García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during PHOENIX cruise from Sierra Leon to Dix Cove started at 1770-03-15 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751214, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 5.594667 * Median Longitude: -10.497333 * South-bound Latitude: 4.130000 * West-bound Longitude: -14.360000 * North-bound Latitude: 8.150000 * East-bound Longitude: -4.740000
Date/Time Start: 1770-03-15T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1770-03-30T00:00:00
Event(s):
Phoenix_17700315_NMM_ADM/L/P130 * Latitude Start: 8.650000 * Longitude Start: -13.550000 * Latitude End: 4.590000 * Longitude End: -1.850000 * Date/Time Start: 1770-03-15T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1770-03-30T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Phoenix (5th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Sierra Leon - Dix Cove, 1st Observer: Anthony Kirby (Captain), 2nd Observer: William Grant (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 44G 837BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 10 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 11 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 12 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 13 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 14 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 15 | Current speed description | V descr | ||||
| 16 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 17 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 18 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 19 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 20 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 21 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 22 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 23 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 24 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 25 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 26 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 27 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
315 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 10 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 11 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 14 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...) | 15 V descr | 16 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 17 ww (Weather description) | 18 Precip descr | 19 Clearness | 20 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 21 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 22 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 23 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 24 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 25 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 26 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 27 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1770-03-15T13:00 | 8.15 | -13.76 | 326 | 6.7 | CAPE SIERRA LEON | N54E | 12 | S54W | 36.00 | -12 | NW, WBN, WSW, WBN, WNW, NNW | MODERATE | HAZY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 189389 | |||||
| 1770-03-16T13:00 | 8.10 | -14.36 | 303 | 6.7 | CAPE SIERRA LEON | N70:32E | 28 | S87W | 36.00 | -12 | NWBN, WNW, NWBW, WSW, NWBW, NW | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE BREEZES | FIRST PART HAZY, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 189390 | |||||
| 1770-03-17T13:00 | 7.45 | -14.15 | 11 | 1.0 | CAPE SIERRA LEON | N39:06E | 27 | S17E | 41.00 | -12 | NNW, WNW, SWBW, NNE | LIGHT AIRS | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MIDDLE AND LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 189391 | |||||
| 1770-03-18T13:00 | 6.50 | -13.25 | 303 | 6.7 | CAPE SIERRA LEON | N00:57E | 40 | S45E | 7.00 | -12 | NE, NW | SBW | 6 1/2 FATHOMS PER HOUR | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE BREEZES | FIRST PART HAZY, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 189392 | |||
| 1770-03-19T13:00 | 5.77 | -12.31 | 54 | 9.3 | CAPE MONZERADO | N75:58E | 26 | S52E | 71.00 | -14 | N, WBN, NWBN, NNE, ENE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LIGHT AIRS, LATTER FRESH BREEZES WITH SQUALLS | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 189393 | |||||
| 1770-03-20T13:00 | 5.33 | -12.41 | 361 | 0.0 | CAPE PALMAS | S78:04E | 90 | S15W | 26.00 | -14 | ENE, E, SBE, S, CALM | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE BREEZES, LATTER CALM | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 189394 | |||||
| 1770-03-21T13:00 | 5.08 | -11.68 | 9 | CAPE PALMAS | S79:1/2E | 75 | S72E | 47.00 | -14 | CALM, SWBS, NWBW, SSW, NNE | FIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE LIGHT AIRS, LATTER MODERATE BREEZES, AT 8AM SQUALLY | MIDDLE LIGHTNING, LATTER THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 189395 | |||||
| 1770-03-22T13:00 | 5.07 | -10.90 | 234 | CAPE PALMAS | S77:33E | 59 | S88E | 47.00 | -14 | NNE, N, NE, CALM, N, WSW | FIRST PART MODERATE BREEZES, MIDDLE LIGHT AIRS AND CALM, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | LATTER RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 189396 | ||||
| 1770-03-23T13:00 | 5.35 | -10.15 | 361 | 0.0 | CAPE PALMAS | S66:10E | 47 | N69E | 49.00 | -14 | S, SW, NWBW, NE, CALM | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER CALM | FIRST PART HAZY, MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 189397 | |||||
| 1770-03-24T13:00 | 4.88 | -9.63 | 42 | 6.7 | CAPE PALMAS | S74E | 35 | S46E | 39.00 | -14 | CALM, WSW, SWBW, NE, EBN, NEBE | FIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE LIGHT AIRS, LATTER MODERATE BREEZES | MIDDLE THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 189398 | |||||
| 1770-03-25T13:00 | 4.67 | -9.21 | 234 | 1.0 | CAPE PALMAS | S78E | 26 | S59E | 30.00 | -14 | NEBE, WNW, SWBW, NEBN, CALM, WSW | LIGHT AIRS SOMETIMES CALM | THUNDER AND LIGHTNING APPEARANCE OF A TORNADO | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 189399 | |||
| 1770-03-26T13:00 | 4.40 | -8.05 | 245 | 6.7 | CAPE PALMAS | NNE | 4 | 1 | -14 | SW, WSW, SW, NW, WBS | MODERATE BREEZES | THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 189400 | |||||
| 1770-03-27T12:00 | 4.13 | -6.82 | 7 | 1.0 | CAPE PALMAS | N74W | 19 | S74E | 57.00 | -16 | CALM, SW, CALM, NE, NEBN, NNE | LIGHT AIRS, AT 3 HARD SQUALL OF WIND | AT 3 LIGHTNING APPEARANCE OF A TORNADO | AT 3 RAIN | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 189401 | |||
| 1770-03-28T12:00 | 4.27 | -6.04 | 209 | 2.6 | CAPE PALMAS | N86W | 34 | N79E | 48.00 | -16 | WSW, SBW, SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LIGHT AIRS, LATTER LIGHT BREEZES | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 189402 | |||||
| 1770-03-29T12:00 | 4.77 | -4.74 | 187 | 6.7 | CAPE APPOLONIA | N84:28E | 41 | N69E | 83.00 | -16 | SSW | ENE | 1 MILE AN HOUR | MODERATE BREEZES | APPEARANCE OF A TORNADO | CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 189403 | ||
| 1770-03-30T00:00 | 4.72 | 362 | 2.6 | CAPE APPOLONIA | NBE | 4 | SSW, VARIABLE, WNW, VARIABLE | ENE | 1 KNOT AN HOUR | LIGHT BREEZES, HALF PAST THREE SQUALLY | SEVERE THUNDER AND LIGHTNING APPEARANCE OF A TORNADO | VERY HARD SHOWERS | CLOUDY | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 189404 |