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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during NEWCASTLE cruise from St. Helens to Spithead started at 1756-03-13 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750904, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 47.001774 * Median Longitude: -7.032581 * South-bound Latitude: 43.330000 * West-bound Longitude: -11.450000 * North-bound Latitude: 48.680000 * East-bound Longitude: -5.020000
Date/Time Start: 1756-03-13T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1756-05-21T12:00:00
Event(s):
Newcastle_17560313_NMM_ADM/L/N101 * Latitude Start: 53.550000 * Longitude Start: -3.360000 * Latitude End: 50.680000 * Longitude End: -0.960000 * Date/Time Start: 1756-03-13T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1756-05-21T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Newcastle, Voyage: St Helens Road Uk - Spithead, 1st Observer: John Lloyd (Captain), 2nd Observer: Lt Thomas Whitton (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 50G 1052BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Present weatherwwWeather description
15 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
16 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 CommentComment
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1297 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
14 
ww
(Weather description)
15 
Precip descr
16 
State sea descr
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
19 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
20 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
21 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
22 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
23 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
24 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
25 
Comment
26 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1756-03-13T00:0015.4THE STARTNE1/2E4WBNMODERATE GALESFAIR0000000175818
1756-03-14T12:0048.68-6.7810619.0THE STARTNE1/2E49S54W146.00-18SEBEFRESH GALES0000000175819
1756-03-15T13:0046.73-9.007315.4THE STARTNE97S38W140.00-17ESE, EBN, EMODERATE GALESSWELL FROM THE SECLOUDY0000000175820
1756-03-16T13:0044.80-10.5821919.0CAPE FINISTRESE1/2E36S28W130.00-17SE, SWBWFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY0000000175821
1756-03-17T13:0044.42-11.351186.7THE STARTNE1/2N150S56W41.00-17SW, SEMODERATEFAIR0000000175822
1756-03-18T13:0043.50-11.453211.0THE STARTNE1/4N169S4W54.00-17N, NNWLIGHT AIRSCLEAR0000000175823
1756-03-19T13:0043.33-11.3523119.0THE LANDESE9E1/2S118.00-17WBN, WSWFRESH GALESSMALL CLOUDS0000000175824
1756-03-20T13:0044.28-9.6528722.6CAPE ORTUGALLSSE8-17NW, NWBWSTRONG GALES AND SQUALLY0000000175825
1756-03-21T13:0045.57-7.623216.7CAPE ORTUGALLS1/2W31N4E91.00-17NEBN, N, NNWMODERATEFAIR0000000175826
1756-03-22T12:0045.93-7.1230915.4CAPE ORTUGALLS39N3W94.00-18SBW, NWBW, NWBNMODERATE GALES AND SQUALLY0000000175827
1756-03-23T12:0046.45-7.4720822.6CAPE ORTUGALLS1/4W55N11E32.00-18NW, N, SWSTRONG GALESRAIN0100000175828
