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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Neerlands Koning cruise from Rotterdam to Batavia started at 1845-04-23 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750894, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -9.165185 * Median Longitude: 15.881944 * South-bound Latitude: -39.420000 * West-bound Longitude: -31.450000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.100000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1845-04-23T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1845-08-12T05:00:00
Event(s):
Neerlands_Koning_18450423_B_REIS_10 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1845-04-23T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1845-08-12T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Neerlands Koning, Voyage: Rotterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: C. Schoewert (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
15 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
16 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
17 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
18 Present weatherwwWeather description
19 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
20 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
21 Cloud typeCloud type
22 ClearnessClearness
23 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
24 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
25 FogFog1 If fog was reported
26 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
27 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
28 HailHail1 If hail was reported
29 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
30 CommentComment
31 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2092 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
15 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
16 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
17 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
18 
ww
(Weather description)
19 
Precip descr
20 
State sea descr
21 
Cloud type
22 
Clearness
23 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
24 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
25 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
26 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
27 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
28 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
29 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
30 
Comment
31 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1845-04-23T12:0051.101.281351.01014.61VM8-23129.96ZZO1V040000000174219
1845-04-24T12:0050.400.101351.01009.916.11-23161.0029.82ZZO1V060000000174220
1845-04-25T12:0050.38-0.8820219.01014.315.01-23859.0029.95ZW8W210100000174221
1845-04-26T12:0050.25-1.932029.3999.115.01-23559.0029.50ZW3-5V010000000174222
1845-04-27T12:0050.12-2.9820022.61005.115.01-25959.0029.68ZW9Z020000000174223
1845-04-28T12:0049.83-4.801784.61001.815.01-25359.0029.58ZZW3V040000000174224
1845-04-29T12:0049.55-5.081894.61014.6-25329.96ZWTZ3W21V050100000174225
1845-04-30T12:0049.62-6.8320019.01012.6-25829.90ZW6-8V010000000174226
1845-05-01T12:0049.42-6.822239.31015.6-25529.99WZW8-5H000000000174227
1845-05-02T12:0048.35-7.152904.61018.7-25330.08NW3H000000000174228
1845-05-03T13:0046.08-9.202914.61026.1-24330.30NW3H000000000174229
1845-05-04T13:0043.78-11.873364.61027.8-24330.35N3V040000000174230
1845-05-05T13:0041.37-13.63214.61026.1-24330.30NO3V040000000174231
1845-05-06T13:0038.88-16.07216.71024.517.8-24464.0030.25NO4V04H000000000174232
1845-05-07T13:0036.28-18.4214.61019.418.3-22365.0030.10NNO3V040000000174233
