Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 41.260000 * Median Longitude: -68.490000 * South-bound Latitude: 40.200000 * West-bound Longitude: -71.620000 * North-bound Latitude: 42.850000 * East-bound Longitude: -65.570000

Date/Time Start: 1821-05-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1821-05-23T00:00:00

Event(s):

Mersey_18210519_PRO_ADM/51/3265 * Date/Time Start: 1821-05-19T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1821-05-23T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Mersey, Voyage: Staten Island - Halifax, 1st Observer: Edward Collier (Captain), Company: Royal Navy

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
7	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
8	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
9	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
11	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
15	Clearness	Clearness
16	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
17	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
18	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
19	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
20	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
21	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
22	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
23	Comment	Comment
24	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

90 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	9 - (1 If position is considered t...)	10 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	11 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	14 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	15 Clearness	23 Comment	24 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1821-05-19T00:00			259	9.3	SANDY HOOK	WBN	3	1				WNW, NW, WBS	AM FRESH BREEZES, PM MODERATE	FINE		168447
1821-05-20T17:00	40.20	-71.62	218		NANTUCKET	N69E	87		S84E	117.00	-7	WNW, NBE, W, SW	PM MODERATE	PM FINE	a trivial correction was made in this observation	168448
1821-05-21T17:00	40.73	-68.28	297	6.7	SAMBRO LIGHT HOUSE	N43E	312		N81E	140.00	-7	S, SW, VARIABLE, NWBW	MODERATE	FINE		168449
1821-05-22T16:00	42.85	-65.57	362	9.3	SAMBRO	N41E	135		N43E	160.00	-15	VARIABLE	AM FRESH BREEZES	AM CLOUDY		168450
1821-05-23T00:00			360	2.6	SAMBRO	WBS	8					VARIABLE, N	AM LIGHT BREEZES, PM FRESH BREEZES	CLOUDY		168451