1756-03-24T13:0046.65-8.0033219.0CAPE ORTUGALLS1/4E55N58W26.00-17SW, NBWFRESH GALESFAIR0000000175829
1756-03-25T13:0046.87-8.593216.734N50W20.00-17EBN, SSE, NNWMODERATEFAIR0000000175830
1756-03-26T13:0045.63-8.24332CAPE ORTUGALLS1/2E34S11E75.00-17EBS, N, NBWFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERAT, LATTER SQUALLYLATTER RAINFIRST AND MIDDLE FAIR0100000175831
1756-03-27T13:0044.57-8.842762.6CAPE ORTUGALLSE16S22:30W70.00-17N-WNWFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER LITTLE WINDLATTER A SWELL FROM THE NEFIRST AND MIDDLE FAIR0000000175832
1756-03-28T00:003152.6THE ISLAND OF CASSONGASSE9N-NWLITTLE WINDCLOUDY0000000175833
1756-03-29T00:001.0CAPE PRIOREBS8LIGHT AIRSCLEAR0000000175834
1756-03-30T00:001.0CAPE ORTUGALLSEBS9LIGHT AIRSFAIR0000000175835
1756-03-31T00:003156.7CAPE ORTUGALLSSE1/4E10WSW-NWMODERATEFAIR0000000175836
1756-04-01T00:00451.0CAPE ORTUGALLNEBE1/2E10SBW, ENE, NELIGHT AIRSFAIR0000000175837
1756-04-02T00:001132.6CAPE ORTUGALLNEBE-ESELITTLE WINDHAZY0000000175838
1756-04-03T00:009019.0CAPE PRIORE8ENE-EFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALESFIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY0000000175839
1756-04-04T13:0048.43-9.327119.0CAPE ORTUGALLSE3/4E38N42W112.00-19EBS, EFRESH GALESSMALL RAINHAZY0100000175840
1756-04-05T13:0045.77-10.9366.7CAPE ORTUGALLSE1/2E44N19W22.00-17NEBN, NNEMODERATEFAIR0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation175841
1756-04-06T13:0046.52-9.572536.7CAPE ORTUGALLSE1/2S37S20E16.00-17N-WMODERATECLOUDY0000000175842
1756-04-07T13:0045.83-9.60516.7CAPE ORTUGALLNW3/4N43N15W20.00-17NE, ENEMODERATECLOUDY0000000175843
1756-04-08T12:0046.28-7.43332CAPE ORTUGALLSBE46N57E66.00-18NEBN, N, NBWMODERATE, 4AM SQUALLY4AM RAINCLOUDY0100000175844
1756-04-09T12:0046.75-7.1035419.0CAPE ORTUGALLSBW1/4W66N67E66.00-18NNW, N, NBEFRESH GALESHAZY0000000175845
1756-04-10T12:0047.12-6.583212.6CAPE ORTUGALLSBW3/4W66N37E32.00-18NBE, NNWLITTLE WINDHAZY0000000175846
1756-04-11T12:0046.52-6.232986.7CAPE ORTUGALLSSW/4W54S21E40.00-18NBW, NWMODERATEHAZY0000000175847
1756-04-12T12:0045.28-6.083326.7CAPE ORTUGALLSW36S35E73.00-18SWBW, WSW, NBWMODERATECLOUDY0000000175848
1756-04-13T12:0045.67-5.1227622.6CAPE ORTUGALLSW1/4W51N56E47.00-18NWBW, NW, WNWSTRONG GALES AND SQUALLYRAIN0100000175849
1756-04-14T12:0046.43-5.572081.0CAPE ORTUGALLSWBS58N22W50.00-18WNW, SWLIGHT AIRSFAIR0000000175850
1756-04-15T12:0047.83-5.9811715.4CAPE ORTUGALLSSW80N11W86.00-18ESE, EBN, SEMODERATE GALESFAIR0000000175851
1756-04-16T12:0048.50-6.05519.0CAPE ORTUGALLSWBW3/4W92N3W41.00-18SE, NE, NNEFRESH GALESCLOUDY0000000175852
1756-04-17T12:0047.78-6.3027519.0CAPE ORTUGALLSBW1/2W75S11W44.00-18WNWFRESH GALESCLOUDY0000000175853
1756-04-18T12:0048.28-5.082976.7CAPE ORTUGALLSSW1/4W93N58E58.00-18NWBN, NWMODERATEFAIR0000000175854
1756-04-19T12:0047.80-5.401406.7CAPE ORTUGALLSSW1/2W80S25W31.00-18NW, NNE, SSEMODERATEFAIR0000000175855
1756-04-20T12:0047.10-6.1366.7CAPE ORTUGALLSSW65S35W52.00-18SSE, SBE, NNEMODERATERAIN0100000175856
1756-04-21T12:0045.75-6.33286.7CAPE ORTUGALLSWBS40S5W82.00-18NNE, NEMODERATEFAIR0000000175857
