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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during PELHAM cruise from Anjengo to St. Helena started at 1756-05-01 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751136, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -22.424783 * Median Longitude: 42.567500 * South-bound Latitude: -36.220000 * West-bound Longitude: -5.000000 * North-bound Latitude: 7.220000 * East-bound Longitude: 80.680000
Date/Time Start: 1756-05-01T07:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1756-07-31T12:00:00
Event(s):
Pelham_17560501_BL_L/MAR/B/607C * Latitude Start: 8.840000 * Longitude Start: 76.590000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1756-05-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1756-07-31T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Pelham, Voyage: Anjengo - St Helena, 1st Observer: George Lindsey (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 CommentCommentAny remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc.
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
15 Current speed descriptionV descr
16 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
17 Present weatherwwWeather description
18 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
19 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
20 Cloud typeCloud type
21 ClearnessClearness
22 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
23 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
24 FogFog1 If fog was reported
25 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
26 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
27 HailHail1 If hail was reported
28 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
29 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1491 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Comment
(Any remark, found in the logb...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
14 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
15 
V descr
16 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
17 
ww
(Weather description)
18 
Precip descr
19 
State sea descr
20 
Cloud type
21 
Clearness
22 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
23 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
24 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
25 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
26 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
27 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
28 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
29 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1756-05-01T07:007.2277.113256.7ANJENGONBW5S15:30E75.00-1WNW, SWBW, NWBNMODERATEFIRST CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER FINE0000000185599
1756-05-02T07:005.9777.912036.7S35:30E82.000WSW, SW, SWBW, SWBS, SSWMODERATE BREEZESHAZY0000000185600
1756-05-03T07:005.3778.41208SE1/2E47.000SWBS, SWBW, SW, SSW1/2WTHUNDER AND LIGHTNINGCLOUDY0000100185601
1756-05-04T07:004.4378.8127019.0S24E54.000WBS, WSW, SWBW, SW, WFIRST MODERATE MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES INTERMIXED WITH SQUALLSRAINWESTERN SEAFAIR0100000185602
