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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during MERCURIUS cruise from West Afrika to Rammekens started at 1755-09-08 [dataset]. Rijksarchief Zeeland, Middelburg, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750724, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 31.698732 * Median Longitude: -22.362535 * South-bound Latitude: -1.570000 * West-bound Longitude: -35.200000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.000000 * East-bound Longitude: -3.800000
Date/Time Start: 1755-09-08T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1755-11-17T12:00:00
Event(s):
Mercurius_17550908_MCC_20_752 * Latitude Start: 4.580000 * Longitude Start: 2.070000 * Latitude End: 51.430000 * Longitude End: 3.490000 * Date/Time Start: 1755-09-08T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1755-11-17T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Mercurius (Fregat), Voyage: West Afrika - Rammekens, 1st Observer: Hendrik Landleven (Kapitein), Company: MCC, Other ship information: BEMAND MET 29 KOPPEN, GEMONTEERT MET TWAALF GOTELINGEN, WAARVAN 6 TWEE PONDERS EN 6 EENPONDERS HIJN 4 STAARTSTUKKEN EN 4 DONDERBUSSEN.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Image number/nameImage no/nameIdentification Number of the original image
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
10 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
11 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
12 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
13 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
14 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
15 CommentCommentAny remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc.
16 CommentCommentAny remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about any biological item
17 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
18 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
19 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
20 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
21 Present weatherwwWeather description
22 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
23 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
24 Cloud typeCloud type
25 ClearnessClearness
26 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
27 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
28 FogFog1 If fog was reported
29 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
30 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
31 HailHail1 If hail was reported
32 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
33 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1363 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Image no/name
(Identification Number of the ...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
10 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
11 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
12 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
13 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
14 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
15 
Comment
(Any remark, found in the logb...)
16 
Comment
(Any remark, found in the logb...)
17 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
18 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
19 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
20 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
21 
ww
(Weather description)
22 
Precip descr
23 
State sea descr
24 
Cloud type
25 
Clearness
26 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
27 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
28 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
29 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
30 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
31 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
32 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
