Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 31.255000 * Median Longitude: -41.459000 * South-bound Latitude: 6.750000 * West-bound Longitude: -61.250000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.200000 * East-bound Longitude: -2.330000

Date/Time Start: 1757-08-30T16:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1757-11-11T00:00:00

Event(s):

Philadelphia_17570830_MCC_20_910 * Latitude Start: 6.180000 * Longitude Start: -55.410000 * Latitude End: 49.000000 * Longitude End: -6.320000 * Date/Time Start: 1757-08-30T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1757-11-11T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Philadelphia, Voyage: Suriname - The Netherlands, 1st Observer: J. Menkenveld (Schipper), Company: MCC

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Image number/name	Image no/name		Identification Number of the original image
7	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
8	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
9	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
10	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
11	Watch	Watch		Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
12	Glasses	Glasses		Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
13	Comment	Comment		Life on board
14	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
15	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
16	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
17	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
18	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
19	Present weather	ww		Weather description
20	Precipitation description	Precip descr
21	State of the sea description	State sea descr
22	Cloud type	Cloud type
23	Clearness	Clearness
24	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
25	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
26	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
27	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
28	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
29	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
30	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
31	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1344 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 Image no/name (Identification Number of the ...)	7 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	8 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	9 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	10 - (1 If position is considered t...)	11 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...)	12 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...)	13 Comment (Life on board)	14 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	15 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	16 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	17 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	18 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	19 ww (Weather description)	20 Precip descr	21 State sea descr	22 Cloud type	23 Clearness	24 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	25 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	31 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1757-08-30T16:00	6.75	-56.23	73	6.7	MCC_20_910_0050								N 1/2 W	5.00	5	ONO	MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188346
