García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during OTTER cruise from Hammoze to Hammoze started at 1755-03-21 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.751009, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 48.607317 * Median Longitude: -5.986341 * South-bound Latitude: 47.830000 * West-bound Longitude: -7.170000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.370000 * East-bound Longitude: -5.150000
Date/Time Start: 1755-03-21T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1755-04-30T12:00:00
Event(s):
Otter_17550321_NMM_ADM/L/O58 * Latitude Start: 49.370000 * Longitude Start: -5.850000 * Latitude End: 49.370000 * Longitude End: -5.850000 * Date/Time Start: 1755-03-21T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1755-04-30T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Otter (Sloop), Voyage: Hammoze - Hammoze (Cruising), 1st Observer: Edward Le Cras (Captain), 2nd Observer: Francis Samuel Drake (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 8G, 204BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 17 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 18 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 19 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 20 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 21 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 22 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 23 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 24 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
825 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 Clearness | 17 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 18 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 19 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 20 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 21 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 22 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 23 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 24 Comment | 25 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1755-03-21T12:00 | 49.37 | -5.85 | 218 | 1.0 | RAMSHEAD | N30:00E | 20 | S30:0E | 60.00 | -18 | SE, CALM, SWBW | FIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER LIGHT AIRS INTERMIXED WITH CALMS | LATTER RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181824 | |
| 1755-03-22T12:00 | 49.20 | -6.09 | 207 | 2.6 | RAMSHEAD | N32:26E | 25 | S42:0W | 13.00 | -18 | SW | FIRST AND LATTER LITTLE WINDS, MIDDLE MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181825 | ||
| 1755-03-23T12:00 | 48.93 | -6.04 | 297 | 6.7 | USHANT | SBW | 6 | -18 | SW-NW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181826 | ||||
| 1755-03-24T12:00 | 48.67 | -5.99 | 275 | 19.0 | USHANT | S74:52E | 12 | N74:52E | 39.00 | -18 | NNW, SWBW, WNW | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES | MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN | FIRST PART HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181827 | |
| 1755-03-25T12:00 | 48.67 | -5.44 | 207 | 19.0 | USHANT | S74:14E | 6 | S74:54E | 23.00 | -18 | WNW, SW | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181828 | ||
| 1755-03-26T12:00 | 48.57 | -5.64 | 207 | 19.0 | USHANT | S57:00E | 9 | N36:0W | 14.00 | -18 | SW | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181829 | ||
| 1755-03-27T12:00 | 48.72 | -5.45 | 207 | 6.7 | USHANT | S46:17E | 7 | E | 7.00 | -18 | SW | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | MIDDLE AND LATTER PARTS THICK FOGG | FIRST PART HAZY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181830 | |
| 1755-03-28T12:00 | 48.59 | -5.54 | 207 | USHANT | EBS | 5 | -18 | SW | FIRST PART LITTLE WIND, MIDDLE FRESH GALES | THIS NIGHT A VISIBLE ECLIPSE OF THE MOON, CONTINUANCE 2 HOURS 3/4 | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181831 | ||||
| 1755-03-29T12:00 | 48.47 | -5.62 | 207 | 6.7 | USHANT | N79:42E | 7 | S79:42W | 22.00 | -18 | SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181832 | ||
| 1755-03-30T12:00 | 48.68 | -5.55 | 207 | 19.0 | USHANT | S61:07E | 7 | N14:0E | 13.00 | -18 | SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181833 | ||
| 1755-03-31T12:00 | 48.30 | -5.87 | 207 | 19.0 | USHANT | N70:00E | 12 | S70:0W | 35.00 | -18 | SW | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181834 | ||
| 1755-04-01T12:00 | 48.45 | -6.10 | 207 | 6.7 | USHANT | N85:23E | 13 | N48:0W | 13.00 | -18 | SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | LATTER PART FOGGY | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS HAZY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181835 | |
| 1755-04-02T12:00 | 48.68 | -6.70 | 207 | 19.0 | USHANT | S83:40E | 22 | N59:0W | 27.00 | -18 | SW | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST PART THICK FOG | MIDDLE AND LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181836 | |
| 1755-04-03T12:00 | 49.00 | -6.45 | 207 | 26.8 | USHANT | S61:32E | 20 | N68:0E | 18.00 | -18 | SW | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, LATTER HARD GALES | LATTER SMALL RAIN | FIRST PART HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181837 | |
| 1755-04-04T12:00 | 48.90 | -5.15 | 241 | 6.7 | USHANT | S54:14E | 13 | S74:45E | 23.00 | -18 | WSW, NNW, WBS | FIRST PART HARD GALES, MIDDLE FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181838 | ||
