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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during PALEMBANG cruise from Java to Texel started at 1845-03-12 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751022, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -3.183130 * Median Longitude: 14.135565 * South-bound Latitude: -35.870000 * West-bound Longitude: -38.880000 * North-bound Latitude: 52.130000 * East-bound Longitude: 105.130000
Date/Time Start: 1845-03-12T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1845-07-09T12:00:00
Event(s):
Palembang_18450312_T_REIS_4B_P39-43 * Latitude Start: -7.500000 * Longitude Start: 101.850000 * Latitude End: 53.090000 * Longitude End: 4.670000 * Date/Time Start: 1845-03-12T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1845-07-09T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Palembang (Fregat), Voyage: Java - Texel, 1st Observer: Knoop (Ltz), Company: MAR
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
12 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
13 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
14 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
15 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
16 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
17 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
18 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
19 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
20 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
21 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
22 Present weatherwwWeather description
23 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
24 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
25 Cloud typeCloud type
26 ClearnessClearness
27 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
28 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
29 FogFog1 If fog was reported
30 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
31 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
32 HailHail1 If hail was reported
33 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
34 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2264 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
12 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
13 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
14 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
15 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
16 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
17 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
18 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
19 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
20 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
21 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
22 
ww
(Weather description)
23 
Precip descr
24 
State sea descr
25 
Cloud type
26 
Clearness
27 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
28 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
29 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
30 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
31 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
32 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
33 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
34 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1845-03-12T00:00ANKER OP EN ONDER ZEIL NAAR NEDERLAND.0000000182407
1845-03-13T00:002146.71016.027.8KRAKATAU?ZZW4WESTELIJKST LAND SUMATRAWNW3/4W482.00762.00ZWTZ4V00H000000000182408
1845-03-14T05:00-6.32105.1314.61016.027.81382.00762.00NZ3Z04V030000000182409
1845-03-15T05:00-6.65104.501251.01016.028.31183.00762.00ZOTO1V04, V010000000182410
1845-03-16T05:00-7.10104.371701.01016.728.91184.00762.50ZTO1V000000000182411
1845-03-17T05:00-7.33103.682266.71016.028.31483.00762.00ZW4W20V100100000182412
1845-03-18T05:00-7.78103.0811312.31016.027.80682.00762.00OZO5-6W00W201100000182413
1845-03-19T05:00-8.83102.1013512.31019.928.30683.00764.90ZO6V010000000182414
1845-03-20T05:00-10.5899.6512412.31016.428.30683.00762.30ZOTO6V000000000182415
1845-03-21T06:00-11.5596.3015712.31018.727.8-1682.00764.00ZZO6V050000000182416
1845-03-22T06:00-12.7892.8015615.41016.027.2-2781.00762.00ZZO7V100000000182417
