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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during PHILADELPHIA cruise from Suriname to Rotterdam started at 1755-09-30 [dataset]. Rijksarchief Zeeland, Middelburg, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751182, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 32.812958 * Median Longitude: -42.204648 * South-bound Latitude: 6.350000 * West-bound Longitude: -56.380000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.630000 * East-bound Longitude: -5.370000
Date/Time Start: 1755-09-30T16:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1755-12-14T00:00:00
Event(s):
Philadelphia_17550930_MCC_20_903 * Latitude Start: 6.180000 * Longitude Start: -55.410000 * Latitude End: 51.900000 * Longitude End: 3.930000 * Date/Time Start: 1755-09-30T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1755-12-14T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Philadelphia, Voyage: Suriname - Rotterdam, 1st Observer: J. Menkenveld (Schipper), Company: MCC
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Image number/nameImage no/nameIdentification Number of the original image
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
10 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
11 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
12 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
13 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
14 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
15 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
16 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
17 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
18 Present weatherwwWeather description
19 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
20 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
21 Cloud typeCloud type
22 ClearnessClearness
23 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
24 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
25 FogFog1 If fog was reported
26 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
27 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
28 HailHail1 If hail was reported
29 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
30 CommentComment
31 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1367 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Image no/name
(Identification Number of the ...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
10 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
11 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
12 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
13 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
14 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
15 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
16 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
17 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
18 
ww
(Weather description)
19 
Precip descr
20 
State sea descr
21 
Cloud type
22 
Clearness
23 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
24 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
25 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
26 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
27 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
28 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
29 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
30 
Comment
31 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1755-09-30T16:006.35-55.58954.6MCC_20_903_0055BRAMS PUNTZZO4VM8NTO3.505OTZ-OGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000188144
1755-10-01T16:007.92-55.9844.6MCC_20_903_0055VM8NNW 1/3 N19.004NO-NSTIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE TOT EEN GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188145
1755-10-02T16:009.45-56.381174.6MCC_20_903_0056VM8NNW15.504NO-OZOLABBER BRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIJIGE LUCHT1000000188146
1755-10-03T16:0010.62-56.381174.6MCC_20_903_0056VM8N15.504O-OZOLABBER BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN OOK EEN MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIEN1000000188147
1755-10-04T16:0011.80-56.381174.6MCC_20_903_0056VM8N16.004ONO-OZOGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN OOK EEN STIJVE MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIEN UIT HET ZO1000000188148