| 1755-04-05T12:00 | 48.43 | -5.97 | 207 | 2.6 | USHANT | N83:40E | 12 | S6:07W | 28.00 | -18 | SW | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER LITTLE WIND | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181839 | ||
| 1755-04-06T12:00 | 47.83 | -5.65 | 230 | 19.0 | USHANT | N28:49E | 15 | S28:49W | 46.00 | -18 | SW, NW, WSW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | SOME RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181840 | ||
| 1755-04-07T12:00 | 47.93 | -6.19 | 241 | 19.0 | USHANT | N52:43E | 19 | N74:44W | 22.00 | -18 | SWBW, WNW, WBS | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | SOME RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181841 | ||
| 1755-04-08T12:00 | 48.23 | -6.10 | 241 | 6.7 | USHANT | N73:30E | 19 | N21:15W | 19.00 | -18 | WNW-WBS | MODERATE | FIRST PART FOGGY | MIDDLE PART FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181842 | |
| 1755-04-09T12:00 | 48.87 | -7.07 | 263 | 19.0 | USHANT | S74:37E | 28 | N34:23W | 46.00 | -18 | WBS-WBN | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181843 | ||
| 1755-04-10T12:00 | 48.73 | -7.17 | 162 | 6.7 | USHANT | S80:32E | 29 | S26:34W | 9.00 | -18 | WBN, SW-S | MODERATE | FOGGY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181844 | ||
| 1755-04-11T12:00 | 48.83 | -6.37 | 207 | 19.0 | USHANT | S68:58E | 19 | N79:23W | 32.00 | -18 | S-SW | FIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST PART FOGGY | MIDDLE AND LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181845 | |
| 1755-04-12T12:00 | 48.77 | -6.60 | 207 | 19.0 | USHANT | S75:32E | 21 | S68:0W | 11.00 | -18 | SW | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | LATTER PART SHOWERS OF RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MIDDLE CLEAR | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181846 | |
| 1755-04-13T12:00 | 48.67 | -6.10 | 207 | 19.0 | USHANT | S7624E | 14 | S74:00E | 22.00 | -18 | SW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181847 | |||
| 1755-04-14T12:00 | 48.73 | -6.09 | 207 | 19.0 | USHANT | S71:00E | 14 | N14:00E | 4.00 | -18 | SW | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181848 | ||
| 1755-04-15T12:00 | 48.97 | -6.34 | 207 | 19.0 | USHANT | S61:00E | 19 | N35:33W | 17.00 | -18 | SW | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181849 | ||
| 1755-04-16T12:00 | 48.97 | -6.47 | 207 | 6.7 | USHANT | S63:26E | 21 | W | 5.00 | -18 | SW | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | MIDDE AND LATTER FOGGY | FIRST PART HAZY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181850 | |
| 1755-04-17T12:00 | 48.82 | -6.00 | 207 | 2.6 | USHANT | S63:50E | 14 | S62:00E | 19.00 | -18 | SW | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER LITTLE WIND | MIDDLE AND LATTER THICK FOG | FIRST PART FAIR | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181851 | |
| 1755-04-18T12:00 | 49.12 | -5.87 | 230 | 6.7 | USHANT | S39:36E | 16 | S15:32E | 19.00 | -18 | WBN, NW, WSW | MODERATE | FOGGY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181852 | ||
| 1755-04-19T12:00 | 48.92 | -5.65 | 173 | 19.0 | USHANT | S1/2W | 5 | -18 | SE-SBW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LITTLE WIND, LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FOGGY | LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181853 | |||
| 1755-04-20T12:00 | 48.72 | -5.42 | 140 | 19.0 | USHANT | S47:00E | 6 | N47:00E | 19.00 | -18 | SBW-SSE | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FRESH GALES, MIDDLE MODERATE | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS HAZY, MIDDLE FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181854 | ||
| 1755-04-21T12:00 | 48.23 | -5.59 | 230 | 6.7 | USHANT | S56:19E | 10 | S52:44W | 26.00 | -18 | SBE, S, WSW | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181855 | ||
| 1755-04-22T12:00 | 48.23 | -5.67 | 207 | 6.7 | USHANT | N52:44E | 9 | W | 4.00 | -18 | SW | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181856 | ||
| 1755-04-23T12:00 | 48.27 | -6.30 | 207 | 6.7 | USHANT | N74:10E | 17 | N85:26W | 25.00 | -18 | SW | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181857 | ||
| 1755-04-24T12:00 | 48.47 | -6.05 | 207 | 6.7 | USHANT | N87:00E | 13 | N39:19E | 16.00 | -18 | SW | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181858 | ||
| 1755-04-25T12:00 | 48.23 | -5.45 | 207 | 19.0 | USHANT | N47:43E | 7 | N59:45E | 28.00 | -18 | SW | FRESH GALES | SOME RAIN | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181859 | |
| 1755-04-26T12:00 | 48.33 | -5.37 | 207 | 6.7 | USHANT | N52:00E | 8 | N56:0E | 4.00 | -18 | SW | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181860 | ||
| 1755-04-27T12:00 | 48.41 | -5.66 | 128 | 6.7 | USHANT | ENE1/2E | 8 | -18 | SSW-SEBS | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181861 | ||||
| 1755-04-28T12:00 | 48.48 | -5.95 | 297 | 19.0 | USHANT | N87:50E | 9 | N59:0W | 12.00 | -18 | NW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | LATTER SHOWERS OF RAIN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181862 | |
| 1755-04-29T12:00 | 48.68 | -6.04 | 308 | 19.0 | USHANT | S75:34E | 14 | N14:0W | 12.00 | -18 | WNW-NWBN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER FRESH GALES | LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181863 | ||
| 1755-04-30T12:00 | 47.83 | -6.82 | 185 | 19.0 | USHANT | N60:15E | 27 | S32:07W | 60.00 | -18 | NNW-SSW | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 181864 |