1757-08-31T16:00	7.65	-56.91	94	4.6	MCC_20_910_0051					VM	8		NTW 1/3 W	14.00	4	ONO-O	BRAMZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188347
1757-09-01T16:00	8.23	-57.66	73	4.6	MCC_20_910_0051					VM	8		NNW 1/2 W	10.00	5	NO-ONO	LABBER BRAMZEILSKOELTE				BUIIGE LUCHT		1	0	188348
1757-09-02T16:00	8.60	-58.17	140	0.0	MCC_20_910_0051					VM	8		NTW	5.50	5	ZO	KLEIN LUCHTJE, MEEST STILTE						0	0	188349
1757-09-03T16:00	9.40	-59.03	95	4.6	MCC_20_910_0051					VM	8		NNW 1/2 W	3.50	5	ONO-O	BRAMZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188350
1757-09-04T16:00	10.60	-59.71	95	4.6	MCC_20_910_0051					VM	8		NTW	13.25	5	OTN-O	GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188351
1757-09-06T16:00	12.88	-61.25	72	6.7	MCC_20_910_0052	BARBADOS Z HOEK	NO	6		VM	8		NNW 1/2 W	9.50	4	NOTO-ONO	MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188352
1757-09-07T16:00	13.80	-59.93	83	6.7	MCC_20_910_0052	ST LUZIA	W	6		VM	8		NTW	14.00	4	ONO-OTN	MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188353
1757-09-08T16:00	14.53	-59.48	83	6.7	MCC_20_910_0052	ST LUZIA N HOEK	ZWTW	6		VM	8		NTW	10.50	4	OTN	MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188354
1757-09-09T16:00	15.68	-59.53	83	12.3	MCC_20_910_0052					VM	8		N 1/4 W	15.00	4	OTN	STIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE				BETROKKEN LUCHT		0	0	188355
1757-09-10T16:00	16.77	-59.63	72	12.3	MCC_20_910_0052					VM	8		N 1/2 W	15.50	4	ONO	STIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188356
1757-09-11T16:00	17.33	-59.73	72	9.3	MCC_20_910_0053					VM	8		N 1/2 W	8.00	4	OTN-ONO	GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188357
1757-09-12T16:00	18.12	-59.52	116	12.3	MCC_20_910_0053					VM	8		NTO	12.00	3	ZO-OZO	DUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE	BUIEN					1	0	188358
1757-09-13T16:00	19.45	-59.38	104	2.0	MCC_20_910_0053					VM	8		NO 1/2 O	18.50	3	OTZ	AFNEMENDE KOELTE						0	0	188359
1757-09-14T16:00	20.55	-59.60	82	2.9	MCC_20_910_0053					VM	8		NTW	16.00	3	O-OTN	AANNEMENDE KOELTE	ZWARE BUIEN					1	0	188360
1757-09-15T16:00	21.50	-59.67	93	12.3	MCC_20_910_0053					VM	8		N 1/2 W	16.00	3	O	STIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188361
1757-09-16T16:00	22.78	-59.28	114	6.7	MCC_20_910_0053					VM	8		NNO 1/2 N	18.50	1	OTZ-OZO	MARSZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188362
1757-09-17T16:00	23.70	-58.65	114	2.6	MCC_20_910_0053					VM	8		NOTN 1/3 N	17.50	1	OZO	LABBERKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188363
1757-09-18T16:00	24.85	-58.52	80	4.6	MCC_20_910_0054					VM	8		NO 1/2 O	17.50	1	O-OTN	BRAMZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188364
1757-09-19T16:00	25.87	-58.52	102	6.7	MCC_20_910_0054					VM	8		N	16.00	1	O-OTZ	MARSZEILSKOELTE	SOMS BUIEN					1	0	188365
1757-09-20T16:00	26.78	-58.28	102	6.7	MCC_20_910_0054					VM	8		NTO	16.50	1	O-OTZ	MARSZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188366
1757-09-21T16:00	27.53	-58.00	77	6.7	MCC_20_910_0054					VM	8		NTO 1/2 O	13.00	-2	O-OTN	GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTE				BUIIGE LUCHT		1	0	188367
1757-09-22T16:00	28.17	-57.63	156	2.6	MCC_20_910_0054					VM	8		NNO 1/2 O	10.50	-2	ZZO	LABBERKOELTE						0	0	188368
1757-09-23T16:00	28.98	-56.43	245	6.7	MCC_20_910_0054					VM	8		NOTO	19.00	-3	ZWTZ-WZW	GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188369
1757-09-24T16:00	29.80	-54.75	245	6.7	MCC_20_910_0054					VM	8		NOTO	20.50	-3	WZW	GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188370