1845-03-23T06:00-14.5589.45989.31016.027.2-3581.00762.00OTZ5V04, V100000000182418
1845-03-24T06:00-16.0786.501329.31018.026.9-3580.50763.50ZO5V000000000182419
1845-03-25T06:00-17.2883.821109.31018.726.1-3579.00764.00OZO5V01H000000000182420
1845-03-26T07:00-18.9880.50956.71018.726.1-6479.00764.00OTZ4W30V040000100182421
1845-03-27T07:00-19.9878.03284.61016.027.2-6381.00762.00NOTN3V040000000182422
1845-03-28T07:00-20.8876.10161.01017.326.7-7180.00763.00NNO1V000000000182423
1845-03-29T07:00-21.0375.323196.71016.026.7-7480.00762.00NWTN4V010000000182424
1845-03-30T07:00-21.2374.401514.61017.325.6-7378.00763.00ZZO3V030000000182425
1845-03-31T07:00-21.8273.23941.01018.725.0-7177.00764.00OTZ1V00, V040000000182426
1845-04-01T07:00-21.8871.701624.61020.025.6-7378.00765.00ZTO3V000000000182427
1845-04-02T07:00-22.0570.501519.31020.024.4-7576.00765.00ZZO5V050000000182428
1845-04-03T07:00-22.4068.221629.31021.724.7-7576.50766.30ZTO4-5V000000000182429
1845-04-04T08:00-23.1264.9310112.31022.725.0-12677.00767.00OZO6W20V050100000182430
1845-04-05T08:00-24.1861.90664.61022.425.0-13377.00766.80OTN3V030000000182431
1845-04-06T08:00-25.0358.681229.31022.725.0-13577.00767.00ZO5V010000000182432
1845-04-07T08:00-25.5255.6310912.31024.923.9-15675.00768.70ZOTO6V100000000182433
1845-04-08T09:00-26.4551.82629.31025.324.4-17576.00769.00OTN5V00, V010000000182434
1845-04-09T09:00-27.4048.673912.31023.524.4-17676.00767.60NOTO6V000000000182435
1845-04-10T09:00-28.1845.77469.31020.025.0-22577.00765.00ONO5H000000000182436
1845-04-11T09:00-29.1342.822489.31018.724.4-22576.00764.00W5W30 NOV040000100182437
1845-04-12T09:00-29.8040.333361.01018.724.7-24176.50764.00N1V040000000182438
1845-04-13T09:00-29.2539.622696.71016.024.4-24476.00762.00WNW4V000000000182439
1845-04-14T09:00-29.6738.5219019.01022.023.9-24875.00766.50ZWTZ8W01W201100000182440
1845-04-15T10:00-29.0536.801779.31024.024.4-26576.00768.00ZZW5V030000000182441
1845-04-16T10:00-28.5535.68424.61021.3-263766.00ONO3V00, V040000000182442
1845-04-17T10:00-29.4034.883576.71021.324.7-26476.50766.00NNO4V00, V040000000182443
1845-04-18T10:00-31.0232.953571.01018.724.4-26176.00764.00NNO1V00H000000000182444
1845-04-19T10:00-31.9831.9331112.31021.324.4-27676.00766.00NO, NNW6V00, V050000000182445
1845-04-20T10:00-33.3729.651404.61026.023.9-29375.00769.50ZTO3V040000000182446
1845-04-21T10:00-34.0228.272306.71024.020.6-29469.00768.00WTZ6-4V000000000182447
1845-04-22T10:00-34.1326.573429.31018.721.7-29571.00764.00NTO5V01H000000000182448
1845-04-23T10:00-35.4824.9721912.31018.721.7-29671.00764.00WZW6V040000000182449
1845-04-24T10:00-34.8322.731744.61019.619.4-29367.00764.70ZZW3V050000000182450
1845-04-25T11:00-35.0221.7019612.31021.318.3-29665.00766.00WNW, ZW6W20V05, V100100000182451
1845-04-26T11:00-35.1220.922419.31019.318.6-29565.50764.50W5W20V100100000182452
1845-04-27T11:00-35.0220.78399.31013.317.8-29564.00760.00ONO4-5V040000000182453
1845-04-28T11:00-35.1320.371741.01014.818.9-29166.00761.10ZZWSTILV050000000182454
1845-04-29T11:00-34.6717.701964.61014.819.2-29366.50761.10ZW3V050000000182455
1845-04-30T11:00-35.0217.2231022.61020.018.9-28966.00765.00NNW9W20V100100000182456
1845-05-01T11:00-35.2715.982081021.318.3-2865.00766.00ZWTWV10, V010000000182457
1845-05-02T11:00-35.8715.471521.01021.317.2-28163.00766.00Z1V000000000182458
1845-05-03T11:00-33.0515.55969.31018.417.2-28563.00763.80ZOTO5V00, V010000000182459
1845-05-04T11:00-31.8013.071971.01018.718.9-28166.00764.00ZW1V01H000000000182460
1845-05-05T11:00-30.6211.971084.61020.019.4-27367.00765.00ZO3V000000000182461
1845-05-06T11:00-29.7811.22979.31019.619.4-27567.00764.70ZOTO5V040000000182462
1845-05-07T11:00-27.928.62416.71018.720.6-27469.00764.00ONO4V050000000182463
1845-05-08T12:00-26.106.571991.01017.324.7-26176.50763.00ZW1V01H000000000182464
1845-05-09T12:00-25.485.532679.31019.321.1-26570.00764.50WNW5V100000000182465
1845-05-10T12:00-23.775.701659.31021.121.1-26570.00765.80ZTW5V040000000182466
1845-05-11T12:00-21.553.851109.31022.722.2-25572.00767.00ZOZ5W20Z04V10, V030100000182467
1845-05-12T12:00-20.251.35899.31022.321.4-24570.50766.70OZO5V050000000182468
1845-05-13T12:00-18.67-1.421006.71021.321.7-24471.00766.00ZOTO4V030000000182469
1845-05-14T12:00-17.42-3.65236.721.4-22470.50OZO, NO4W20V04, V100100000182470
1845-05-15T00:001354.6SUIKERBROODONOWEST HOEK ?? EILZW13NO, ZO3W20H010100000182471