1845-05-08T13:0033.88-20.553382.61027.818.9-22266.0030.35N2H000000000174234
1845-05-09T13:0031.55-21.65479.3995.718.9-21566.0029.40ONO5W001000000174235
1845-05-10T14:0028.58-23.23582.61026.118.9-21266.0030.30OTN2V010000000174236
1845-05-11T14:0025.65-23.73712.61023.418.9-19266.0030.22O2H000000000174237
1845-05-12T14:0023.65-24.40712.61025.518.9-19266.0030.28O2H000000000174238
1845-05-13T14:0021.33-24.88721.01025.523.9-18175.0030.28O1H000000000174239
1845-05-14T14:0018.33-25.43504.61025.523.9-18375.0030.28ONO3H010000000174240
1845-05-15T14:0016.42-24.62736.71022.123.9-17475.0030.18O4H010000000174241
1845-05-16T14:0014.08-24.82284.61022.123.9-17375.0030.18NO3V040000000174242
1845-05-17T14:0011.62-23.43292.61019.423.9-16275.0030.10NO2H000000000174243
1845-05-18T13:009.88-22.07611.01019.425.0-18177.0030.10OTN1V040000000174244
1845-05-19T13:007.97-20.633622.61019.425.0-18277.0030.10VARIABEL2V040000000174245
1845-05-20T13:007.23-20.652532.61019.425.0-17277.0030.10W2W21V040100000174246
1845-05-21T13:006.98-20.250.01016.030.0-17086.0030.000H000000000174247
1845-05-22T13:006.68-19.630.01016.030.0-17086.0030.000V040000000174248
1845-05-23T13:006.05-18.733622.61016.030.0-17286.0030.00RONDLOPEND2V130000000174249
1845-05-24T13:005.45-18.102536.71016.030.0-17486.0030.00W2-4W40W210100100174250
1845-05-25T13:004.82-17.821182.61021.130.0-17286.0030.15ZO2V040000000174251
1845-05-26T13:005.25-17.122064.61017.730.0-19386.0030.05ZW3V050000000174252
1845-05-27T13:004.55-17.871414.61016.028.3-17383.0030.00ZZO3V010000000174253
1845-05-28T13:003.65-18.681414.61019.430.0-17386.0030.10ZZO3V050000000174254
1845-05-29T13:003.03-19.531414.61019.430.6-17387.0030.10ZZO3V010000000174255
1845-05-30T13:002.47-20.301071.01019.429.4-17185.0030.10ZOTO1H010000000174256
1845-05-31T13:001.43-22.321184.61019.428.3-17383.0030.10ZO3H000000000174257
1845-06-01T14:000.05-23.821214.61019.427.8-14382.0030.10ZO3V010000000174258
1845-06-02T14:00-2.02-25.231104.61019.427.8-14382.0030.10ZOTO3V010000000174259
1845-06-03T14:00-4.53-25.921322.61019.428.3-14283.0030.10ZOTZ5-2W00W211100000174260
1845-06-04T14:00-6.97-26.781106.71019.427.2-14481.0030.10ZOTO4V010000000174261
1845-06-05T14:00-9.95-28.601254.61029.528.3-10383.0030.40ZO3V040000000174262
1845-06-06T14:00-12.85-30.051254.61022.827.2-10381.0030.20ZO3H000000000174263
1845-06-07T14:00-15.60-30.831032.61022.828.3-10283.0030.20OZO2H000000000174264
1845-06-08T14:00-18.28-31.451042.61021.128.3-9283.0030.15OZO2H000000000174265
1845-06-09T14:00-21.12-30.40591.01024.528.3-9183.0030.25ONO1H000000000174266
1845-06-10T14:00-23.58-29.07151.01024.525.0-8177.0030.25NNO1H000000000174267
1845-06-11T14:00-24.93-28.27601.01022.825.0-8177.0030.20ONO1V010000000174268
1845-06-12T14:00-25.17-27.72374.61024.525.6-8378.0030.25NO3V050000000174269
1845-06-13T14:00-26.58-26.681581.01024.524.4-11176.0030.25ZTO1V010000000174270
1845-06-14T14:00-27.75-24.73582.61024.525.0-10277.0030.25ONO2W21V050100000174271
1845-06-15T14:00-28.72-23.803051.01021.124.4-10176.0030.15NW3-1V04H000000000174272
1845-06-16T13:00-28.92-21.62322.61021.124.4-13276.0030.15NO2V130000000174273
1845-06-17T13:00-29.63-20.731224.61021.124.4-13376.0030.15ZO3V04H000000000174274
1845-06-18T13:00-31.13-19.781902.61022.824.4-13276.0030.20ZZW2V050000000174275
1845-06-19T13:00-32.22-19.233024.61025.519.4-13367.0030.28NW3H000000000174276
1845-06-20T13:00-33.02-17.133236.71022.821.1-15470.0030.20NNW4H000000000174277
1845-06-21T13:00-34.23-14.6730019.01022.821.1-15870.0030.20NW8V040000000174278
1845-06-22T13:00-35.17-10.153426.71011.618.9-18466.0029.87N4W20V130100000174279
1845-06-23T12:00-36.28-6.822494.61005.818.9-21366.0029.70W1-3W001000000174280
1845-06-24T12:00-36.07-4.8320419.01004.119.4-21867.0029.65ZW8V010000000174281
