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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Neerlands Koning cruise from Rotterdam to Batavia started at 1835-12-01 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750892, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -14.006633 * Median Longitude: 24.577041 * South-bound Latitude: -39.620000 * West-bound Longitude: -29.400000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.780000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1835-12-01T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-03-07T05:00:00
Event(s):
Neerlands_Koning_18351201_L_REIS_1 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1835-12-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-03-07T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Neerlands Koning, Voyage: Rotterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: M.Schaap (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
10 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
11 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
12 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
13 Present weatherwwWeather description
14 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
15 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
16 Cloud typeCloud type
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1654 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

PPPP [hPa]

-

Decl [deg]

Wind scale ref [#]
10 
Reading [arbitrary units]
11 
Wind dir descr
12 
Wind force descr
13 
ww
14 
Precip descr
15 
State sea descr
16 
Cloud type
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
19 
Rain
20 
Fog
21 
Snow
22 
Thunder
23 
Hail
24 
Sea ice
25 
ID
1835-12-01T13:0049.78-8.3024312.3962.6-2762806.00ZW, W2-6V010000000174674
1835-12-02T13:0047.83-8.2831112.3963.7-2762809.00NNW8-6V100000000174675
1835-12-03T13:0047.33-8.472902.6995.9-2522903.00NW2H000000000174676
1835-12-04T13:0045.30-11.8316619.0997.3-2582907.00ZTW8V060000000174677
1835-12-05T13:0044.92-13.982679.3996.2-2652904.00WNW5H000000000174678
1835-12-06T13:0044.15-14.2535712.3996.9-2662906.00NNO6W00W201100000174679
1835-12-07T13:0041.32-15.18229.3996.2-2352904.00NO5V04H000000000174680
1835-12-08T13:0038.32-16.883609.3997.3-2352907.00NNO5V01H000000000174681
1835-12-09T13:0035.88-18.22469.3997.3-2252907.00ONO5H000000000174682
1835-12-10T13:0033.20-19.3319.3997.3-2252907.00NNO5H000000000174683
1835-12-11T13:0031.05-19.0539.3997.3-2052907.00NNO5V010000000174684
1835-12-12T13:0028.75-20.57934.6997.3-2032907.00OZO3H000000000174685
1835-12-13T13:0026.97-21.1341.0-191NNO2-0-10000000174686
1835-12-14T13:0025.77-21.332409.3997.6-1952908.00WTZ0-5V100000000174687
1835-12-15T13:0024.48-21.6029615.4996.6-1972905.00NW7V070000000174688
1835-12-16T14:0021.17-23.003912.3-176NOTO6H000000000174689
1835-12-17T14:0018.98-24.937312.3996.9-1762906.00O7-60000000174690
1835-12-18T14:0015.50-25.026312.3996.6-1662905.00OTN6V040000000174691
1835-12-19T14:0012.33-24.237512.3997.3-1562907.00O6V010000000174692
1835-12-20T14:009.57-22.856412.3996.2-1562904.00OTN6W30W200100100174693
1835-12-21T13:006.57-21.2210812.3997.3-1662907.00ZOTO6W40V10, V010000100174694
1835-12-22T13:004.40-20.930.0996.9-162906.00STILW34W21V010100100174695
1835-12-23T13:003.65-20.77524.6997.3-1632907.00ONOSTILW00W211100000174696
1835-12-24T13:002.77-19.131429.3996.9-1652906.00ZZO3-5V010000000174697
1835-12-25T13:001.30-20.551196.7996.6-1642905.00ZO4V000000000174698
1835-12-26T14:00-0.38-22.781119.3996.9-1352906.00ZOTO5H000000000174699
1835-12-27T14:00-2.88-24.001112.6997.3-1322907.00ZOTO5-4-2H000000000174700
1835-12-28T14:00-5.48-24.951119.3996.9-1352906.00ZOTO5V040000000174701
1835-12-29T14:00-7.77-26.0011212.3997.3-1262907.00ZOTO6H000000000174702
1835-12-30T14:00-10.53-26.4211212.3-126ZOTO6V04H010000000174703
1835-12-31T14:00-13.63-27.481029.3997.3-1152907.00OZO5V010000000174704
1836-01-01T14:00-15.78-27.201016.7997.3-1242907.00OZO4V00H000000000174705
1836-01-02T14:00-17.85-26.83794.6996.6-1132905.00O3W00W201100000174706
1836-01-03T14:00-19.67-26.80796.7996.9-1142906.00O4V040000000174707
1836-01-04T14:00-21.10-29.40489.3997.3-852907.00NOTO3-5W001000000174708
1836-01-05T14:00-22.40-28.483306.7997.3-842907.00NNW4V000000000174709
1836-01-06T14:00-23.42-27.9236212.3997.3-662907.00VARIABEL6W00W201100000174710
