García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during PALLAS cruise from St. Eustatius to Suriname started at 1829-09-29 [dataset]. Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, Den Haag, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751067, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 13.642000 * Median Longitude: -58.186800 * South-bound Latitude: 6.930000 * West-bound Longitude: -62.370000 * North-bound Latitude: 17.580000 * East-bound Longitude: -54.230000
Date/Time Start: 1829-09-29T16:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1829-10-23T16:00:00
Event(s):
Pallas_18290929_MAR_D23905_3555 * Latitude Start: 16.020000 * Longitude Start: 61.900000 * Latitude End: 6.180000 * Longitude End: -55.410000 * Date/Time Start: 1829-09-29T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1829-10-23T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Pallas (Korvet), Voyage: St Eustatius - Suriname, 1st Observer: H. Van de Velde (Kltz), Company: MAR, Other ship information: BEMAND MET 127 KOPPEN
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Pressure, atmospheric | PPPP | hPa | No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude | ||
| 7 | Temperature, air | TTT | °C | |||
| 8 | Image number/name | Image no/name | Identification Number of the original image | |||
| 9 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 10 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 11 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 12 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of second landmark | |||
| 13 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the second landmark | |||
| 14 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the second landmark | ||
| 15 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of third landmark | |||
| 16 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the third landmark | |||
| 17 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the third landmark | ||
| 18 | Watch | Watch | Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships | |||
| 19 | Glasses | Glasses | Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses | |||
| 20 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 21 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 22 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 23 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 24 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the (outside) air thermometer | ||
| 25 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the air pressure | ||
| 26 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 27 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 28 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 29 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 30 | Cloud type | Cloud type | ||||
| 31 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 32 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 33 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 34 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 35 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 36 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 37 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 38 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 39 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
681 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...) | 7 TTT [°C] | 8 Image no/name (Identification Number of the ...) | 9 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 10 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 11 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 12 Landmark (Name of second landmark) | 13 Bearing (Bearing of the second landmark) | 14 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the second landmark) | 15 Landmark (Name of third landmark) | 16 Bearing (Bearing of the third landmark) | 17 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the third landmark) | 18 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...) | 19 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...) | 20 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 21 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 22 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 23 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 24 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...) | 25 