33 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1755-09-08T13:00-1.57-14.971264.0MCC_20_752_0046VM8WTN3/8W29.00-9ZOSLAPPE GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167290
1755-09-09T13:00-1.25-16.571264.6MCC_20_752_0046VM8WTN24.50-9ZOGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167291
1755-09-10T13:00-1.03-18.201074.0MCC_20_752_0046VM8WTN1/3W24.75-6ZO-OZOSLAPPE - GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167292
1755-09-11T13:000.38-19.001524.0MCC_20_752_0046VM8NW1/2W15.50-6ZZOSLAPPE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167293
1755-09-12T13:000.28-19.701294.0MCC_20_752_0046VM8NW15.00-6ZOSLAPPE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167294
1755-09-13T13:001.42-21.331524.0MCC_20_752_0046VM8NW24.00-6ZZOSLAPPE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167295
1755-09-14T13:002.67-22.081514.6MCC_20_752_0047VM8NW26.50-7ZZOGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167296
1755-09-15T14:004.10-23.521534.6MCC_20_752_0047VM8NW30.50-5ZZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167297
1755-09-16T14:005.57-24.981534.6MCC_20_752_0047VM8NW31.00-5ZZOGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167298
1755-09-17T14:006.67-26.081534.6MCC_20_752_0047VM8NW23.50-5ZZOGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167299
1755-09-18T14:008.22-27.122084.6MCC_20_752_0047VM8NWTN28.00-6ZW-ZWTZGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167300
1755-09-19T14:009.32-27.852451.0MCC_20_752_0047VM8NWTN20.00-3ZW-WZWVARIABELREGEN0100000167301
1755-09-20T14:0010.35-28.532229.3MCC_20_752_0047VM8NWTN18.50-3WZW-ZWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTETRAVATIG WEER BUIEN VAN WINDREGEN0100000167302
1755-09-21T14:0011.50-28.852674.6MCC_20_752_0047VM8NTW3/8W18.00-3WBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERKLARE LUCHT0000000167303
1755-09-22T14:0011.78-29.080.0MCC_20_752_0048VM8NWTN7/8W5.25-3DOODSTILGOED WEER0000000167304
1755-09-23T14:0012.08-29.482019.0MCC_20_752_0048VM8NW2/3W7.50-3N-NNODUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE-ONDERZEILSKOELTEZWARE BUIEN EN REGEN1100000167305
1755-09-24T14:0013.27-30.521424.0MCC_20_752_0048VM8NW3/8N23.50-4ZO-ZOTZBRAMZEILSKOELTE-SLAPPE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERKLAAR WEER0000000167306
1755-09-25T14:0013.30-31.37196.7MCC_20_752_0048VM8WTN5.50-4N-NNOSLAPPE-STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEKLAAR WEER0000000167307
1755-09-26T14:0013.70-31.83416.7MCC_20_752_0048VM8WNW15.00-4NNO-NOMARSZEILSKOELTEKLARE LUCHT0000000167308
1755-09-27T14:0014.45-32.58362MCC_20_752_0048VM8NW16.00-3VARIABELBUIENREGENVLAGEN0100000167309
1755-09-28T14:0015.78-33.38534.6MCC_20_752_0048VM8NWTN1/3N23.25-3NO-NOTOBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167310
1755-09-29T14:0017.45-34.08654.6MCC_20_752_0048VM8NNW26.50-3ONOGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167311
1755-09-30T14:0018.87-34.38754.6MCC_20_752_0049VM8NTW22.00-4OTNBRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEER0000000167312
1755-10-01T14:0020.47-34.68976.7MCC_20_752_0049VM8NTW1/8N24.50-4OTZSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167313
1755-10-02T14:0021.92-35.00646.7MCC_20_752_0049VM8NTW22.50-4O-ONOMARSZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167314
1755-10-03T14:0023.32-35.00746.7MCC_20_752_0049VM8N21.00-5OTNMARSZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167315
1755-10-04T14:0025.20-35.00856.7MCC_20_752_0049VM8N28.25-5OMARSZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167316
1755-10-05T14:0026.77-35.00746.7MCC_20_752_0049VM8N23.00-5O-OTNBRAMZEILSKOELTE-MARSZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167317
1755-10-06T14:0028.13-35.001514.6MCC_20_752_0049VM8N19.50-7OZO-ZZOLS BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167318
1755-10-07T14:0029.60-35.002184.6MCC_20_752_0049VM8N22.00-7Z-ZWLABBER BRAMZEILSKOELTEREGENBETROKKEN LUCHT0100000167319
1755-10-08T14:0031.12-34.633319.3MCC_20_752_0050VM8NTO24.00-7NW-NNWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE WEER1000000167320
