García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during NAUTILUS cruise from Plymouth to Cape Henry started at 1762-12-14 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750872, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 32.811087 * Median Longitude: -42.217826 * South-bound Latitude: 23.280000 * West-bound Longitude: -75.420000 * North-bound Latitude: 47.780000 * East-bound Longitude: -7.770000
Date/Time Start: 1762-12-14T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1763-01-28T17:00:00
Event(s):
Nautilus_17621214_NMM_ADM/L/N51 * Latitude Start: 50.299000 * Longitude Start: -4.150000 * Latitude End: 37.350000 * Longitude End: -74.930000 * Date/Time Start: 1762-12-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1763-01-28T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Nautilus (Sloop), Voyage: Plymouth - Cape Henry, 1st Observer: Peter Forbes (Captain), 2nd Observer: John Alexander (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 16G 316BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
874 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1762-12-14T13:00 | 47.78 | -7.77 | 81 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N39E | 54 | S39W | 163.00 | -20 | EBS | FRESH BREEZES | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173451 | |||
| 1762-12-15T13:00 | 45.43 | -9.87 | 94 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N34E | 111 | SSW3/4W | 168.00 | -19 | SE, SEBE, ESE | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173452 | |||
| 1762-12-16T13:00 | 42.93 | -11.95 | 139 | 22.6 | LIZARD | N33E | 169 | SSW3/4W | 175.00 | -19 | SE, SSE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER STRONG GALES | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173453 | |||
| 1762-12-17T13:00 | 42.92 | -12.42 | 362 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N35E | 174 | WBS1/2S | 21.00 | -19 | VARIABLE | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173454 | ||
| 1762-12-18T13:00 | 41.68 | -14.05 | 118 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N37E | 207 | S41W | 98.00 | -17 | S, SEBS, SE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS VARIABLE AND SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE | LARGE SWELL FROM SE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173455 | |||
| 1762-12-19T13:00 | 41.50 | -14.00 | 362 | LIZARD | N25E | 218 | S1/4E | 39.00 | -17 | VARIABLE | FIRST PART LIGHT | LATTER LARGE SWELL FROM S | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173456 | |||
| 1762-12-20T13:00 | 40.13 | -13.07 | 219 | LIZARD | N29E | 226 | SE1/2S | 67.00 | -17 | NE, N, SWBW | FIRST AND MIDDLE LIGHT AIRS, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER RAIN | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLEAR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173457 | |||
| 1762-12-21T13:00 | 39.00 | -13.97 | 141 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N30E | 252 | S34W | 78.00 | -17 | SSW, S, SSE | FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY | MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN | FIRST PART CLEAR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173458 | ||
| 1762-12-22T13:00 | 37.00 | -14.72 | 299 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N27E | 291 | SBW1/2W | 124.00 | -16 | SSE, E, NW | FRESH BREEZES | FIRST PART THICK | MIDDLE AND LATTER CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173459 | ||
| 1762-12-23T13:00 | 33.63 | -15.08 | 299 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N24E | 360 | S5W | 216.00 | -16 | NNW, NW | FRESH BREEZES | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173460 | |||
| 1762-12-24T13:00 | 31.95 | -16.20 | 188 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N25E | 397 | S34W | 105.00 | -15 | NWBW, W, SSW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173461 | |||
| 1762-12-25T13:00 | 30.80 | -18.60 | 55 | 6.7 | MADERIA | NNE1/2E | 34 | SWBW1/2W | 106.00 | -13 | SBW, E, ENE | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE HARD SQUALLS, LATTER MODERATE | MIDDLE HEAVY RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173462 | ||
