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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during PORTLAND cruise from St. Helena to Uk started at 1761-07-01 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751266, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 20.391013 * Median Longitude: -24.201266 * South-bound Latitude: -14.930000 * West-bound Longitude: -33.630000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.670000 * East-bound Longitude: -2.750000
Date/Time Start: 1761-07-01T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1761-09-17T12:00:00
Event(s):
Portland_17610701_NMM_ADM/L/P208 * Latitude Start: -15.890000 * Longitude Start: -5.750000 * Latitude End: 49.450000 * Longitude End: -5.630000 * Date/Time Start: 1761-07-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1761-09-17T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Portland (4th Rate Frigate), Voyage: St Helena - Uk, 1st Observer: Marriot Arbuthnot (Captain), 2nd Observer: Loftus Laforey (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 50G 968BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
15 Current speed descriptionV descr
16 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
17 Present weatherwwWeather description
18 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
19 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
20 ClearnessClearness
21 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
22 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
23 FogFog1 If fog was reported
24 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
25 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
26 HailHail1 If hail was reported
27 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
28 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1486 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

-
(1 If position is considered t...)
10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
14 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
15 
V descr
16 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
17 
ww
(Weather description)
18 
Precip descr
19 
State sea descr
20 
Clearness
21 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
22 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
23 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
24 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
25 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
26 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
27 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
28 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1761-07-01T12:00-14.93-7.221016.7ST HELENASEBE36NWBW109.00-12SEBE, ESEMODERATECLOUDY0000000193311
1761-07-02T13:00-13.87-7.871256.7ST HELENASE58NWBW115.00-10SEBE, SEMODERATECLEAR0000000193312
1761-07-03T13:00-12.90-8.871256.7ST HELENAS44:30E84NW3/4W100.00-10SEMODERATECLOUDY0000000193313
1761-07-04T13:00-11.68-10.551136.7ST HELENAS48E127NW3/4W117.00-11ESE, SEBEMODERATECLEAR0000000193314
1761-07-05T13:00-10.90-12.2512419.0ST HELENAS51:50E160NWBW3/4W114.00-11SEFRESH GALESCLEAR0000000193315
1761-07-06T13:00-10.12-13.881166.7ST HELENAS54E197N64W104.00-8SEBEMODERATEFAIR0000000193316
1761-07-07T13:00-9.23-15.571166.7ST HELENAS55E234N61:53W118.00-8SEBEMODERATECLOUDY0000000193317
1761-07-08T13:00-8.58-16.951166.7ST HELENAS56E259NWBW3/4W97.00-8SEBEMODERATECLOUDY0000000193318
1761-07-09T13:00-7.88-18.301306.7ST HELENAS57E295N61:53W92.00-5SEBE, SEMODERATECLOUDY0000000193319
1761-07-10T13:00-7.02-19.951186.7ST HELENAS58E327N61:53W107.00-6SEBEMODERATECLEAR0000000193320
1761-07-11T13:00-6.05-21.631296.7ST HELENAS57E361N60W116.00-6SEMODERATECLEAR0000000193321
1761-07-12T14:00-5.28-23.2313119.0ST HELENAS58E400N64W105.00-4SEFRESH GALESCLOUDY0000000193322
1761-07-13T14:00-4.17-24.951206.7ST HELENAS59:20E455N58:30W120.00-4SE, SEBEMODERATECLOUDY0000000193323
