.310962 * South-bound Latitude: -38.680000 * West-bound Longitude: -28.520000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.080000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1835-09-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1835-12-15T05:00:00
Event(s):
Prinses_Marianne_18350901_B_REIS_12 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1835-09-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1835-12-15T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Prinses Marianne, Voyage: Rotterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: A. Plug (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
12 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
15 Present weatherwwWeather description
16 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
17 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
18 Cloud typeCloud type
19 ClearnessClearness
20 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
21 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
22 FogFog1 If fog was reported
23 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
24 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25 HailHail1 If hail was reported
26 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1765 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

PPPP [hPa]

-

Watch

Glasses
10 
Decl [deg]
11 
Wind scale ref [#]
12 
Reading [arbitrary units]
13 
Wind dir descr
14 
Wind force descr
15 
ww
16 
Precip descr
17 
State sea descr
18 
Cloud type
19 
Clearness
20 
Gusts
21 
Rain
22 
Fog
23 
Snow
24 
Thunder
25 
Hail
26 
Sea ice
27 
ID
1835-09-01T00:001246.71VM84ZOTO4H000000000203169
1835-09-02T00:0051.13906.714O4H010000000203170
1835-09-03T12:0050.08-2.032024.61015.91-233761.90ZW3W120010000203171
1835-09-04T12:0049.92-4.452682.61009.31-252757.00WNW2H000000000203172
1835-09-05T12:0049.40-5.00990.01014.7-250761.00ZOTO2-0H000000000203173
1835-09-06T12:0048.85-6.07432.61017.3-252763.00ONO20000000203174
1835-09-07T12:0048.20-7.452232.61017.3-252763.00WZW2V101000000203175
1835-09-08T12:0046.90-6.8029212.31010.7-236758.00NW6W001000000203176
1835-09-09T13:0044.97-8.902684.61020.0-253765.00WNW30000000203177
1835-09-10T13:0043.27-9.57204.61014.7-253761.00NO3V000000000203178
1835-09-11T13:0040.90-10.63229.31014.7-235761.00NO5V040000000203179
1835-09-12T13:0037.90-12.023609.31018.7-235764.00NNO5H010000000203180
1835-09-13T13:0034.88-14.3514.61018.7-223764.00NNO3V010000000203181
1835-09-14T13:0032.62-15.583620.01020.0-220765.00VARIABEL2-0H000000000203182
1835-09-15T13:0031.43-16.983622.61020.0-202765.00VARIABEL20000000203183
1835-09-16T13:0029.77-18.0539.31020.0-205765.00NNO5V000000000203184
1835-09-17T13:0027.10-19.4746.71020.0-194765.00NNO4V040000000203185
1835-09-18T13:0024.53-20.92266.71018.7-194764.00NO4H010000000203186
1835-09-19T14:0021.85-22.65519.31017.3-175763.00ONO5V040000000203187
1835-09-20T14:0019.32-24.60512.61013.3-172760.00ONO2H010000000203188
1835-09-21T14:0017.08-25.60742.61017.3-162763.00O2H010000000203189
1835-09-22T14:0014.68-26.12299.31013.3-165760.00NO5H010000000203190
1835-09-23T14:0012.28-25.001092.61013.3-152760.00ZOTO2V10, V031000000203191
1835-09-24T14:0010.32-24.901656.71013.3-154760.00Z4V030000000203192
1835-09-25T14:009.93-23.221880.01013.3-150760.00ZZW2-0V101000000203193
1835-09-26T13:009.17-22.172082.61018.7-172764.00ZW2V030000000203194
1835-09-27T13:008.82-21.272316.71018.7-174764.00WZW4V10, V031000000203195
1835-09-28T13:007.25-20.682202.61016.0-162762.00ZWTW2V030000000203196
1835-09-29T13:006.00-19.222326.71013.3-164760.00WZW4V03, V101000000203197
1835-09-30T13:004.37-17.832326.71000.0-164750.00WZW4V00H000000000203198
1835-10-01T13:002.33-15.901856.71013.3-184760.00ZZW4H000000000203199
1835-10-02T13:001.25-14.881629.31020.0-185765.00Z50000000203200
1835-10-03T13:000.83-17.281409.31013.3-185760.00ZZO50000000203201
1835-10-04T13:000.13-19.401196.71013.3-164760.00ZO4V00H000000000203202
1835-10-05T13:00-1.47-20.971196.71013.3-164760.00ZO40000000203203
1835-10-06T13:00-3.25-21.921206.71013.3-154760.00ZO4V00H000000000203204
1835-10-07T14:00-5.75-23.581116.71013.3-134760.00ZOTO40000000203205
1835-10-08T14:00-8.73-25.251236.71013.3-124760.00ZO4V010000000203206
1835-10-09T14:00-11.93-26.33679.31013.3-125760.00OTN50000000203207
1835-10-10T14:00-15.18-27.20794.61013.3-113760.00O3H000000000203208
1835-10-11T14:00-17.82-27.80616.71013.3-74760.00ONO4V00H000000000203209