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure) | 26 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 27 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 28 ww (Weather description) | 29 Precip descr | 30 Cloud type | 31 Clearness | 32 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 33 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 34 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 35 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 36 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 37 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 38 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 39 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1829-09-29T16:00 | 16.98 | -62.37 | 47 | 4.9 | 1009.2 | 29.2 | MAR_D23905_3555_0257 | OOSTHOEK MONTSERRAT | Z 3/4 W | NO HOEK GUADELOUPE (GIS) | ZO 1/3 O | 13 | VM | 8 | ZO 1/2 O | 18.00 | 2 | 84.50 | 29.80 | NO | FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | BEWOLKTE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183306 | ||||||||
| 1829-09-30T16:00 | 16.60 | -61.77 | 81 | 4.6 | 1007.2 | 29.2 | MAR_D23905_3555_0257 | GROS MORNE | ZZW 1/3 W | PUNT ANTIGUA (GIS) | ZO | 2 | VM | 8 | ZOTO 1/8 O | 12.50 | 2 | 84.50 | 29.74 | ONO-OTN | BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN FLAUWE KOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183307 | ||||||||
| 1829-10-01T16:00 | 17.23 | -61.37 | 148 | 1.0 | 1005.8 | 30.6 | MAR_D23905_3555_0258 | SERDA (GIS) | ZTO 1/2 O | 15 | OOSTHOEK BARBADOS (GIS) | ZZO | 68 | VM | 8 | NNO 7/8 O | 11.00 | 2 | 87.00 | 29.70 | OZO-ZOTZ | FLAUW | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183308 | |||||||
| 1829-10-02T16:00 | 17.58 | -61.03 | 180 | 0.6 | 1011.2 | 28.9 | MAR_D23905_3555_0258 | OOSTHOEK BARBADOS (GIS) | ZTO 1/3 O | 70 | VM | 8 | OTN | 7.00 | 0 | 84.00 | 29.86 | Z | ZEER FLAUWE KOELTE | HELDERE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183309 | ||||||||||
| 1829-10-03T16:00 | 17.40 | -60.55 | 227 | 2.6 | 1009.2 | 29.4 | MAR_D23905_3555_0258 | OOSTHOEK BARBADOS (GIS) | ZTO 1/4 O | 65 | VM | 8 | OZO | 4.25 | 2 | 85.00 | 29.80 | Z-ZW | FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183310 | |||||||||||
| 1829-10-04T16:00 | 17.07 | -60.57 | 227 | 1.0 | 1010.6 | 28.9 | MAR_D23905_3555_0259 | ST MARTINES RIF (GIS) | OTZ | 58 | ST ESPRIT RIF (GIS) | ZOTZ | 41 | VM | 8 | ZO | 8.00 | 2 | 84.00 | 29.84 | ZW | FLAUW | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183311 | |||||||
| 1829-10-05T16:00 | 16.72 | -60.63 | 92 | 1010.6 | 30.0 | MAR_D23905_3555_0259 | OOSTHOEK EILAND | ZW 1/2 W | ST MARTENS BANK (GIS) | O | 58 | RIF ESPRIT (GIS) | ZO 1/2 Z | 40 | VM | 8 | ZO 3/4 O | 2.75 | HET IS ONBEKEND WELK EILAND WORDT GEPEILD, MEN VERMOEDT DESERDE. | 2 | 86.00 | 29.84 | O | BEWOLKTE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183312 | ||||||
| 1829-10-06T16:00 | 17.02 | -60.58 | 81 | 2.6 | 1012.6 | 30.3 | MAR_D23905_3555_0259 | ST MARTINES BANK (GIS) | OTZ | 58 | ESPRIT RIF (GIS) | ZOTZ | 41 | VM | 8 | NO 1/8 N | 8.00 | 2 | 86.50 | 29.90 | OTN | FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | HELDERE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183313 | |||||||
| 1829-10-07T16:00 | 15.92 | -60.03 | 81 | 4.6 | 1011.9 | 29.7 | MAR_D23905_3555_0260 | ESPRIT RIF (GIS) | ZO 3/4 Z | 24 | OOSTHOEK BARBADOS (GIS) | ZTO | 42 | VM | 8 | ZO 1/2 O | 11.50 | 2 | 85.50 | 29.88 | OTN | BRAMZEILSKOELTE | WOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183314 | |||||||
| 1829-10-08T16:00 | 15.22 | -59.63 | MAR_D23905_3555_0260 | ESPRIT RIF (GIS) | ZO 1/3 O | 12 | OOSTHOEK BARBADOS (GIS) | VM | 8 | ZOTZ | 11.25 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183315 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1829-10-09T16:00 | 14.20 | -59.32 | 70 | 2.6 | 1011.2 | 28.9 | MAR_D23905_3555_0261 | OOSTHOEK BARBADOS (GIS) | Z 1/2 W | 17 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | ZZO 1/3 O | 138 | HAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS) | ZOTZ | 150 | VM | 8 | ZZO 1/3 O | 15.50 | 2 | 84.00 | 29.86 | ONO | BUIÏGE KOELTE | REGEN | OPHELDERENDE LUCHT | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183316 | |||
| 1829-10-10T16:00 | 14.53 | -58.63 | 137 | 1.0 | 1007.9 | 29.7 | MAR_D23905_3555_0261 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | ZZO 1/2 Z | 138 | MAROWIJNE (GIS) | ZZO 1/2 O | 150 | VM | 8 | O 1/2 N | 13.00 | 2 | 85.50 | 29.76 | O-ZO | FLAUWE KOELTE | WINDBUIEN | BETROKKEN LUCHT EN OPHELDEREND | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183317 | ||||||