1761-07-14T14:00-4.00-26.40759.3ST HELENAS60E466N83W88.00-4E, EBNFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000193324
1761-07-15T14:00-3.38-26.77756.7ST HELENAS59E487N31W45.00-4ENE, EBNMODERATECLOUDY0000000193325
1761-07-16T14:00-2.38-27.03856.7ST HELENAS57E502N15W60.00-5EBN, EMODERATECLEAR0000000193326
1761-07-17T14:00-1.58-26.85966.7ST HELENAS55E500N13W49.00-5E, EBSMODERATEFAIR0000000193327
1761-07-18T14:00-0.42-26.57966.7ST HELENAS53E516N14E68.00-5E, EBSMODERATECLOUDY0000000193328
1761-07-19T14:000.27-26.271416.7ST HELENAS52E526N22E43.00-5SSE, SE, SEBSMODERATEFAIR0000000193329
1761-07-20T14:000.93-26.021086.7ST HELENAS50E526N21E41.00-5SSE, SE, EBS, ESEMODERATE0000000193330
1761-07-21T14:002.28-25.63746.7ST HELENAS47E534N16E84.00-5E, EBNMODERATE0000000193331
1761-07-22T14:003.28-25.351412.6ST HELENA544N16E62.00-5EBN, SE, SEBSEASY BREEZESCLOUDY0000000193332
1761-07-23T14:004.38-24.781302.6ST HELENAS43E550N20E70.00-5S, SSW, SW, SEEASY BREEZESAT TIMES SMART SHOWERS OF RAIN1100000193333
1761-07-24T14:006.15-24.9513019.0ST HELENAS40:50E584N13E109.00-5SW, SWBS, SSW, SEFRESH GALESHAZY0000000193334
1761-07-25T14:007.60-24.081856.7ST HELENAS37:50E600N31E101.00-6SEBE, SWBS, SBWMODERATEHAZY0000000193335
1761-07-26T14:008.35-23.632306.7ST HELENAS36E617N31E53.00-6S, SWBS, WSW, SW, SWBWMODERATECLOUDY0000000193336
1761-07-27T14:009.98-23.22230ST HELENAS34:20E626N15E99.00-6WSW, SSW, SWBS, SWBWSQUALLY LIKE WEATHER0000000193337
1761-07-28T14:0011.08-22.831976.7ST HELENAS32E638N19E72.00-6SSWMODERATE0000000193338
1761-07-29T14:0011.85-22.583542.6ST HELENAS31E646N17E51.00-6SW, SWBW, WSW, WBS, NSMALL BREEZESFAIR0000000193339
1761-07-30T14:0012.08-23.68281.0ST HELENAS32E662N78W50.00-6N, NNE, NEBNFIRST AND MID FRESH GALES, LATTER LIGHT AIRSFIRST AND MID CLOUDY0000000193340
1761-07-31T14:0012.63-23.771731.0ST HELENAS32E673N9W33.00-7NE, EBS, SE, SSE, SLIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000193341
1761-08-01T14:0013.68-23.832296.7ST HELENAS31E691N4W62.00-7SSW, SWBS, SWBWMODERATECLOUDY0000000193342
1761-08-02T14:0014.00-23.973536.7ST HELENAS31E696N6W19.00-7WBN, NW, NNW, NMODERATEBUT SHOWERY1000000193343
1761-08-03T14:0014.68-24.53386.7ST HELENAS31:30E721N45W58.00-7NNE, NBE, N, NEBN, NEMODERATECLOUDY0000000193344
1761-08-04T14:0014.68-25.25386.7ST HELENAS31:50E749N33W78.00-7NEMODERATEHAZY0000000193345
1761-08-05T14:0017.23-26.18389.3ST HELENAS31E771N31W104.00-7NEFRESH BREEZESFAIR0000000193346
1761-08-06T14:0018.55-27.45366.7ST HELENAS32E818N44W110.00-9NEBN, NEMODERATEFAIR0000000193347
1761-08-07T14:0019.87-28.72396.7ST HELENAS32:30E855N42W106.00-6NEBE, ENE, NEMODERATECLOUDY0000000193348
1761-08-08T14:0021.30-29.38396.7ST HELENAS32E875N24W95.00-6NEBE, ENE, EBN, NEMODERATECLOUDY0000000193349
1761-08-09T14:0022.72-29.97376.7ST HELENAS33E918N23W90.00-8NEBE, ENE, NEMODERATECLOUDY0000000193350
1761-08-10T14:0024.28-30.65606.7ST HELENAS31E940N22W104.00-8NE, NEBE, ENEMODERATEFAIR0000000193351
1761-08-11T14:0025.97-31.328219.0ST HELENAS31E976N20W107.00-8ENE, EBN, EFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY0000000193352
1761-08-12T14:0027.82-31.92599.3ST HELENAS30E1008N16W116.00-9EBN, E, ENEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000193353
1761-08-13T14:0028.73-32.40340ST HELENAS30E1030N25W60.00-9NEBE, EBN, ENE, NEBN, NBWFIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MID AND LATTER SMALL BREEZES INCLINABLE TO CALMFIRST PART CLOUDY0000000193354
1761-08-14T14:0029.70-33.35606.7ST HELENAS30E1056N35W69.00-8NNE, NBE, NE, NEBE, ENEMODERATECLOUDY0000000193355
1761-08-15T14:0030.90-33.52486.7ST HELENAS29:30E1081N7W75.00-8EBN, ENE, NEBEMODERATEFAIR0000000193356
1761-08-16T14:0031.70-33.63712.6ST HELENAS29E1090N7W48.00-8EBS, EBNSMALL BREEZESFAIR0000000193357
1761-08-17T14:0032.38-33.231271.0ST HELENAS29E1104N24E44.00-8EBS, SELIGHT AIRSFAIR0000000193358