1845-05-17T00:001136.71020.922.21ONDER ZEIL472.00765.70OZO4V030000000182472
1845-05-18T13:00-14.30-9.471036.71019.324.2-21475.50764.50ZOTO4V040000000182473
1845-05-19T13:00-12.65-9.371039.31013.323.9-21575.00760.00ZOTO5V000000000182474
1845-05-20T13:00-10.95-11.50696.71017.325.6-21478.00763.00O4V010000000182475
1845-05-21T13:00-8.87-13.621276.71016.025.0-19477.00762.00ZOTZ4V050000000182476
1845-05-22T13:00-6.63-15.481056.71016.026.7-19480.00762.00ZOTO4V010000000182477
1845-05-23T13:00-4.78-17.431169.31016.726.4-19579.50762.50ZO5V040000000182478
1845-05-24T13:00-2.90-19.481194.61017.626.1-16379.00763.20ZO3V04H000000000182479
1845-05-25T13:00-0.60-20.881184.61017.326.1-17379.00763.00ZO3V02H000000000182480
1845-05-26T13:001.25-21.981524.61016.027.2-17381.00762.00ZTO3V00, V010000000182481
1845-05-27T14:003.18-23.521544.61017.726.4-15379.50763.30ZZW, ZTO3V030000000182482
1845-05-28T14:004.75-24.051651.01017.626.1-15179.00763.20W-Z1W20V100100000182483
1845-05-29T14:005.87-24.520.01017.526.4-1579.50763.10STILV040000000182484
1845-05-30T14:006.47-23.972894.61018.725.6-15378.00764.00NWTW3V010000000182485
1845-05-31T14:007.17-23.72194.61018.126.4-15379.50763.60NOTN3V000000000182486
1845-06-01T14:007.62-23.63186.71017.626.7-16480.00763.20NOTN5-4V000000000182487
1845-06-02T14:008.55-25.2574.61018.425.8-16378.50763.80NNO3V00, V100000000182488
1845-06-03T14:009.07-27.17291.01018.426.1-16179.00763.80NO4-1H010000000182489
1845-06-04T14:009.75-28.103464.61018.725.6-14378.00764.00N3V050000000182490
1845-06-05T14:0011.08-29.453464.61019.625.3-14377.50764.70N3V050000000182491
1845-06-06T14:0011.62-30.88209.31018.924.4-14576.00764.20NOTN5V010000000182492
1845-06-07T14:0012.78-32.383012.31019.524.4-15676.00764.60NO6V040000000182493
1845-06-08T14:0014.70-33.905612.31020.823.9-12675.00765.60ONO6H010000000182494
1845-06-09T14:0016.87-35.08334.61021.323.9-12375.00766.00NO3V03H000000000182495
1845-06-10T14:0018.85-36.573464.61020.924.2-14375.50765.70N3V040000000182496
1845-06-11T15:0019.97-37.98574.61020.924.4-11376.00765.70ONO3V000000000182497
1845-06-12T15:0020.72-38.88344.61014.824.4-11376.00761.10ZOTO, NO3V050000000182498
1845-06-13T15:0021.87-38.82904.61026.723.9-11375.00770.00OTZ3V01, V000000000182499
1845-06-14T15:0023.37-38.50311.01025.325.6-14178.00769.00NO1V00H000000000182500
1845-06-15T15:0024.37-38.722111024.724.4-1476.00768.50ZWV000000000182501
1845-06-16T15:0024.40-38.871894.61023.124.7-14376.50767.30ZZW3V000000000182502
1845-06-17T15:0024.88-38.77996.71024.424.4-14476.00768.30OZO4V040000000182503
1845-06-18T15:0026.05-38.32764.61026.723.9-14375.00770.00O3V040000000182504
1845-06-19T15:0028.05-37.80636.71026.722.2-17472.00770.00OTN4W20V050100000182505
1845-06-20T15:0030.10-37.77859.31026.122.8-17573.00769.60OTZ4-5V000000000182506
1845-06-21T14:0031.13-37.321064.61026.922.2-18372.00770.20ZOTO3V010000000182507
1845-06-22T14:0032.53-36.631374.61027.722.8-21373.00770.80ZZO3W20V03, V040100000182508
1845-06-23T14:0034.32-35.321254.61015.122.2-21372.00761.30ZOTZ3V020000000182509
1845-06-24T14:0036.05-34.132046.71026.722.2-21472.00770.00ZW4W20V100100000182510
1845-06-25T14:0037.50-32.5020012.31023.321.9-25671.50767.50ZW6H010000000182511
1845-06-26T14:0039.07-30.502234.61019.521.7-25371.00764.60WZW3W20V04, V030100000182512
1845-06-27T14:0040.97-27.453136.71020.020.6-25469.00765.00NNW6-4V05, V040000000182513
1845-06-28T14:0042.45-24.431664.61020.024.4-25376.00765.00ZTW3H010000000182514
1845-06-29T13:0043.42-22.2020912.31017.320.0-27668.00763.00ZWTW6V050000000182515
1845-06-30T13:0045.08-18.952329.31013.619.2-27566.50760.20WTZ6-5H010000000182516
1845-07-01T13:0046.97-14.883459.31007.917.8-26564.00755.90NTO5V10, V050000000182517
1845-07-02T13:0047.67-12.5526412.31005.316.7-29662.00754.00WNW6W20V050100000182518
1845-07-03T13:0048.07-8.070.01018.717.2-27163.00764.00STILV010000000182519
1845-07-04T12:0048.90-6.22991.01021.315.0-25159.00766.00ZOTO1V01H000000000182520
1845-07-05T12:0049.48-5.33761.01016.417.2-25163.00762.30ZOTZ, OTZ1V010000000182521
1845-07-06T12:0050.08-3.931784.61018.317.21-25363.00763.70ZZW3H010000000182522
1845-07-07T12:0050.27-2.072024.61018.117.81-23364.00763.60ZW3V040000000182523
1845-07-08T12:0050.33-0.182029.31-235ZW6-5H010000000182524
1845-07-09T12:0052.133.081-200000000182525