1836-01-07T14:00-24.70-26.652949.3997.3-1052907.00NWTW5V040000000174711
1836-01-08T14:00-25.53-26.632046.7996.2-1042904.00NW, ZWTZ6-4W00W20V04H001100000174712
1836-01-09T14:00-28.47-24.852170.0996.9-82906.00O, NW, N, ZWSTILV130000000174713
1836-01-10T14:00-28.92-24.971270.0996.6-82905.00ZOSTILH000000000174714
1836-01-11T14:00-29.27-23.57714.6996.9-832906.00OTN3V00H000000000174715
1836-01-12T14:00-30.75-22.72719.3996.9-852906.00OTN4-5H000000000174716
1836-01-13T13:00-32.37-22.032212.3996.6-1262905.00NOTN6V010000000174717
1836-01-14T13:00-34.00-19.00115.4995.9-1072903.00NTO7W20V050100000174718
1836-01-15T13:00-34.70-14.671012.3995.9-1362903.00NNO6W20V04H000100000174719
1836-01-16T13:00-35.07-10.67362996.9-162906.00VARIABELH000000000174720
1836-01-17T13:00-35.20-8.83299.3997.3-1652907.00OTN, NO5H010000000174721
1836-01-18T12:00-36.48-7.23412.3996.6-1962905.00NNO6V060000000174722
1836-01-19T12:00-37.28-3.1513915.4996.2-1972904.00ZZO7V03, V000000000174723
1836-01-20T12:00-36.930.4518112.3996.6-2262905.00ZZW6V050000000174724
1836-01-21T12:00-36.625.3325712.3996.2-2462904.00WTN6V030000000174725
1836-01-22T11:00-36.539.1724415.4996.6-2672905.00W7V04H000000000174726
1836-01-23T11:00-36.6313.9017515.4996.2-2872904.00ZZW7W20V100100000174727
1836-01-24T11:00-36.8718.2818515.4996.2-2972904.00ZWTZ7V030000000174728
1836-01-25T11:00-37.3322.133209.3996.6-2952905.00NTW5V010000000174729
1836-01-26T10:00-37.0725.5325215.4996.6-2972905.00WTN6-7V140000000174730
1836-01-27T10:00-37.6027.4016115.4995.9-3072903.00ZTW7V100000000174731
1836-01-28T10:00-38.0533.301390.0996.2-3102904.00ZTO5-0H000000000174732
1836-01-29T10:00-37.4336.7754.6996.9-2932906.00NOTN1-3V010000000174733
1836-01-30T09:00-38.1338.9335319.0996.9-3082906.00NNO8Z01V110000000174734
1836-01-31T09:00-38.8843.2219612.3995.9-2962903.00ZW6H000000000174735
1836-02-01T09:00-39.2747.5821915.4995.9-2972903.00WZW7W00W201100000174736
1836-02-02T09:00-39.4052.2821912.3995.9-2962903.00WZW6H010000000174737
1836-02-03T08:00-39.6256.5216412.3996.2-2762904.00ZTW6H000000000174738
1836-02-04T08:00-39.6060.9313212.3996.6-2662905.00ZZO6V040000000174739
1836-02-05T08:00-39.6065.072459.3997.3-2552907.00W5H000000000174740
1836-02-06T07:00-39.3068.7323512.3996.6-2462905.00WTZ6W20V100100000174741
1836-02-07T07:00-38.8772.421346.7996.2-2442904.00ZZO4H000000000174742
1836-02-08T07:00-38.3275.22222.6996.9-2322906.00NO2V010000000174743
1836-02-09T07:00-38.2277.6526.7996.9-2142906.00NNO4V030000000174744
1836-02-10T07:00-38.6879.98246.7997.3-2142907.00NO2-4H000000000174745
1836-02-11T07:00-38.6780.6029.3-215NNO5H000000000174746
1836-02-12T06:00-38.7883.583409.3996.6-2052905.00N5H000000000174747
1836-02-13T06:00-38.3086.583404.6996.9-2032906.00N3H000000000174748
1836-02-14T06:00-37.3088.550.0997.6-142908.00STILH000000000174749
1836-02-15T06:00-37.3589.883122.6996.9-1422906.00NWTN2V05H000000000174750
1836-02-16T06:00-36.2890.183572.6996.6-1422905.00NTO2-0-2V05H000000000174751
1836-02-17T06:00-35.8891.373019.3996.9-1452906.00NW5H000000000174752
1836-02-18T06:00-34.1293.273022.6996.6-1322905.00NW3-2H000000000174753
1836-02-19T06:00-32.8593.930.0997.3-132907.00STILV060000000174754
1836-02-20T06:00-32.7293.5729112.3997.3-1362907.00NWTW4-6V010000000174755
1836-02-21T06:00-31.4395.4712615.4996.9-972906.00ZTW, ZO6-7V010000000174756
1836-02-22T06:00-28.9896.43596.7996.6-942905.00ONO6-4W001000000174757
1836-02-23T06:00-26.4796.63509.3996.9-652906.00NOTO5H000000000174758
1836-02-24T06:00-24.3596.23849.3996.6-652905.00O5V040000000174759
1836-02-25T06:00-21.2796.989712.3996.2-462904.00OTZ5-6H000000000174760
1836-02-26T05:00-18.2798.5731119.0996.2-482904.00NW10-8W30V030000100174761
1836-02-27T05:00-16.80100.004312.3995.6-262902.00NO6V030000000174762
1836-02-28T05:00-15.9399.65362995.9-22903.00VARIABELV000000000174763
1836-02-29T05:00-14.4599.481116.7996.2-242904.00OZO4V030000000174764
1836-03-01T05:00-12.68100.383620.0996.2-22904.00VARIABELSTILW00W201100000174765
1836-03-02T05:00-11.15101.08362996.202904.00VARIABELW00W201100000174766
1836-03-03T05:00-9.20101.233602.6996.2022904.00WZW, N3-2W20V03H000100000174767
1836-03-04T05:00-8.60102.1731512.3996.2062904.00NW6V030000000174768
1836-03-05T05:00-6.98104.17126.7996.2142904.00NTO3-4H010000000174769
1836-03-06T05:00-6.45105.183621VARIABELH000000000174770
1836-03-07T05:00-6.10106.86110000000174771