1845-06-25T12:00-36.25-0.5827019.01010.919.4-23867.0029.85WNW8V060000000174282
1845-06-26T12:00-37.453.0320019.01009.219.4-25867.0029.80ZW8V030000000174283
1845-06-27T12:00-36.623.973136.71016.016.1-25461.0030.00NNW4Z00, Z020000000a trivial correction was made in this observation174284
1845-06-28T12:00-37.255.902452.61022.815.6-25260.0030.20W2V030000000174285
1845-06-29T11:00-38.209.751986.71022.115.6-27460.0030.18ZW4Z010000000174286
1845-06-30T11:00-39.1512.783104.61025.815.6-28360.0030.29NNW3W021000000174287
1845-07-01T11:00-38.9316.722426.71019.415.6-28460.0030.10W4W001000000174288
1845-07-02T11:00-39.1219.2215019.01014.315.6-30860.0029.95Z8V040000000174289
1845-07-03T10:00-38.7523.031504.61019.415.6-30360.0030.10Z1-3V04H000000000174290
1845-07-04T10:00-37.6226.102742.61022.815.6-30260.0030.20NWTW2H000000000174291
1845-07-05T10:00-38.2028.821944.61022.815.6-31360.0030.20ZW3W00W211100000174292
1845-07-06T10:00-38.8031.831941.01021.115.6-31160.0030.15ZW1V010000000174293
1845-07-07T10:00-38.0034.5013812.31029.516.1-31661.0030.40ZTO6V040000000174294
1845-07-08T10:00-38.8836.9313815.41028.916.7-31762.0030.38ZTO7V050000000174295
1845-07-09T09:00-38.2343.7314026.81031.216.7-291062.0030.45ZTO10V010000000174296
1845-07-10T09:00-38.0847.681759.31026.116.7-28562.0030.30ZZW5V130000000174297
1845-07-11T09:00-38.4751.702421.01023.418.3-28165.0030.22W1V01H000000000174298
1845-07-12T09:00-37.7552.471971.01022.818.3-28165.0030.20ZW1H000000000174299
1845-07-13T08:00-38.2353.283110.01019.418.3-27065.0030.10NNW3-0V040000000174300
1845-07-14T08:00-38.7556.572882.61032.918.3-27265.0030.50NW2V04H000000000174301
1845-07-15T08:00-39.1260.9028912.31032.218.3-26665.0030.48NW6V010000000174302
1845-07-16T08:00-39.4265.072906.71024.518.3-25465.0030.25NW4H000000000174303
1845-07-17T07:00-39.2869.3229130.91032.918.3-241165.0030.50NW11W02W211100000174304
1845-07-18T07:00-39.1272.152696.71034.618.3-24465.0030.55WNW4W011000000174305
1845-07-19T07:00-38.4576.6618030.91043.118.3-231165.0030.80ZZW11W021000000174306
1845-07-20T07:00-38.3778.172044.61014.318.3-21365.0029.95ZW3V010000000174307
1845-07-21T07:00-37.0381.301864.61026.118.3-17365.0030.30ZZW3W20V050100000174308
1845-07-22T06:00-36.6084.851544.61022.818.3-15365.0030.20ZTO3V100000000174309
1845-07-23T06:00-36.0388.802672.61022.818.3-14265.0030.20WTN2V040000000174310
1845-07-24T06:00-34.9092.4820012.31021.118.3-14665.0030.15ZWTZ6V010000000174311
1845-07-25T06:00-33.3892.961904.61022.818.3-13365.0030.20ZZW3V040000000174312
1845-07-26T06:00-32.0297.492154.61025.518.3-10365.0030.28ZW3V010000000174313
1845-07-27T05:00-31.0299.832852.61024.518.3-8265.0030.25WNW2W21V040100000174314
1845-07-28T05:00-29.07102.602411.01022.118.3-7165.0030.18WZW1V050000000174315
1845-07-29T05:00-27.60104.202182.61022.818.3-7265.0030.20ZW2W00W211100000174316
1845-07-30T05:00-25.72105.79854.61022.118.3-5365.0030.18O3V010000000174317
1845-07-31T05:00-23.02105.76630.01022.118.3-5065.0030.18ONO1-0V000000000174318
1845-08-01T05:00-21.00105.50872.61025.5-3230.28O2V010000000174319
1845-08-02T05:00-20.28105.38872.61022.8-3230.20O2V000000000174320
1845-08-03T05:00-17.62105.33872.61022.8-3230.20O2H000000000174321
1845-08-04T05:00-15.85105.39774.61022.8-2330.20OTN3H000000000174322
1845-08-05T05:00-11.98104.99904.61016.00330.00O3H000000000174323
1845-08-06T05:00-8.67104.271136.71016.00430.00OZO4V000000000174324
1845-08-07T05:00-6.73104.801362.61016.01230.00ZO2H000000000174325
1845-08-08T00:001012.6IN STRAAT SUNDA2OTZ2H000000000174326
1845-08-09T00:00901.01O1H000000000174327
1845-08-10T00:00901.01O1H000000000174328
1845-08-11T00:002701.01W1H000000000174329
1845-08-12T05:00-6.10106.86110000000174330