| 1762-12-26T13:00 | 28.80 | -19.20 | 32 | 6.7 | MADERIA | NN3/4E! | 82 | S34W | 142.00 | -13 | ESE, NE | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173463 | |||
| 1762-12-27T13:00 | 27.45 | -20.55 | 33 | 2.6 | MADERIA | N33E | 116 | SW1/2W | 107.00 | -12 | NE | FIRST AND LATTER LIGHT BREEZES, MIDDLE SQUALLY | MIDDLE RAIN | FIRST AND LATTER CLEAR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173464 | ||
| 1762-12-28T13:00 | 26.60 | -22.02 | 56 | 2.6 | MADERIA | N38E | 146 | SWBW1/4W | 95.00 | -12 | NBW, NNE, ENE | LIGHT BREEZES | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173465 | |||
| 1762-12-29T14:00 | 25.88 | -23.20 | 35 | 1.0 | MADERIA | N41E | 170 | SWBW1/2W | 78.00 | -10 | ENE, EBS, S, NE | LIGHT AIRS | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173466 | |||
| 1762-12-30T14:00 | 24.83 | -25.17 | 362 | 9.3 | MADERIA | N44E | 209 | SWBW1/4W | 120.00 | -10 | VARIABLE | FRESH BREEZES INTERMIXED WITH SQUALLS | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173467 | |||
| 1762-12-31T14:00 | 24.25 | -27.95 | 352 | MADERIA | NE1/2E | 253 | S77W | 155.00 | -8 | EBN, NNE, N | FIRST AND MIDDLE FRESH BREEZES, LATTER SQUALLY | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173468 | ||||
| 1763-01-01T14:00 | 23.93 | -31.65 | 71 | 2.6 | MADEIRA | N57E | 311 | W1/2S | 202.00 | -8 | NNE, NEBE, EBN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER LIGHT BREEZES | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173469 | |||
| 1763-01-02T14:00 | 23.60 | -35.10 | 17 | 9.3 | MADEIRA | NEBE1/2E | 367 | W1/2S | 190.00 | -6 | ENE, NNE | FRESH BREEZES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173470 | ||||
| 1763-01-03T15:00 | 23.28 | -38.57 | 356 | 9.3 | MADEIRA | N65E | 423 | W1/2S | 192.00 | -4 | ENE, NBE, N | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE SQUALLY | FIRST AND LATTER CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173471 | |||
| 1763-01-04T15:00 | 23.80 | -41.67 | 7 | MADEIRA | N69E | 470 | N80W | 174.00 | -4 | NNE, N, NBE | VARIABLE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173472 | |||||
| 1763-01-05T15:00 | 23.72 | -45.27 | 42 | 9.3 | MADEIRA | NE1/2E | 522 | WBN1/2N | 195.00 | -3 | N, NBE, NE | FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173473 | ||||
| 1763-01-06T15:00 | 25.47 | -48.12 | 88 | 1.0 | MADEIRA | EBN1/4N | 564 | WBN1/2N | 161.00 | -2 | NE, ENE, E | FRESH BREEZES, LATTER PART LIGHT AIRS | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173474 | |||
| 1763-01-07T15:00 | 25.75 | -49.02 | 361 | MADEIRA | N77E | 576 | WBN3/4N | 52.00 | -2 | EBN, EBS, CALM | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LIGHT AIRS | LATTER THICK | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS CLEAR, LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173475 | |||
| 1763-01-08T15:00 | 26.18 | -51.42 | 362 | 9.3 | MADEIRA | EBN | 615 | WBN1/4N | 133.00 | -2 | VARIABLE | FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH BREEZES | MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN | FIRST PART CLEAR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173476 | ||
| 1763-01-09T16:00 | 27.00 | -53.78 | 45 | 9.3 | MADEIRA | N81E | 653 | WBN3/4N | 135.00 | 0 | NE, NBE, NNE, NE | FRESH BREEZES | LIGHTNING FROM NW | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 173477 | |||
| 1763-01-10T16:00 | 28.00 | -55.77 | 211 | 9.3 | MADEIRA | N88E | 673 | N61W | 121.00 | -3 | ESE, S, SWBS | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE MODERATE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173478 | ||||
| 1763-01-11T16:00 | 29.10 | -58.20 | 336 | MADEIRA | E1/4N | 709 | NWBW1/2W | 146.00 | -2 | SW, SWBW, NNW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY | FIRST AND MIDDLE RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173479 | ||||
