Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 45.081053 * Median Longitude: -37.797895 * South-bound Latitude: 41.020000 * West-bound Longitude: -62.360000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.850000 * East-bound Longitude: -7.200000

Date/Time Start: 1755-12-14T16:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1756-01-02T00:00:00

Event(s):

Otter_17551214_NMM_ADM/L/O58 * Latitude Start: 43.400000 * Longitude: -63.030000 * Date/Time Start: 1755-12-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1756-01-02T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Otter (Sloop), Voyage: Halifax - Froward Point (England), 1st Observer: Alexander Innes (Captain), 2nd Observer: John Symons (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 8G, 204BM

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
7	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
8	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
9	Landmark	Landmark		Name of second landmark
10	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the second landmark
11	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the second landmark
12	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
13	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
14	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
15	Comment	Comment		Any remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc.
16	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
17	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
18	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
19	Present weather	ww		Weather description
20	Precipitation description	Precip descr
21	State of the sea description	State sea descr
22	Clearness	Clearness
23	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
24	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
25	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
26	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
27	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
28	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
29	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
30	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

392 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	9 Landmark (Name of second landmark)	10 Bearing (Bearing of the second landmark)	11 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the second landmark)	12 - (1 If position is considered t...)	13 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	14 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	15 Comment (Any remark, found in the logb...)	16 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	17 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	18 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	19 ww (Weather description)	20 Precip descr	21 State sea descr	22 Clearness	24 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	25 Fog (1 If fog was reported)	28 Hail (1 If hail was reported)	30 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1755-12-14T16:00	42.97	-62.35	109	6.7	CAPE SAMBRO	N28:25W	37					S28:25E	110.00		-15	N, NBE, SEBE	FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE, MIDDLE FRESH GALES				FIRST AND LATTER CLOUDY	0	0	0	181884
1755-12-15T16:00	42.07	-62.36	160	6.7	CAPE SAMBRO	N19:15W	54					S	69.00		-9	SE, SBE	MODERATE		INCLINABLE TO RAIN		CLOUDY	1	0	0	181885
1755-12-16T16:00	41.57	-61.31	137	6.7	CAPE SAMBRO	N28:39W	69					S55:06E	37.00		-9	SEBS, WNW, CALM, SEBS	MODERATE				CLOUDY	0	0	0	181886
1755-12-17T16:00	41.02	-58.25	205	19.0	CAPE SAMBRO	N47:32W	106					S76:33E	142.00	CARRIED AWAY THE STARBOARD FOREMAST	-9	SBE, SSW, SWBS	FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES		MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN		FIRST PART CLOUDY	1	0	0	181887
1755-12-18T16:00	41.58	-54.16	316	19.0	CAPE SAMBRO	N66:18W	150					N75:35E	188.00		-10	SW, W, NWBN	FRESH GALES		AT 7AM SMALL RAIN		CLOUDY	1	0	0	181888