1756-05-05T07:003.3279.352366.7S36E54.000WSW, WBS, SWBW, SW, SWBWFIRST AND MID HEAVY SQUALLS, LATTER MORE MODERATECLOUDY0000000185603
1756-05-06T07:001.8079.66225SBE1/4E77.000W, WBS, SWBW, SWSQUALLY AND INCONSISTANTHAZY0000000185604
1756-05-07T07:000.3079.90236S15:30E57.000SWBW, WNW, SW, SWBWSQUALLYRAINCLOUDY0100000185605
1756-05-08T07:00-0.6580.3827019.0S27E64.000SWBW, SSW, SW, WBS, WFIRST MODERATE, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES INTERMIXED WITH SQUALLSRAINFAIR0100000185606
1756-05-09T07:00-1.9280.682596.7S23:30E46.000SW, SBE, WSW, W, WBSFIRST AND MID SQUALLY, LATTER MORE MODERATERAINYFIRST AND MID CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR0100000185607
1756-05-10T07:00-3.2580.6824815.4S88.000S, SWBW, WSW, WBS, WSWMODERATE GALESFAIR0000000185608
1756-05-11T07:00-4.0380.583046.7S8W44.000W, WSW, WBS, WNW, NWBWMODERATEDRIZZLING RAINFIRST AND LATTER FAIR, MID CLOUDY0100000185609
1756-05-12T07:00-4.7780.46682.6SBW36.000N, NEBN, NEBE, ENESMALL BREEZESSOME RAINCLOUDY0100000185610
1756-05-13T07:00-5.9080.23686.7S14:30W55.000NBE, NE, EBS, ENEMODERATECLEAR0000000185611
1756-05-14T07:00-6.7879.981241.0S18:30W47.000E, VARIABLE, SE, SEBESLIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLEHEAVY SHOWERSVERY CLOUDY1000000185612
1756-05-15T07:00-7.4279.6879S22W49.000ESE, SE, NW, EBS, NEBE, EBNVARIABLERAINYCLOUDY0100000185613
1756-05-16T07:00-8.4379.11112S27W75.00-1ESE, E, SBE, SEBE, ESESOME SQUALLSRAINCLOUDY0100000185614
1756-05-17T07:00-9.9378.311459.3S33W89.00-1SEBS, SE, ESE, SEBSFRESH BREEZES SOME SQUALLSCLOUDY0000000185615
1756-05-18T07:00-11.0877.60202S40W67.00-1SEBE, SE, SEBS, SSE, SSWRIPPLINGFIRST MODERATE GALES, LATTER VARIABLE AIRS AND CALMRAINYGREAT SE SWELLHAZY0100000185616
1756-05-19T07:00-12.6076.85120S33W84.00-4SEBESOME SQUALLSHAZY0000000185617
1756-05-20T07:00-14.0075.91142S38W90.00-4SE, SEBE, SEBSFREQUENT SQUALLSRAINCLOUDY0100000185618
1756-05-21T07:00-15.2074.661209.3S45W102.00-4SE, SEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY AND HAZY0000000185619
1756-05-22T07:00-16.1773.53120S56W80.00-4SEBS, SEBESMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000185620
1756-05-23T07:00-16.9572.311189.3S56W85.00-6SEBEEASY TRADECLEAR0000000185621
1756-05-24T07:00-17.9270.7815019.0S56W107.00-8SEBE, SSEFINE FRESH GALESCLOUDY0000000185622
1756-05-25T07:00-18.7568.61138S67W136.00-8SEBSSQUALLSHEAVY SEA FROM SECLOUDY0000000185623
1756-05-26T08:00-19.6566.4513619.0S63W140.00-10SEBSFIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MID SQUALLYSMALL RAINFAIR0100000185624
1756-05-27T08:00-20.3065.08148S57W95.00-10SE, SSE, SBE, SSESQUALLS OF WINDRAIN AT TIMESCLOUDY0100000185625
1756-05-28T08:00-21.4262.711489.3S62W132.00-10SSEFINE GALESHAZY0000000185626
1756-05-29T08:00-22.6760.587412.3S58W142.00-16SSE, ESE, EFRESH TRADECLEAR0000000185627
1756-05-30T08:00-23.2558.71636.7S75W108.00-16EBS, EBNPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR0000000185628
1756-05-31T08:00-23.3757.51631.0S79W68.00-16E, EBNLIGHT AIRSLARGE E SWELLFAIR0000000185629
1756-06-01T08:00-24.0756.53105S74W56.00-19ENE, ESE, SEBEWLARGE SWELLFAIR0000000185630
1756-06-02T08:00-24.3755.76490.0S72W44.00-19SE, ENEMODERATE WITH LITTLE WINDS INCLINABLE TO CALMLARGE SWELL FROM SECLEAR0000000185631
