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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Olivier Van Noord cruise from Shanghai to Batavia started at 1851-09-20 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750989, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 6.230426 * Median Longitude: 108.601489 * South-bound Latitude: -4.880000 * West-bound Longitude: 104.820000 * North-bound Latitude: 28.270000 * East-bound Longitude: 122.100000
Date/Time Start: 1851-09-20T04:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1851-11-05T05:00:00
Event(s):
Olivier_Van_Noord_18510920_C_REIS_6_P91-105 * Latitude Start: 30.930000 * Longitude Start: 122.880000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1851-09-20T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1851-11-05T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Olivier Van Noord, Voyage: Shanghai - Batavia, 1st Observer: Kievyt (Kapitein), Other ship information: REIS 06, P. 91-106
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
2 LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
3 LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
4 Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5 Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6 Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7 Temperature, airTTT°C
8 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
9 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
12 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
14 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15 Current speed descriptionV descr
16 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
17 Present weatherwwWeather description
18 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
19 Cloud typeCloud type
20 ClearnessClearness
21 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
22 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
23 FogFog1 If fog was reported
24 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
25 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
26 HailHail1 If hail was reported
27 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
28 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
975 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Date/Time		2 
Latitude		3 
Longitude		4 
dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)		5 
ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)		6 
PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)		7 
TTT [°C]		8 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)		9 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)		10 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)		11 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)		12 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)		13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)		14 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)		15 
V descr		16 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)		17 
ww
(Weather description)		18 
Precip descr		19 
Cloud type		20 
Clearness		21 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)		22 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)		23 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)		24 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)		25 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)		26 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)		27 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)		28 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1851-09-20T04:0028.27122.1030326.81016.023.9VM8-11075.0030.00NWTW10DIKKE LUCHT, DONKERE LUCHT, BUIJIGE LUCHT1000000180655
1851-09-21T04:0025.45120.132.61015.323.3VM80274.0029.982ONGESTADIG WEERREGENACHTIG0100000180656
1851-09-22T04:0023.02117.6513535.01013.326.1VM801279.0029.92ZO12ONGESTADIG WEERZWAAR WEER, DIK WEER, BUIJIG WEER1000000180657
1851-09-23T04:0021.15115.2713612.31006.527.2VM81681.0029.72ZO6ONGESTADIG WEERREGENACHTIG0100000180658
1851-09-24T04:0019.80114.501.01013.627.8VM81182.0029.931GOED WEER, MISTIGDONKERE LUCHT0010000180659