1755-10-05T16:0012.85-56.38716.7MCC_20_903_0056VM8N16.503O-ONOEEN STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN OOK EEN MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIEN1000000188149
1755-10-06T16:0013.78-56.38822.6MCC_20_903_0056VM8N14.503OTNLABBER EN EEN GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000188150
1755-10-07T16:0014.72-56.38824.6MCC_20_903_0056VM8N15.003OTNGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000188151
1755-10-08T16:0015.58-56.301274.6MCC_20_903_0057VM8N 1/2 O13.003OTZ-ZOTOBRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188152
1755-10-09T16:0016.55-55.621612.6MCC_20_903_0057VM8NOTN17.003ZOTO-ZZOLABBER EN EEN GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIJIGE LUCHT1000000188153
1755-10-10T16:0018.13-54.381374.6MCC_20_903_0057VM8NO25.002ZZO-ZOEEN GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188154
1755-10-11T16:0019.52-54.07929.3MCC_20_903_0057VM8NTO 1/3 O17.502Z-OVAN EEN VOLLE MARSZEILSKOELTE TOT EEN GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEREGENBUIEN1100000188155
1755-10-12T16:0020.57-53.631154.6MCC_20_903_0057VM8NNO16.002O-OZOGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188156
1755-10-13T16:0021.40-53.451602.6MCC_20_903_0058VM8NNO 12/ N13.002OTZ-ZZOLABBER EN EEN GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188157
1755-10-14T16:0022.30-52.5324.6MCC_20_903_0058VM8NO 1/2 N18.502ZZO-NGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEREGENBUIEN1100000188158
1755-10-15T15:0022.92-52.28892.6MCC_20_903_0058VM8NNO 1/3 N10.00-1OLABBERKOELTE0000000188159
1755-10-16T15:0023.53-52.35552.6MCC_20_903_0058VM8N 1/2 W9.00-1OTN-NOTOLABBER LUCHTJEMOOI WEER0000000188160
1755-10-17T16:0023.53-52.500.0MCC_20_903_0058VM8W2.00-1DOODSTILTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000188161
1755-10-18T16:0023.87-52.501236.7MCC_20_903_0058VM8N4.50-1NO-ZOTOVAN EEN GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE TOT EEN STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIEN1000000188162
1755-10-19T15:0025.08-52.251009.3MCC_20_903_0058VM8NTO17.00-1OTZGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEKLAAR WEER0000000188163
1755-10-20T15:0026.32-52.380.0MCC_20_903_0059VM8N 1/2 W17.50-1STILTE0000000188164
1755-10-21T16:0027.33-52.754.9MCC_20_903_0059VM8NTW 1/2 W17.000FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN OOK EEN MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000188165
1755-10-22T16:0028.18-52.751324.6MCC_20_903_0059VM8N14.00-3ZOGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTETRAVATIGE LUCHT0000000188166
1755-10-23T16:0028.83-53.28652.6MCC_20_903_0059VM8NWTN12.50-3NO-ONOLABBERKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188167
1755-10-24T16:0028.82-53.280.0MCC_20_903_0059VM8-3DOODSTILTEMOOI WEER0000000188168
1755-10-25T16:0028.97-52.873572.6MCC_20_903_0059VM8NO 1/2 O7.00-3WTN-NLABBERKOELTE0000000188169
1755-10-26T16:0029.17-52.521772.6MCC_20_903_0059VM8NO 1/2 N7.00-3OZO-ZSLAPPE KOELTE0000000188170
1755-10-27T15:0029.87-51.483116.7MCC_20_903_0060VM8N19.00-4ZW-NWMARSZEILSKOELTE0000000188171
1755-10-29T15:0030.73-49.22199.3MCC_20_903_0060VM8O13.50-4N-NNOEEN GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN OOK EEN ONDERZEILSKOELTE0000000188172
1755-10-30T15:0030.48-49.70419.3MCC_20_903_0060VM8OTZ 1/2 Z7.00-4NOGEMENE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation188173
1755-10-31T15:0031.23-49.83526.7MCC_20_903_0060VM8NW 2/4 N13.00-4NOTOVAN EEN GEREEFDE TOT EEN GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000188174
1755-11-01T15:0032.18-49.67756.7MCC_20_903_0060VM8NTW 1/2 W14.00-4ONO-OTNVAN EEN SLAPPE TOT EEN GEMEN MARSZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188175
1755-11-02T15:0033.20-49.78836.1MCC_20_903_0060VM8N 1/2 W15.00-7OSLAPPE MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIEN1000000188176
1755-11-03T15:0034.18-49.0215122.6MCC_20_903_0061VM8NOTN17.00-7ZO-ZZOSTIJVE ONDERZEILSKOELTEBUIEN1000000188177
1755-11-04T15:0035.05-48.25496.7MCC_20_903_0061VM8NTO11.50-7WNW-NOTOVAN EEN LABBER MARSZEILSKOELTE TOT EEN GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTEDROOG WEER0000000188178
1755-11-05T15:0035.03-46.8832.6MCC_20_903_0061VM8O16.50-8NNW-NTOSLAPPE KOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188179
1755-11-06T15:0035.18-45.803072.6MCC_20_903_0061VM8OTN11.50-8NTW-NWLABBERKOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000188180
1755-11-07T15:0035.52-44.082406.1MCC_20_903_0061VM8ONO25.00-8W-WZWSLAPPE MARSZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEERKLARE LUCHT0000000188181