1756-04-22T12:0046.03-6.70736.7CAPE ORTUGALLSSW43N42W23.00-18ESE, EMODERATECLOUDY0000000175858
1756-04-23T12:0046.75-6.98286.7CAPE ORTUGALLSBW1/2W56N15W45.00-18NW-NEMODERATEFAIR0000000175859
1756-04-24T12:0047.47-5.2862.6CAPE ORTUGALLSSW1/2W79NE3/4E89.00-18NE-NNELITTLE WINDCLOUDY0000000175860
1756-04-25T12:0048.22-5.023202.6CAPE ORTUGALLSSW1/2W92N11E37.00-18NBW, NNWLITTLE WINDFAIR0000000175861
1756-04-26T12:0048.35-5.6334219.0CAPE ORTUGALLSBW1/4W95N59W30.00-18SBE, SW, NFRESH GALESRAINHAZY0100000175862
1756-04-27T12:0048.18-6.1511719.0CAPE ORTUGALLSBW1/4W89S25E20.00-18NBE-SEFRESH GALESRAINHAZY0100000175863
1756-04-28T12:0048.58-5.351176.7CAPE ORTUGALLSBW1/2W96N11E25.00-18NNE, SEBS, SEMODERATEFAIR0000000175864
1756-04-29T12:0047.75-5.37506.7USHANTNBE1/2E12S14W47.00-18SE, ESE, ENEMODERATEHAZY0000000175865
1756-04-30T12:0047.93-6.5232022.6USHANTNEBE1/4E23WBN1/4N48.00-18NE, ENE, NNWSTRONG GALESCLOUDY0000000175866
1756-05-01T12:0047.73-7.3232019.0USHANTNEBE1/2E34WSW1/4W31.00-18ENE-NNWFRESH GALESHAZY0000000175867
1756-05-02T13:0047.72-7.833076.7USHANTENE40W1/4S21.00-19E, ENE, NWBNMODERATEFAIR0000000175868
1756-05-03T12:0047.55-6.2252.6USHANTNE24E3/4S66.00-18NW, NNELITTLE WINDFAIR0000000175869
1756-05-04T12:0047.68-5.72275USHANTNN3/4E?18ENE22.00-18NBE, NNW, WNWFIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER SQUALLYMIDDLE AND LATTER RAINFIRST PART FAIR0100000175870
1756-05-05T12:0048.25-5.4719619.0USHANTNE1/2E8NBE1/2E36.00-18WNW, NW, SWBSFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY0000000175871
1756-05-06T12:0048.48-5.4218519.0USHANTE1/2N5NBE1/2E13.00-18SW, SSWFRESH GALES AND SQUALLYRAIN0100000175872
1756-05-07T12:0048.28-5.2320719.0USHANTENE5SEBE16.00-18SWBW, SWTHE FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLYLATTER RAINFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS HAZY0100000175873
1756-05-08T12:0048.65-5.7219619.0USHANTESE1/4E9NWBN28.00-18SWBSFRESH GALESHAZY0000000175874
1756-05-09T12:0048.63-6.1326319.0USHANTEBS14W1/2S18.00-18SW, WBNFRESH GALESHAZY0000000175875
1756-05-10T12:0048.10-6.052416.7USHANTNEBE1/4E15S1/2E32.00-18SW, WBSMODERATEFAIR0000000175876
1756-05-11T12:0047.57-6.483316.7USHANTNE26SSW1/2W37.00-18N, NBWMODERATECLOUDY0000000175877
1756-05-12T12:0046.55-6.531866.7USHANTNEBE3/4E43S1/4W61.00-18NNW, SSWMODERATEFAIR0000000175878
1756-05-13T12:0045.30-6.9229819.0USHANTNEBE1/2E60SWBW37.00-18SWBW, NWFRESH GALESCLEAR0000000175879
1756-05-14T12:0045.50-7.172196.7USHANTNNE69SWBW40.00-18SWBWMODERATEFAIR0000000175880
1756-05-15T12:0047.72-7.2833619.0USHANTNEBE33N1/2W148.00-18N1/2WFESH GALESCLEAR0000000175881
1756-05-16T12:0048.52-7.053536.7USHANTE26NBE49.00-18NBEMODERATEFAIR0000000175882
1756-05-17T12:0048.60-6.67839.3USHANTE1/2E22ENE1/4E16.00-18ESE, EBSFRESH BREEZESHAZY0000000175883
1756-05-18T12:0048.48-6.07726.7USHANTE1/4S14ESE1/2E26.00-18ESE, EMODERATEFAIR0000000175884
1756-05-19T12:0048.17-5.509519.0USHANTNE1/2E9SE1/2E30.00-18EBN, E, ESEFRESH GALESHAZY0000000175885
1756-05-20T12:0048.37-5.501402.6USHANTNEBE3/4E7N12.00-18SSELITTLE WINDHAZY0000000175886
1756-05-21T12:0047.95-5.901511.0USHANTNE16SWBS30.00-18ESE, SBELIGHT AIRSHAZY0000000175887