1756-06-03T08:00-24.2055.462060.0S87W18.00-19ESE, NE, WSW, SWINCLINABLE TO CALMGREAT SWELL FROM THE SW0000000185632
1756-06-04T08:00-24.4054.201396.7S73W72.00-19SWBW, SBW, S, SSEMODERATE BREEZESFAIR0000000185633
1756-06-05T08:00-25.6053.001169.3S45W92.00-19SEFINE GALECLOUDY0000000185634
1756-06-06T09:00-26.6852.08476.7S38W81.00-21ESE, ENEMODERATE BREEZESSMOOTH WATERCLEAR0000000185635
1756-06-07T09:00-27.4751.20193S46W64.00-21EBN, NBW, NW, SWBSVARIABLEVARIABLELARGE W SWELL0000000185636
1756-06-08T09:00-27.9749.801126.7S68W81.00-23SSW, SBW, S, SSE, SEMODERATECLOUDY0000000185637
1756-06-09T09:00-28.8248.801356.7S46W74.00-23SSE, SE, SBE, SSEMODERATE BREEZESRAIN AT TIMESGREAT SWELL FROM SWBWCLOUDY0100000185638
1756-06-10T09:00-28.9847.53226.7S79W66.00-23SSE, SE, E, ENE, NEMODERATESMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000185639
1756-06-11T09:00-29.2846.10336S76W78.00-24NNE, NBW, NHAZYVERY LARGE W SWELL0000000185640
1756-06-12T09:00-30.2745.083026.7S60W60.00-24N, NBW, NWBW, NWBNFIRST FRESH BREEZES, MID SQUALLY, LATTER MORE MODERATERAIN0100000185641
1756-06-13T09:00-30.1044.53201N62W49.00-24W, WSW, SBW, SWVARIABLEVARIABLE0000000185642
1756-06-14T09:00-30.0743.60167W48.00-24WSW, SWBW, SSW, SW, SBWHEAD SEAHAZY AND FAIR0000000185643
1756-06-15T09:00-30.0742.50764.6S70:30W60.00-25SSE, ESE, E, EBSLIGHT GALESVERY FINE0000000185644
1756-06-16T09:00-31.2040.80657.3S67W99.00-25EPLEASANT BREEZES INCREASINGFIRST AND MID HAZY, LATTER CLEAR0000000185645
1756-06-17T09:00-31.8739.56155S68W68.00-25EBN, NEBE, WNW, WBS, SCHANGEABLECHANGEABLE0000000185646
1756-06-18T09:00-31.9738.16178S83W72.00-25SW, SBW, SSW, SWBS, SSWFIRST SQUALLYLARGE SEA FROM SREMAINDER HAZY0000000185647
1756-06-19T10:00-32.1036.951556.7S82W64.00-25SSW, SW, SWBS, SSE, SMODERATE BREEZESGREAT SWELL FROM SSWCLOUDY0000000185648
1756-06-20T10:00-32.6736.2596.7S63W40.00-25SBE, SE, EBN, ENE, NEBNPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR0000000185649
1756-06-21T10:00-33.5733.783139.3S76W128.00-25NBE, N, NNE, NBW, NNWSTRONGPLEASANT GALESFINE AND FAIR0000000185650
1756-06-22T10:00-33.9032.06347S79W77.00-24NBW, N, NE, NBELIGHTNING TO EFAIR0000100185651
1756-06-23T10:00-34.3229.2534716.3S88W129.00-24NE, ENE, NE, NBEMODERATE GALES INCREASINGCLEAR AND PLEASANT0000000185652
1756-06-24T10:00-34.7527.51179S74W76.00-24NBE, NWBN, NW, SWBS, SSWLIGHTNING FROM THE SFIRST AND LATTER FAIR, MID CLOUDY0000100185653
1756-06-25T10:00-34.8326.05126.7S87W62.00-22ESE, E, NE, NNE, NEBNFIRST LIGHT AIRS, LATTER INCREASING TO A PLEASANT BREEZES SWELLHAZY0000000185654
1756-06-26T10:00-34.9324.762939.3S84W53.00-22NEBN, NBE, WNW, WBN, NWFRESH BREEZESFIRST AND MID CLOUDY AND HAZY, LATTER CLEAR0000000185655
1756-06-27T10:00-34.4324.7725926.8N22E32.00-22WNW, W, WBNHARD GALES AND SQUALLY0000000185656
1756-06-28T10:00-34.6025.0828227.4S73E31.00CAN CARRY NO SAIL-22NWBWA VERY HARD GALEGREAT SEA0000000185657
1756-06-29T10:00-34.4725.43115.4N77E37.00-22SWBS, NNE, NBW, NNEHEIGHT OF THE GALE STILL CONTINUES0000000185658
1756-06-30T10:00-34.6825.1024815.4N54W5.00-22NE, W, NW, NWBN, WNW, WGALES SOME WHAT LESSGREAT SEA0000000185659
1756-07-01T10:00-35.2823.21338S62W64.00-22NW, WNW, NVERY LARGE SEAFAIR0000000185660