1755-11-08T15:0035.77-42.702406.1MCC_20_903_0061VM8ONO18.00-8WZWLABBER MARSZEILSKOELTEDEIJSIGE LUCHT0000000188182
1755-11-09T15:0036.50-41.332066.1MCC_20_903_0062VM8NOTO20.00-8WZW-ZWTZLABBER MARSZEILSKOELTEKLARE LUCHT0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation188183
1755-11-10T15:0037.23-40.121726.7MCC_20_903_0062VM8NOTO17.50-8N-ZVA EEN LABBER MARSZEILSKOELTE TOT EEN GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTEKLARE LUCHT0000000188184
1755-11-11T15:0037.83-39.20124MCC_20_903_0062VM8NO 1/2 O14.00-11ZZO-ZOZWARE BUIEN MET REGEN1100000188185
1755-11-12T15:0038.57-38.771479.3MCC_20_903_0062VM8NNO13.50-11ZZOSTIJVE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000188186
1755-11-13T15:0039.20-38.400.0MCC_20_903_0062VM8NNO11.00-11STILTEKLARE LUCHT0000000188187
1755-11-14T15:0039.95-38.27902.6MCC_20_903_0062VM8NTO8.00-11OTZLABBER LUCHTJE EN STILTEMOOI WEER0000000188188
1755-11-15T15:0040.15-38.270.0MCC_20_903_0062VM8N3.50-11MEEST STILTEKLARE LUCHT0000000188189
1755-11-16T15:0040.07-38.50129.3MCC_20_903_0063VM8WZW3.00-11NO-NNOGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEHOGE ZEE0000000188190
1755-11-17T15:0040.53-38.973412.3MCC_20_903_0063VM8NW7.50-11NODUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000188191
1755-11-18T15:0040.68-39.07122.0MCC_20_903_0063VM8NWTN2.00-11NO-NNOAFNEMENDE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000188192
1755-11-19T15:0040.48-38.50342.6MCC_20_903_0063VM8OZO7.00-11NNO-NOLABBERKOELTEKLARE LUCHT0000000188193
1755-11-20T15:0040.75-38.071692.6MCC_20_903_0063VM8NO7.00-11ZZO-ZLABBERKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188194
1755-11-21T14:0040.85-37.270.0MCC_20_903_0063VM8ONO10.00-12DOODSTILTE0000000188195
1755-11-22T14:0041.27-36.72112MCC_20_903_0064VM8NO 1/2 N10.00-12ZOTOMINDERE KOELTE0000000188196
1755-11-23T14:0041.83-36.521346.7MCC_20_903_0064VM8NO 1/2 O17.50-12ZO-ZOTZGEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation188197
1755-11-24T14:0042.27-35.07782.6MCC_20_903_0064VM8NNO 2/3 O10.00-12OTZ-OLABBERKOELTEKLARE LUCHT0000000188198
1755-11-25T14:0043.40-34.4810912.3MCC_20_903_0064VM8NNO 1/2 O14.00-15ZOTODUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000188199
1755-11-26T14:0044.33-33.081436.7MCC_20_903_0064VM8NO 1/2 O20.00-15ZOTZ-ZZOGEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188200
1755-11-27T14:0045.02-31.736.7MCC_20_903_0064VM8NOTO18.00-16GEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188201
1755-11-28T14:0045.57-29.201876.7MCC_20_903_0064VM8OTN27.50-16ZZWGEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTEDIKKE LUCHT0000000188202
1755-11-29T14:0046.25-26.782326.7MCC_20_903_0065VM8ONO27.00-16ZWTW-WZWMARSZEILSKOELTEREGENDIKKE LUCHT0100000188203
1755-11-30T14:0046.97-24.982322.6MCC_20_903_0065VM8ONO20.00-16W-WZWLABBERKOELTE0000000188204
1755-12-01T14:0046.77-23.72310MCC_20_903_0065VM8O13.00-16NNW-NWTNREGENDIKKE LUCHT0100000188205
1755-12-02T14:0047.08-22.68402.6MCC_20_903_0065VM8O10.50-16N-NOTOLABBERKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188206
1755-12-03T13:0047.27-22.471302.6MCC_20_903_0065VM8NOTO2.50-16ZO-ZOTZLABBERKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188207
1755-12-04T13:0048.02-20.2716113.1MCC_20_903_0066VM8ONO24.00-19ZSTIJVE DUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000188208
1755-12-05T13:0048.32-18.6231922.6MCC_20_903_0066VM8OTN 1/2 N17.00-19ZZW-NNWSTIJVE ONDERZEILSKOELTEREGENDIKKE LUCHT0100000188209
1755-12-06T13:0048.30-17.622172.6MCC_20_903_0066VM8OTZ10.00-19NW-ZWTWLABBERKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188210
1755-12-07T13:0049.22-14.9821712.3MCC_20_903_0066VM8ONO28.00-19WZW-ZWTWSTIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000188211
1755-12-08T13:0049.42-12.332309.3MCC_20_903_0066VM8O26.00-18ZWTW-WZWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000188212
1755-12-10T12:0049.48-7.232759.3MCC_20_903_0067VM8OTN25.50-18WTN-WNWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEKLARE LUCHT0000000188213
1755-12-11T12:0049.63-5.371739.3MCC_20_903_0067LESARTN6VM8O 1/2 N18.50-18ZTWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000188214
1755-12-12T00:0032612.3MCC_20_903_0067POORTLAND O PUNTN41VM8NW-NWTNDUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000188215
1755-12-13T00:002702.6MCC_20_903_00671VM8NW-WSLAPPE KOELTEKKLARE LUCHT0000000188216
1755-12-14T00:00MCC_20_903_00681VM80000000188217