1757-09-25T16:00	30.48	-53.37	245	6.7	MCC_20_910_0054					VM	8		NOTO	21.50	-3	WZW	GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188371
1757-09-26T15:00	31.13	-52.02	266	6.7	MCC_20_910_0054					VM	8		NOTO	20.50	-4	W	LABBER MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188372
1757-09-27T15:00	32.13	-50.18	300	12.3	MCC_20_910_0055					VM	8		NOTO	28.00	-4	NW-NWTW	STIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE				OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT		0	0	188373
1757-09-28T15:00	32.93	-48.45	331	6.1	MCC_20_910_0055					VM	8		ONO 1/2 N	24.50	-7	NNW	SLAPPE MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188374
1757-09-29T15:00	33.27	-47.83	196	1.0	MCC_20_910_0055					VM	8		NOTO	9.00	-7	ZZW	KLEIN LUCHTJE EN OOK STILTE						0	0	188375
1757-09-30T15:00	33.07	-47.33	172	1.0	MCC_20_910_0055					VM	8		OZO 3 Z	7.00	-8	Z	KLEIN LUCHTJE	GOED WEER					0	0	188376
1757-10-01T15:00	33.27	-46.55	330	6.7	MCC_20_910_0055					VM	8		NOTO	11.50	-8	W-NNW	MARSZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188377
1757-10-02T15:00	32.82	-45.77	37	12.3	MCC_20_910_0055					VM	8		ZOTO	12.00	-8	NNO-NO	STIJVE KOELTE						0	0	188378
1757-10-03T15:00	33.07	-44.82	296	12.3	MCC_20_910_0055					VM	8		O	12.00	-8	NNW-NWTW	DUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN OOK EEN DUBBEL GEREEFDE ONDERZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188379
1757-10-04T15:00	32.82	-43.92	15	12.3	MCC_20_910_0056					VM	8		OZO 1/3 O	12.00	-8	NNO	DUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188380
1757-10-05T15:00	32.92	-44.07	15	6.7	MCC_20_910_0056					VM	8		NW 1/2 W	2.50	-8	NO-NNO	GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTE	BUIEN					1	0	188381
1757-10-06T15:00	33.30	-44.13	127	2.6	MCC_20_910_0056					VM	8		N 1/2 W	8.50	-8	O-ZO	SLAPPE KOELTE						0	0	188382
1757-10-07T15:00	33.83	-43.78	127	2.6	MCC_20_910_0056					VM	8		NNO	11.00	-8	ZO	SLAPPE KOELTE EN OOK EEN GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTE	BUIEN					1	0	188383
1757-10-08T15:00	34.48	-43.42	105	6.7	MCC_20_910_0056					VM	8		NNO	12.00	-8	OZO	GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188384
1757-10-09T15:00	34.85	-43.42	330	1.0	MCC_20_910_0056					VM	8	MATROOS FRANS VAN BRUNSWIJK OVERLEDEN.	N	6.00	-8	NA DOODSTILTE NNW	DOODSTILTE, KLEIN LUCHTJE						0	0	188385
1757-10-10T15:00	34.97	-42.48	15	12.3	MCC_20_910_0056					VM	8		OTN 2 O	12.50	-8	NW-NNO	STIJVE KOELTE						0	0	188386
1757-10-11T15:00	34.92	-41.27	330	2.9	MCC_20_910_0057					VM	8		O 1/3 Z	15.00	-8	NW-NNW	AANNEMENDE KOELTE						0	0	188387
1757-10-12T15:00	34.80	-40.63	330	2.0	MCC_20_910_0057					VM	8		ZO	11.00	-8	NNW	AFNEMENDE KOELTE						0	0	188388
1757-10-13T15:00	34.83	-39.05	285	12.3	MCC_20_910_0057					VM	8		OTN 1/3 N	20.00	-8	NW-WNW	STIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188389
1757-10-14T15:00	35.30	-37.58	330	2.0	MCC_20_910_0057					VM	8		ONO	19.50	-8	NWTN-NNW	AFNEMENDE KOELTE						0	0	188390
1757-10-15T14:00	35.73	-36.00	306	6.7	MCC_20_910_0057					VM	8		ONO	21.00	-9	NW	MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188391
1757-10-16T14:00	36.28	-34.52	329	19.0	MCC_20_910_0057					VM	8		ONO 1/3 N	19.00	-9	NW-NNW	DUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE TOT EEN ONDERZEILSKOELTE			HOGE ZEE			0	0	188392
1757-10-17T14:00	35.88	-33.98		0.0	MCC_20_910_0058					VM	8		OZO 1/4 Z	8.00	-9		STILTE						0	0	188393