1761-08-18T14:0033.32-32.872042.6ST HELENAS28E1116N18E60.00-10SSW, SWBW, SWBSLITTLE WINDCLEAR0000000193359
1761-08-19T14:0034.62-32.482146.7ST HELENAS27E1131NBE1/4E82.00-11SWBW, SWMODERATEFAIR0000000193360
1761-08-20T14:0035.23-32.301802.6ST HELENAS26E1136NBE1/4E38.00-11SSW, SBWSMALL BREEZESFAIR0000000193361
1761-08-21T14:0035.93-32.081922.6ST HELENAS26E1152NBE1/4E44.00-11SBW, SW, SSWSMALL BREEZESCLEAR0000000193362
1761-08-22T14:0036.22-31.803271.0ST HELENAS26E1158N39E23.00-11SSW, NNWLIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM0000000193363
1761-08-23T14:0036.67-30.473606.7ST HELENAS25E1164N67E76.00-11NNW, N, NBW, NBEFIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, MID FRESH GALES LATTER MODERATELATTER CLOUDY0000000193364
1761-08-24T14:0036.57-29.85231.0ST HELENAS24E1162S81E38.00-11NNE, NBE, N, NE, NEBNFIRST PART MODERATE, MID AND LATTER LIGHT AIRSFIRST PART CLOUDY0000000193365
1761-08-25T14:0036.75-29.9023ST HELENAS23:50E1152NBW12.00-11NBW, NBE, N, NE, NEBNBAFFLING SQUALLY WEATHER0000000193366
1761-08-26T14:0036.90-29.9034ST HELENAS24E1157N9.00-11NNE, SWBW, WBS, NW, NBW, NEESE3 FATHAMS PER HOURBAFFLING CLOUDY WEATHER0000000193367
1761-08-27T14:0037.33-29.95304ST HELENAS23E1164N5W28.00-11NEBN, EBN, EBS, SE, WSW, NWBW, NWBAFFLING WEATHER0000000193368
1761-08-28T14:0037.23-30.272.6ST HELENAS24E1168WSW16.00-11N, NWBN, NBW, NNW, NW, NBSSMALL BREEZESCLOUDY0000000193369
1761-08-29T14:0037.77-30.632566.7ST HELENAS23:40E1176N28W37.00-14WSW, SWBW, WFIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE AND LATTER PLEASANT BREEZESFIRST PART FAIR, MID AND LATTER CLOUDY0000000193370
1761-08-30T14:0038.12-30.97209.3ST HELENAS24E1184N38W29.00-14WNW, NW, NWBN, NNW, NBW, N, NNE, NEBNFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000193371
1761-08-31T14:0038.87-31.976519.0ST HELENAS24E1200N46W65.00-14NEBN, NE, NEBE, ENE, EBNFRESH GALESHAZY0000000193372
1761-09-01T14:0040.15-31.672456.7ST HELENAS22E1210N17E80.00-14ENE, EBN, SEBS, WBSMODERATE AND SQUALLY0000000193373
1761-09-02T14:0040.22-29.753016.7ST HELENAS22E1210E1/4N67.00-14WBS, NWMODERATEHAZY0000000193374
1761-09-03T14:0040.18-28.922671.0ST HELENAS24E1229E38.00-14WNW, WBNLIGTH AIRSCLEAR0000000193375
1761-09-04T14:0040.12-27.002446.7ST HELENAS26E1192S87E75.00-15WBN, WBSMODERATECLEAR0000000193376
1761-09-05T14:0040.57-25.2724419.0ST HELENAS20E1200N78E122.00-15WSW, W, WBSFRESH GALESCLOUDY0000000193377
1761-09-06T14:0041.80-23.4530019.0ST HELENAS16E1200N58E140.00-15WBS, NWBW, NWBN, NWFRESH GALESCLOUDY0000000193378
1761-09-07T13:0042.88-22.1532022.6ST HELENAS17E1232N47E95.00-18NWBW, NW, NNWSTRONG GALES AND SQUALLY0000000193379
1761-09-08T13:0043.47-21.3529722.6ST HELENAS14E1222N60E72.00-18NWBW, NWSTRONG GALES AND SQUALLY0000000193380
1761-09-09T13:0044.03-20.551406.7ST HELENAS13E1232NE50.00-18NWBW, WBN, WBS, S, SSEMODERATEGREAT SWELL FROM NWCLOUDY0000000193381
1761-09-10T13:0044.72-19.652752.6ST HELENAS12E1241NE1/2E65.00-18SBE, SE, S, SSW, SWBW, WNWSMALL BREEZESCLOUDY0000000193382
1761-09-11T13:0044.67-18.402302.6ST HELENAS11E1232S87E42.00-18WNW, NEBN, NE, WSWSMALL BREEZESCLOUDY0000000193383
1761-09-12T13:0046.43-16.2826319.0ST HELENAS9E1264N40E142.00-18WSW, SW, W, WBNFRESH GALESHAZY0000000193384
1761-09-13T13:0048.05-14.2827319.0ST HELENAS7E1290N40E127.00-20NWBN, NW, NWBW, WNWFRESH GALESHAZY0000000193385
1761-09-14T13:0049.02-10.6329519.0ST HELENAS4E1304N65E132.00-20W, WNW, NWFRESH GALESCLOUDY0000000193386
1761-09-15T13:0049.38-8.581839.3ST HELENAS3E1312N75E84.00-20WNW, SBW, SSE, SBE, S, SSWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000193387
1761-09-16T12:0049.32-4.852519.3ST HELENAS1306E1/4S84.00-19S, SBW, SSW, SW, WNW, WBN, WFRESH BREEZESMISTY0000000193388
1761-09-17T12:0049.67-2.7525119.0ST HELENAS2W13201N82E162.00-19NWBW, WBN, WSW, WBS, WFRESH GALESHAZY0000000193389