| 1829-10-11T16:00 | 14.75 | -58.30 | MAR_D23905_3555_0261 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | ZTO 1/2 O | 141 | VM | 8 | NO 7/8 O | 7.50 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183318 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1829-10-12T16:00 | 13.82 | -58.07 | 126 | 1.0 | 1012.6 | 28.9 | MAR_D23905_3555_0263 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | ZTO 2/3 O | 126 | VM | 8 | ZO 3/4 Z | 13.75 | 2 | 84.00 | 29.90 | O-ZOTO | FLAUWE KOELTE | BUIIG | BETROKKEN LUCHT | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183319 | |||||||||
| 1829-10-13T16:00 | 14.08 | -57.55 | 92 | 6.7 | 1011.9 | 29.4 | MAR_D23905_3555_0263 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | ZTO 1/4 O | 127 | VM | 8 | NOTO 1/2 O | 8.75 | 2 | 85.00 | 29.88 | O | MARSZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183320 | ||||||||||
| 1829-10-14T16:00 | 13.62 | -57.08 | 68 | 4.9 | 1011.9 | 28.6 | MAR_D23905_3555_0263 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | ZTO 1/2 O | 120 | VM | 8 | ZO 1/8 Z | 10.25 | 0 | 83.50 | 29.88 | O-ONO | FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | BUIÏGE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183321 | ||||||||||
| 1829-10-15T16:00 | 11.98 | -56.57 | 115 | 2.6 | 1012.6 | 28.9 | MAR_D23905_3555_0264 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | ZTO 2/3 O | 95 | VM | 8 | ZTO 1/2 O | 25.50 | 2 | 84.00 | 29.90 | ONO-OZO | BUIÏGE KOELTE | REGEN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183322 | ||||||||||
| 1829-10-16T16:00 | 10.85 | -56.52 | 182 | 2.6 | 1010.6 | 29.2 | MAR_D23905_3555_0264 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | ZTO 1/3 O | 77 | VM | 8 | Z 1/4 O | 17.00 | 2 | 84.50 | 29.84 | Z | FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | BEWOLKTE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183323 | ||||||||||
| 1829-10-17T16:00 | 10.95 | -55.68 | 115 | 1012.6 | 29.2 | MAR_D23905_3555_0264 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | Z 1/2 O | 77 | VM | 8 | O 2/3 N | 12.50 | 2 | 84.50 | 29.90 | OZO | WINDBUITJES | REGEN | BUIÏGE, BETROKKEN LUCHT | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183324 | ||||||||||
| 1829-10-18T16:00 | 10.67 | -55.25 | 115 | 2.6 | 1014.6 | 29.7 | MAR_D23905_3555_0265 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | Z | 78 | VM | 8 | ZTO 1/4 O | 7.75 | 2 | 85.50 | 29.96 | ONO-OZO | FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183325 | ||||||||||
| 1829-10-19T16:00 | 9.63 | -54.93 | 81 | 1.0 | 1010.6 | 28.9 | MAR_D23905_3555_0265 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | Z 1/2 W | 56 | VM | 8 | ZZO 1/2 O | 16.25 | 2 | 84.00 | 29.84 | OTN | FLAUW | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183326 | ||||||||||
| 1829-10-20T16:00 | 9.38 | -54.77 | 115 | 0.0 | 1011.2 | 28.3 | MAR_D23905_3555_0265 | BRAMSPUNT (GIS) | Z 2/3 W | 53 | VM | 8 | ZO 7/8 O | 10.50 | 2 | 83.00 | 29.86 | OZO | FLAUW-STIL | REGEN | BUIÏGE LUCHT, LATER OPKLAREND | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183327 | |||||||||
| 1829-10-21T16:00 | 9.50 | -54.23 | 137 | 2.6 | 1009.9 | 28.9 | MAR_D23905_3555_0266 | MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS) | Z 3/8 O | 56 | SURINAME RIVIER (GIS) | ZTW 1/3 W | 55 | RIVIER CORANTIJN (GIS) | ZW 1/2 Z | 68 | VM | 8 | OTN | 8.50 | 2 | 84.00 | 29.82 | ZO | FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | BEWOLKTE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183328 | ||||
| 1829-10-22T16:00 | 8.42 | -54.27 | 92 | 6.7 | 1011.9 | 29.2 | MAR_D23905_3555_0267 | MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS) | Z 1/2 O | 40 | SURINAME RIVIER (GIS) | ZTW 7/8 W | 42 | RIVIER CORANTIJN (GIS) | ZW 1/8 W | 56 | VM | 8 | Z 1/8 W | 16.00 | 2 | 84.50 | 29.88 | O | STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183329 | ||||
| 1829-10-23T16:00 | 6.93 | -54.97 | 127 | 2.6 | 1010.6 | 27.8 | MAR_D23905_3555_0267 | SURINAME RIVIER (GIS) | ZTW 1/2 W | 18 | RIVIER CORANTIJN (GIS) | ZWTW 7/8 W | 34 | VM | 8 | ZZW 1/4 W | 24.75 | S AVONDS KOMT MEN IN DE MONDING VAN DE RIVIER DE SURINAME. | 3 | 82.00 | 29.84 | OZO-ZOTO | FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | HELDERE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 183330 |