1757-10-18T14:00	36.57	-32.67	329	22.6	MCC_20_910_0058					VM	8		NOTO 1/4 O	12.50	-9	NW-NNW	STIJVE ONDERZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188394
1757-10-19T14:00	36.80	-31.62	304	22.6	MCC_20_910_0058					VM	8		O 1/2 N	12.50	-11	NW	STIJVE ONDERZEILSKOELTE			HOGE ZEE			0	0	188395
1757-10-21T14:00	36.83	-29.65	282	6.7	MCC_20_910_0058					VM	8		OTN	12.00	-11	NW-WNW	EEN GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188396
1757-10-22T14:00	37.25	-29.10	34		MCC_20_910_0058	VLAAMSE EILANDEN PIEK	NO 1/2 O	15		VM	8		NO 1/2 O	8.50	-11	N-NO							0	0	188397
1757-10-23T14:00	37.37	-28.30	34		MCC_20_910_0059					VM	8		O 2/3 N	9.50	-11	NNO-NO					BUIIGE LUCHT		1	0	188398
1757-10-24T14:00	37.57	-27.47	324	6.7	MCC_20_910_0059	DEL PIKO (?)	NNW	10		VM	8		ONO 1/2 O	10.50	-14	N-NNW	MARSZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER					0	0	188399
1757-10-25T14:00	37.65	-26.47	357	6.7	MCC_20_910_0059					VM	8		O 1/2 N	12.00	-14	NNO-NTO	MARSZEILSKOELTE				BETROKKEN LUCHT		0	0	188400
1757-10-26T14:00	38.00	-26.42	87	2.6	MCC_20_910_0059					VM	8		N 1/2 O	5.50	-14	O-OTZ	LABBER EN STILTE, LABBER LUCHTJE						0	0	188401
1757-10-27T14:00	39.07	-25.91	121	19.0	MCC_20_910_0059					VM	8		NOTN	13.00	-14	ZO	ONDERZEILSKOELTE	ZWARE BUIEN					1	0	188402
1757-10-28T14:00	41.07	-25.44	99	12.3	MCC_20_910_0059					VM	8		N	28.50	-14	OZO	DUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE					KLARE LUCHT	0	0	188403
1757-10-29T14:00	42.57	-25.04	130	9.3	MCC_20_910_0059					VM	8		NOTO 1/4 O	23.00	-16	ZOTZ	GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188404
1757-10-30T14:00	43.90	-22.72	164	12.3	MCC_20_910_0059					VM	8		NOTO	31.50	-16	Z	DUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE	ZWARE BUIEN					1	0	188405
1757-10-31T13:00	45.50	-18.91	163	12.3	MCC_20_910_0060					VM	8		NOTO	37.50	-17	Z	DUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188406
1757-11-01T13:00	46.77	-17.58	163	6.7	MCC_20_910_0060					VM	8		NOTO	30.50	-17	Z	MARSZEILSKOELTE	MOOI WEER			BETROKKEN LUCHT		0	0	188407
1757-11-02T13:00	47.83	-15.37	161	9.3	MCC_20_910_0060					VM	8		NOTO	28.50	-19	Z	GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE	REDELIJK WEER			BETROKKEN LUCHT		0	0	188408
1757-11-03T13:00	48.92	-12.52	195	9.3	MCC_20_910_0060					VM	8		NOTO 1/3 O	34.00	-19	ZZW-ZWTZ	GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE						0	0	188409
1757-11-04T13:00	48.97	-10.70	229	12.3	MCC_20_910_0060					VM	8		O	8.00	-19	WZW	STIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE		REGEN		DIKKE LUCHT		0	1	188410
1757-11-05T13:00	48.97	-8.28	240	6.7	MCC_20_910_0060					VM	8		O	25.00	-19	W-WTZ	MARSZEILSKOELTE		MOTREGEN		BETROKKEN LUCHT		0	1	188411
1757-11-06T12:00	49.30	-6.67	275	26.8	MCC_20_910_0060					VM	8		O 1/2 Z	17.00	-18	WNW	STORM	ZWARE BUIEN					1	0	188412
1757-11-07T12:00	49.58	-5.10	16		MCC_20_910_0061					VM	8		OTN 1/2 N	17.00	-18	N-NNOTO		ZWARE BUIEN VAN WIND					1	0	188413
1757-11-08T12:00	49.78	-3.80	320	6.7	MCC_20_910_0061	GOUDSTAART	NNO	6	1	VM	8		OTN	14.00	-18	NNO-NNW	MARSZEILSKOELTE	ZWARE BUIEN					1	0	188414
1757-11-09T12:00	50.20	-2.33	207	2.9	MCC_20_910_0061				1	VM	8		ONO	16.50	-18	ZW	LUCHTJE, AANNEMENDE KOELTE						0	0	188415
1757-11-10T00:00			248		MCC_20_910_0061	BEVESIER	NWTW	3	1	VM	8					W-WZW			REGEN				0	1	188416
1757-11-11T00:00					MCC_20_910_0062				1	VM	8												0	0	188417