1851-09-25T04:0018.62113.7314.61016.727.8VM81382.0030.02N3SCHOON WEER0000000180660
1851-09-26T04:0016.32113.5831619.01014.627.8VM81882.0029.96NW8GOED WEERDONKERE LUCHT, OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000180661
1851-09-27T05:0013.68111.8519.01009.227.8VM82882.0029.808ZWARE LUCHT, OPWERKENDE LUCHT0000000180662
1851-09-28T05:0013.10110.5822719.01003.528.3VM82883.0029.63ZW8DONKER WEER, BUIJIG WEER1000000180663
1851-09-29T05:0012.65111.476.71011.930.0VM82486.0029.884BEZETTE OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDER LUCHT0000000180664
1851-09-30T05:0012.67110.386.71013.329.4VM82485.0029.924REGENACHTIG WEERBUIJIG WEER1100000180665
1851-10-01T05:0011.33110.1519.01012.628.3VM82883.0029.908ONSTUIMIG WEERBUIJIG WEER1000000180666
1851-10-02T05:0010.97109.9520526.81004.827.8VM821082.0029.67ZZW10ONSTUIMIG WEERBUIJIG WEER1000000180667
1851-10-03T05:0010.05109.2720526.81004.827.8VM821082.0029.67ZZW10ZWARE BUIEN VAN WINDZWARE BUIEN VAN REGEN1100000180668
1851-10-04T05:0010.18110.002051.01017.030.0VM82186.0030.03ZZW1OPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000180669
1851-10-05T05:009.85109.356.71017.728.3VM82483.0030.054MOOI WEER, WEERLICHTSOMS LICHTE REGENBUIEN1100100180670
1851-10-06T05:008.55107.904.61015.027.2VM82381.0029.973ZEER MOOI WEER, WEERLICHTLICHTE REGENBUIEN1100000180671
1851-10-07T05:007.28106.932.61015.028.3VM82283.0029.972REGENACHTIG WEERBUIJIG WEER1100000180672
1851-10-08T05:006.62106.702.61015.629.4VM82285.0029.992AANHOUDENDE REGEN0100000180673
1851-10-09T05:005.35106.4729519.01015.626.7VM82880.0029.99WNW8GOED WEERDONKERE LUCHT, BETROKKEN LUCHT0000000180674
1851-10-10T05:004.82106.202276.71014.326.7VM82480.0029.95ZW4ONGESTADIG WEERDONKER WEER, BUIJIG WEER1000000180675
1851-10-11T05:004.83105.753174.61015.328.3VM82383.0029.98NW3ONGESTADIG WEER EN WEERLICHTSOMS REGENBUIJIG WEER1100100180676
1851-10-12T05:004.42105.272.61016.028.3VM82283.0030.002GOED WEER0000000180677
1851-10-13T05:003.67105.072384.61016.329.4VM82385.0030.01ZWTW3GOED WEER0000000180678
1851-10-14T05:003.25104.821604.61016.029.4VM82385.0030.00ZZO3MOOI WEER0000000180679
1851-10-15T05:002.72105.336.71015.329.4VM82485.0029.984GOED WEER0000000180680
1851-10-16T05:002.60105.272.61018.030.0VM82286.0030.062MOOI WEER, VEEL DONDER EN WEERLICHT0000000180681
1851-10-17T05:002.33105.881.01017.730.0VM82186.0030.051REGENACHTIGBUIJIG WEER1100000180682
1851-10-18T05:002.00105.522956.71018.728.3VM82483.0030.08WNW4REGENACHTIGDONKER WEER0100000180683
1851-10-19T05:001.60105.481.01016.726.7VM82180.0030.02ZWAAR1REGENACHTIGDONKER WEER0100000180684
1851-10-20T05:001.13106.05819.31015.327.8VM82582.0029.98OTN5GOED WEER0000000180685
1851-10-21T05:000.75105.981374.61016.030.0VM82386.0030.00ZO3GOED WEERLICHTE REGENBUIEN1100000180686
1851-10-22T05:000.52106.532052.61015.028.9VM82284.0029.97ZZW2HELDER WEER0000000180687
1851-10-23T05:000.08106.121932.61015.028.9VM82284.0029.97ZTW2MOOI WEER0000000180688
1851-10-24T05:00-0.30106.451.01016.028.9VM82184.0030.001GOED WEER0000000180689
1851-10-25T05:00-0.18106.421.01016.028.9VM82184.0030.001MOOI WEER, WEERLICHT RONDOM0000100180690
1851-10-26T05:00-0.97106.50701.01016.728.3VM82183.0030.02ONO1GOED WEER0000000180691
1851-10-27T05:00-1.03106.481371.01018.430.0VM82186.0030.07ZO1GOED WEER0000000180692
1851-10-28T05:00-1.03106.531.01018.430.6VM82187.0030.071MOOI WEER0000000180693
1851-10-29T05:00-1.25106.821822.61017.729.4VM82285.0030.05Z2GOED WEER0000000180694
1851-10-30T05:00-2.12106.782.61016.730.0VM82286.0030.022GOED WEER0000000180695
1851-10-31T05:00-2.18107.331262.61015.327.8VM82282.0029.98ZOTO2GOED WEER0000000180696
1851-11-01T05:00-2.23107.171602.61015.028.3VM82283.0029.97ZZO2VEEL DONDER, WEERLICHTREGENBUIJIG WEER1100000180697
1851-11-02T05:00-2.75106.972264.61015.628.3VM81383.0029.99ZW3REGENACHTIGBUIJIG WEER1100000180698
1851-11-03T05:00-3.60106.951364.61014.627.8VM81382.0029.96ZO3ZEER AANGENAAM WEER MET DONDER, WEERLICHT EREGEN1100100180699
1851-11-04T05:00-4.28106.271.01014.626.7VM81180.0029.961MOOI WEER0000000180700
1851-11-05T05:00-4.88106.37242.61011.930.6VM81287.0029.88NNO2ONGESTADIG WEERREGENACHTIG WEERBUIJIG WEER1100000180701