1755-12-19T15:00	41.35	-51.43	34	19.0	CAPE SAMBRO	N69:53W	190					S83:24E	122.00		-11	NNW, NE	FRESH GALES				CLOUDY	0	0	0	181889
1755-12-20T15:00	42.12	-50.51	124	19.0	CAPE SAMBRO	N75:21W	199					N41:43E	61.00		-11	NE, EBS, SE	FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FRESH GALES, MIDDLE MODERATE				CLOUDY	0	0	0	181890
1755-12-21T15:00	43.20	-47.00	266	22.6	CAPE SAMBRO	N83:21W	241					N67:42E	156.00		-15	SEBE, S, SSW, WSW, WNW, WBN	FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE AND PART OF THE LATTER STRONG GALES WITH HEAVY SQUALLS OF WIND		MIDDLE AND PART OF THE LATTER HAIL		FIRST PART CLOUDY	1	0	0	181891
1755-12-22T15:00	43.78	-42.26	266	22.6	CAPE SAMBRO	N85(?):27W	307					N80:24E	210.00	SHIPPED SEVERAL LARGE SEAS	-15	WNW, W, WBN	FIRST PART EXCESSIVE STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER STRONG GALES		HAIL			0	0	1	181892
1755-12-23T15:00	44.78	-39.41	233	27.4	CAPE SAMBRO	S89:22W	331					N63:49E	136.00	AT 6 SHIPT A VERY LARGE SEA TO LEEWARD WHICH ENTIRELY FILLED US ? PART. AT 9 SHIPT ANOTHER VERY HEAVY SEA, WHICH WATERLOGD US. HOVE ALL THE GUNS OVERBOARD BUT TWO, CUT AWAY THE STREAM AND KETCH ANCHOR AND OARS OFF THE QUARTERS TO EASE THE SHIP	-15	WBN, SBE, SW, WSW	FIRST PART STRONG GALES, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND, LATTER EXCESSIVE HARD GALES			VERY LARGE SEA FROM WSW		0	0	0	181893
1755-12-24T14:00	45.07	-36.28	210	22.6	CAPE SAMBRO	S88:36W	382					N82:43E	134.00	AT 2 HAULED UP THE FORE SAIL AND SPLIT IT DOWN THE MIDDLE IT RUNNING US UNDER WATER, CUT AWAY THE MAIN TOPMAST TO EASE THE SHIP AND GOT IT ON DECK. UNSTRIPT IT AND SAVED MOST OF THE RIGGING. THROWD THE MAST OVERBOARD AT 12.	-15	WBS, NW, W, SWBW, SW	FIRST PART EXCESSIVE HARD GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER STRONG GALES		FIRST PART HAIL	FIRST PART VERY LARGE SEA, MIDDLE AND LATTER VERY HOLLOW SEA. AT 10 A GREAT SEA AFTER US		0	0	1	181894
1755-12-25T14:00	46.37	-32.46	265		CAPE SAMBRO	S85:23W	439					N64:09E	179.00		-16	WSW, SW, W, WBN	STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY, AT 2AM SQUALLY					0	0	0	181895
1755-12-26T14:00	46.78	-27.36	265	27.4	CAPE SAMBRO	S85:03W	506					N83:00E	210.00	SHIPT A SEA ABAFT AND STOVE IN THE QUARTER WINDOW. AT 8 SET THE FORESAIL TO KEEP THE SEA FROM POOPING US	-16	W, WBN	VERY HARD GALES OF WIND		HAIL	VERY HOLLOW SEA AFTER US		0	0	1	181896
1755-12-27T14:00	47.50	-23.55	262	6.7	CAPE SAMBRO	S84:02W	558					N74:36E	162.00	AT 8PM WAS POOPED AND THROWD OVERBOARD ALL THE SHOT BUT FOURLY (?) TO LIGHTEN THE SHIP BY THE STERN AND ALL THE HENCOOPS. AT 9 SWAYD UP THE FOREYARD AND SET FORESAIL TO KEEP THE SEA FROM BREAKING IN UPON US	-19	W, WBN	FIRST PART HARD GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE,				MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY	0	0	0	181897
1755-12-28T13:00	48.15	-20.36	296	15.4	CAPE SAMBRO	S83:12W	600					ENE1/2(?)E	135.00		-19	WNW, NW	MODERATE GALES			SWELL FROM W	FAIR	0	0	0	181898
1755-12-29T13:00	49.20	-17.36	330	19.0	CAPE SAMBRO	S81:43W	136					N62:08E	137.00		-19	N, NNW, NBW	FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES				FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	0	0	181899
1755-12-30T13:00	49.85	-14.00	319	6.7	CAPE SAMBRO	S81:08W	681					N73:11E	135.00		-19	NBW, NNW	MODERATE				CLOUDY	0	0	0	181900
1755-12-31T13:00	49.75	-10.55	218	19.0	CAPE SAMBRO	S81:45W	728	CAPE ST MARY	N85:05E	46		E1/4S	124.00		-18	NW, W, SWBW	FIRST AND MIDDLE PART MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES				CLOUDY	0	0	0	181901
1756-01-01T12:00	49.43	-7.20	241	2.6	CAPE SAMBRO	S82:50W	774					S81:52E	134.00		-18	SWBW, WBS	FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER LITTLE WIND					0	1	0	181902
1756-01-02T00:00	49.78		315	19.0	LIZARD	NEBE	6				1					WSW, NW	FIRST PART LITTLE WIND, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES	FIRST PART FOGGY			MIDDLE AND LATTER HAZY	0	1	0	181903