1835-10-12T14:00-20.27-28.52279.31013.3-75760.00NOTN50000000203210
1835-10-13T14:00-22.13-27.922414.61020.0-73765.00WZW3V030000000203211
1835-10-14T14:00-23.98-26.482054.61020.0-93765.00ZWTZ3H000000000203212
1835-10-15T14:00-25.13-24.731262.61022.7-92767.00ZO2H00, H010000000203213
1835-10-16T14:00-25.97-24.78819.3-95O50000000203214
1835-10-17T14:00-28.43-23.606022.61017.3-89763.00ONO9Z010000000203215
1835-10-18T14:00-30.43-22.536015.41016.0-87762.00ONO7H010000000203216
1835-10-19T13:00-32.28-21.625712.31014.7-116761.00ONO60000000203217
1835-10-20T13:00-34.32-19.983519.01022.7-108767.00NO80000000203218
1835-10-21T13:00-35.62-17.751315.41013.3-107760.00NNO7W220100000203219
1835-10-22T13:00-36.82-14.772572.61006.7-132755.00W2H00, H010000000203220
1835-10-23T13:00-37.63-12.871476.71009.3-114757.00ZZO4H000000000203221
1835-10-24T13:00-36.73-9.8076.71020.0-164765.00NNO4W11V030010000203222
1835-10-25T13:00-35.90-8.023554.61017.3-163763.00NTO3H010000000203223
1835-10-26T12:00-36.20-3.95266.71013.3-194760.00NO40000000203224
1835-10-27T12:00-36.60-0.683386.71008.9-224756.65N40000000203225
1835-10-28T12:00-36.283.203144.6-243NNW3H000000000203226
1835-10-29T12:00-36.286.6019015.41012.0-247759.00ZWTZ7V101000000203227
1835-10-30T11:00-36.7010.8710915.41006.7-267755.00ZO7V030000000203228
1835-10-31T11:00-35.7514.0213012.31020.0-286765.00ZZO6V03, V00H010000000203229
1835-11-01T11:00-34.8716.671074.61010.7-283758.00ZO3H000000000203230
1835-11-02T11:00-35.7016.081752.61008.0-282756.00ZZW2W100010000203231
1835-11-03T11:00-36.6216.071306.71004.0-284753.00ZZO5-4H000000000203232
1835-11-04T11:00-36.9019.131064.61006.7-293755.00ZO3H00, H010000000203233
1835-11-05T11:00-35.8022.13276.71012.0-294759.00NOTO4V030000000203234
1835-11-06T10:00-37.8723.383082.61005.3-302754.00NNW6-2V03H000000000203235
1835-11-07T10:00-38.2226.622299.31000.0-305750.00WTZ5V040000000203236
1835-11-08T10:00-38.6829.22949.31005.3-305754.00ZOTO5V040000000203237
1835-11-09T10:00-37.1531.50612.6998.7-292749.00O2W220100000203238
1835-11-10T10:00-36.1233.4712912.31000.0-296750.00ZZO6V10, V041000000203239
1835-11-11T10:00-36.7334.8333112.31005.3-296754.00N6W20V10, V031100000203240
1835-11-12T10:00-36.8837.0727515.41001.3-297751.00NWTW7W210100000203241
1835-11-13T09:00-38.2841.272966.71000.0-304750.00NWTN4V030000000203242
1835-11-14T09:00-38.1844.7519515.4998.7-307749.00ZW7W00W201100000203243
1835-11-15T09:00-37.7549.282190.0-290WZW3-0W20V101100000203244
1835-11-16T09:00-37.7352.282646.71014.7-294761.00WNW40000000203245
1835-11-17T08:00-38.1255.072886.71010.7-274758.00NW4H010000000203246
1835-11-18T08:00-38.5359.881996.71006.7-264755.00ZW4W20V030100000203247
1835-11-19T08:00-38.3764.082906.71005.3-254754.00NW40000000203248
1835-11-20T08:00-38.1266.822004.61004.0-253753.00ZW3H010000000203249
1835-11-21T07:00-38.0270.808915.41005.3-247754.00OZO7W110010000203250
1835-11-22T07:00-36.7773.7311712.31006.7-186755.00ZO60000000203251
1835-11-23T07:00-35.2575.231066.71009.3-184757.00ZOTO4V040000000203252
1835-11-24T07:00-33.4277.981196.71017.3-164763.00ZO40000000203253
1835-11-25T07:00-32.0780.881016.71016.0-124762.00OZO4V040000000203254
1835-11-26T06:00-29.5083.281029.31013.3-115760.00OZO5V040000000203255
1835-11-27T06:00-27.5784.7511312.31013.3-116760.00ZOTO60000000203256
1835-11-28T06:00-25.5087.1313812.31010.7-86758.00ZOTZ60000000203257
1835-11-29T06:00-23.3789.5310612.31006.7-76755.00OZO6V040000000203258
1835-11-30T06:00-21.0891.4710912.31006.7-46755.00OZO60000000203259
1835-12-01T06:00-18.8592.9710912.31009.3-46757.00OZO6W10, W00W201110000203260
1835-12-02T06:00-16.9394.5511112.31006.7-26755.00OZO6W01W20V101100000203261
1835-12-03T06:00-14.5796.451226.7-24ZOTO4V10, V031000000203262
1835-12-04T06:00-13.1397.359912.31006.7-26755.00OTZ60000000203263
1835-12-05T06:00-12.5297.471116.71006.7-24755.00OZO4V101000000203264
1835-12-06T05:00-10.6398.631242.61006.702755.00ZOTO4-20000000203265
1835-12-07T05:00-9.15100.50452.602NO20000000203266
1835-12-08T05:00-8.67100.421132.602OZO20000000203267
1835-12-09T05:00-7.45101.081149.315OZO50000000203268
1835-12-10T05:00-5.62102.6512512.31005.316754.00ZOTO6W46W22V030100100203269
1835-12-11T05:00-5.52102.981472.612ZOTZ20000000203270
1835-12-12T05:00-5.72103.401596.714ZZO40000000203271
1835-12-13T05:00-5.60103.901252.612ZOTO2V030000000203272
1835-12-14T05:00-5.67104.102712.612W20000000203273
1835-12-15T05:00-6.10106.863622.6112VAR20000000203274