| 1763-01-12T16:00 | 29.72 | -60.20 | 9 | 1.0 | MADEIRA | N86E | 745 | WBN1/2N | 117.00 | -2 | NW, N, NBE | FIRST AND LATTER PART LIGHT AIRS, MIDDLE SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173480 | ||||
| 1763-01-13T16:00 | 30.53 | -61.65 | 362 | 2.6 | MADEIRA | E1/4N | 763 | NW3/4W | 84.00 | -2 | VARIABLE | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT BREEZES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173481 | ||||
| 1763-01-14T16:00 | 32.00 | -63.58 | 180 | 27.4 | MADEIRA | N70E | 797 | N46W | 138.00 | 0 | SSW, SW, S | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER VERY HARD GALES | MIDDLE AND LATTER THICK | MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173482 | ||
| 1763-01-15T16:00 | 32.92 | -62.65 | 30 | 0.6 | MADEIRA | N85E | 777 | N44E | 68.00 | -4 | WNW, NBW, NEBN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173483 | |||
| 1763-01-16T16:00 | 33.57 | -63.42 | 199 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | S88E | 782 | N45W | 54.00 | -4 | CALM, WSW, SSW | FIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE LIGHT BREEZES WITH SQUALLS, LATTER MODERATE | GREAT SWELL FROM NW | LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173484 | ||
| 1763-01-17T16:00 | 35.55 | -65.73 | 221 | 22.6 | MADEIRA | S85E | 817 | N44W | 164.00 | -4 | WSW, SSW, SW | MOST PART STRONG GALES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173485 | ||||
| 1763-01-18T16:00 | 35.83 | -65.37 | 322 | 26.8 | MADEIRA | S85E | 810 | N36E | 31.00 | -4 | NNW, WBN, NWBW | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE SQUALLY, LATTER HARD GALES | MIDDLE RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173486 | |||
| 1763-01-19T16:00 | 36.32 | -65.62 | 255 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | E1/2S | 811 | NNW | 32.00 | -4 | SWBW, WNW, WBS | FIRST PART HARD GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | LIGHTNING FROM SE | FIRST PART RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 173487 | ||
| 1763-01-20T16:00 | 36.65 | -65.55 | 232 | 27.4 | MADEIRA | S84E | 808 | N3/4E | 21.00 | -4 | WSW, SW, W, SWBW | FIRST PART SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER VERY HARD GALES | LIGHTNING SW | FIRST PART RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 173488 | ||
| 1763-01-21T16:00 | 36.38 | -65.83 | 210 | MADEIRA | S84E | 811 | SW1/2S | 21.00 | -4 | WSW, NWBW, W, SWBS | FIRST PART STRONG GALES, MIDDLE PART MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173489 | ||||
| 1763-01-22T16:00 | 36.75 | -65.92 | 277 | 22.6 | MADEIRA | S84E | 816 | N10W | 32.00 | -4 | SW, SWBW, WBN | MOST PART STRONG GALES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173490 | ||||
| 1763-01-23T16:00 | 35.85 | -67.05 | 334 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | S85E | 838 | S45W | 77.00 | -4 | W, NWBN, NNW | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173491 | |||
| 1763-01-24T17:00 | 36.00 | -68.90 | 32 | 1.0 | MADEIRA | S85E | 867 | N81W | 91.00 | -2 | N, NBE, NEBN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH BREEZES, LATTER LIGHT AIRS | LATTER SMALL DRIZZLING RAIN | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173492 | ||
| 1763-01-25T17:00 | 37.55 | -70.80 | 230 | 22.6 | MADEIRA | S83E | 892 | N40W | 126.00 | -6 | NE, ENE, SEBE, SWBW | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER STRONG GALES | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173493 | |||
| 1763-01-26T17:00 | 37.83 | -72.05 | 362 | MADEIRA | S83E | 911 | N54W | 73.00 | -6 | VARIABLE | FIRST PART STRONG BREEZES WITH HARD SQUALLS | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173494 | ||||
| 1763-01-27T17:00 | 36.82 | -73.92 | 337 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | S84E | 947 | SWBW | 108.00 | -1 | NW, NWBN, NNW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173495 | |||
| 1763-01-28T17:00 | 36.65 | -75.42 | 44 | 22.6 | MADEIRA | E1/2S | 971 | S82W | 72.00 | -1 | NBW, N, NE | FRESH BREEZES, NOON STRONG GALES | NOON THICK | NOON RAIN | CLEAR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 173496 |