1756-07-02T10:00-35.2524.0330426.8N80E53.00-22WNW, WBN, NW, NNW, NWBNHARD GALESVERY LARGE SEA0000000185661
1756-07-03T10:00-35.2524.601227.4E40.00-22NE, NEBNVERY HARD GALESPRODIGIOUS SEA0000000185662
1756-07-04T10:00-35.3224.3124819.0S44W6.00-22NE, NWBW, N, NBW, NW, WFIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MID MORE MODERATELARGE SWELL FROM THE WCLOUDY AND HAZY0000000185663
1756-07-05T10:00-35.9223.722596.7N24W42.00-22WBN, WBS, SSW, NWBW, WBNMORE MODERATEGREAT SEAHAZY0000000185664
1756-07-06T11:00-35.3522.203512.6N72W66.00-20SE, SEBE, ESE, N, NBELIGHT BREEZESLARGE SWELL FROM THE EFAIR0000000185665
1756-07-07T11:00-35.3820.01329S89W96.00-20NE, NEBN, EBS, NBE, NBWFAIR0000000185666
1756-07-08T11:00-36.2219.1729519.0S45W43.00-20CALM, NW, NNW, WNW, NWBN, NWFRESH GALES AND THICK SQUALLYRAIN AND HAILLARGE SWELL FROM THE N0100010185667
1756-07-09T11:00-35.1219.2025027.4N33E24.00-20WNW, NWBW, WNW, WHARDEST GALES AND SQUALLSHAZY0000000185668
1756-07-10T11:00-35.1018.37250LANDNE15S71W13.00-20WBN, WBS, WNW, WBS, WHAZY AND UNCONSISTANT0000000185669
1756-07-11T11:00-34.3517.50936.7CAPE BON ESPERENCEEBS1/2S18-20SWBW, SWBS, SW, SEBE, ESEFIRST AND LATTER PLEASANT BREEZES, MID LIGHT AIRS AND CALM0000000185670
1756-07-12T11:00-33.8716.783610.0N63W90.00-17SE, CALMPLEASANT BREEZES DECREASING TO CALMSSMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000185671
1756-07-13T11:00-33.1716.011972.6N38W62.00-17SE, SSE, ESE, SSW, SWBSLIGHT WINDSFAIR0000000185672
1756-07-14T11:00-32.5015.612302.6N27W45.00-18NWBW, NWBN, WBN, WBS, WSWLITTLE WINDGREAT SW SWELL0000000185673
1756-07-15T11:00-32.1215.143610.0N48W32.00-18SW, CALMCALMGREATEST SWELL HE EVER SAW0000000185674
1756-07-16T11:00-31.3814.3812810.0N42W39.00-18SSW, SSE, SEBSFIRST LIGHT AIRS, MID AND LATTER FRESH BREEZES INCREASINGS SWELL0000000185675
1756-07-17T11:00-29.9212.741179.3N38W138.00-18SEBS, SECLOUDYCLOUDY0000000185676
1756-07-18T11:00-29.4212.283610.0N38W39.00-16SSE, E, CALMFIRST AND MID MODERATE BREEZES, DECREASING TO CALMHAZY0000000185677
1756-07-19T11:00-28.7512.163611.0N11W32.00-16WBN, WNW, W, CALMLIGHT AIRS AND CALMFAIR0000000185678
1756-07-20T11:00-27.1710.43141N43W123.00-17WBN, W, SSW, SSEFAIR AND HAZY0000000185679
1756-07-21T11:00-25.078.5611819.0N36W170.00-17SSE, SEBS, SEFRESH GALESFOLLOWING SEAHAZY0000000185680
1756-07-22T11:00-23.237.561529.3N26W121.00-17SE, SBEFINE GALESCLOUDY0000000185681
1756-07-23T12:00-21.206.541439.3N25W136.00-15S, SBW, SSEPLEASANT TRADEFOLLOWING SEAHAZY0000000185682
1756-07-24T12:00-18.975.9414312.3N14W139.00-15SBE, SSE, SEBS, SE, SSEFRESH TRADESMOOTH WATER AND FOLLOWING SEACLOUDY0000000185683
1756-07-25T12:00-17.275.241429.3N13W132.00-16SSEFINE GALEDARK CLOUDY0000000185684
1756-07-26T12:00-15.933.9414212.3N43W110.00-16S, SSEFRESH TRADEDARK CLOUDY0000000185685
1756-07-27T12:00-16.071.6914419.0S88W130.00-14SEBS, SSEFRESH GALESLARGE S SEAHAZY AND DARK0000000185686
1756-07-28T12:00-15.98-0.0413212.3W99.00-14SSE, SEBSFRESH TRADEDRIZZLING RAINHAZY0100000185687
1756-07-29T12:00-16.03-1.62121S89W91.00-14SEDRIZZLING RAINHAZY AND CLOUDY0100000185688
1756-07-30T12:00-15.92-2.661129.3N88W94.00-12SEBEPLEASANT TRADECLOSECLOUDY0000000185689
1756-07-31T12:00-15.93-5.001016.7ST HELENAWBN - WBS5-12SE, SSE, SEBS, ESEPLEASANT BREEZEHAZY0000000185690