1755-10-09T14:0032.17-34.232189.3MCC_20_752_0050VM8NNO3/8N16.50-7ZWBRAMZEILSKOELTE-GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEVARIABEL WEER BUIENZWARE ZEE UIT NW1000000167321
1755-10-10T14:0033.28-34.57819.3MCC_20_752_0050VM8NTW1/4W17.25-9OMARSZEILSKOELTE-GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEKLAAR WEER0000000167322
1755-10-11T14:0035.02-34.97929.3MCC_20_752_0050VM8NTW25.50-9O-OTZGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167323
1755-10-12T14:0036.72-35.201264.6MCC_20_752_0050VM8NW1/2W25.50-9OZO-ZOGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000167324
1755-10-13T14:0038.55-34.721464.6MCC_20_752_0050VM8NTO1/8O28.00-12ZZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHT1000000167325
1755-10-14T14:0039.97-33.731464.6MCC_20_752_0050VM8NNO1/2O24.00-12ZZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHT1000000167326
1755-10-15T14:0041.48-32.502134.0MCC_20_752_0051VM8NOTN1/6N26.75-12ZWSLAPPE BRAMZEILSKOELTEKLAAR WEER0000000167327
1755-10-16T14:0042.90-30.871194.6MCC_20_752_0051VM8NO3/8N28.00-16ZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000167328
1755-10-17T14:0044.48-28.723626.7MCC_20_752_0051VM8NO33.00-16VARIABELMARSZEILSKOELTEREGENBETROKKEN LUCHT0100000167329
1755-10-18T14:0045.28-27.0527726.8MCC_20_752_0051VM8NOTO25.50-16WNWSTORMVARIABELHOGE ZEE0000000167330
1755-10-19T14:0046.00-25.382.0MCC_20_752_0051VM8NOTO18.00-16AFNEMENDE KOELTEVARIABEL0000000167331
1755-10-20T14:0046.18-24.682992.0MCC_20_752_0051VM8OTN10.00-16NNW-NWAFNEMENDE KOELTE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEREDELIJK WEER0000000167332
1755-10-21T14:0047.20-22.622326.7MCC_20_752_0051VM8NO30.00-16WZWBRAMZEILSKOELTE-MARSZEILSKOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000167333
1755-10-22T13:0048.32-20.432516.7MCC_20_752_0052VM8ONO1/3N24.50-19WZW-WMARSZEILSKOELTEMISTIG WEER0010000167334
1755-10-23T13:0048.95-20.432294.6MCC_20_752_0052VM8N9.50-19WZWGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEZWARE MIST0010000167335
1755-10-24T13:0049.35-18.3825112.3MCC_20_752_0052VM8OTN20.50-19Z-WONDERZEILSKOELTE-DUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEHOGE ZEE0000000167336
1755-10-25T13:0049.20-16.623622.6MCC_20_752_0052VM8O1/2Z17.50-19VARIABELLABBER STILBUIENREGEN0100000167337
1755-10-26T13:0049.08-14.7549.3MCC_20_752_0052VM8O1/2Z18.50-19NNOGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIIG WEER1000000167338
1755-10-27T13:0048.97-14.72494.6MCC_20_752_0052VM8ZOTO2.50-19O-ONOGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000167339
1755-10-28T13:0049.02-15.11494.6MCC_20_752_0052VM8WTN1/2N2.25ZAGEN ENIGE LANDVOGELS-19ONOGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000167340
1755-10-29T13:0048.83-13.8529612.3MCC_20_752_0053VM8OTZ14.50-19NWDUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEVARIABEL DICK WEERREGEN0110000167341
1755-10-30T13:0049.43-12.3214019.0MCC_20_752_0053VM8NOTO1/2O19.00-18Z-ZZOONDERZEILSKOELTEZWARE BEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000167342
1755-10-31T13:0049.20-13.20719.3MCC_20_752_0053VM8ZTW3.50-19OGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEHARIGE LUCHT0000000167343
1755-11-01T13:0049.12-13.23716.7MCC_20_752_0053VM8-19OMARSZEILSKOELTEMISTIGE WEER0010000167344
1755-11-02T13:0049.03-13.26492.6MCC_20_752_0053VM8Z1/2O7.00-19O-ONOGEMENE KOELTEDIK MISTIG WEER0010000167345
1755-11-03T13:0048.90-11.8856.7MCC_20_752_0053VM8O2/3N15.25-18NNOMARSZEILSKOELTEKLAAR WEER0000000167346
1755-11-04T13:0048.77-11.650.0MCC_20_752_0054VM8ZOTO2/3O4.50-18DOOSTILBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000167347
1755-11-05T13:0049.28-10.342974.6MCC_20_752_0054VM8NOTO1/2O16.50-18W-NWGEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000167348
1755-11-06T13:0049.27-8.132974.0MCC_20_752_0054VM8O23.50-18NNW-NWSLAPPE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000167349
1755-11-07T13:0049.02-7.851404.0MCC_20_752_0054VM8ZOTO1/2O5.00-18ZO-ZZOSLAPPE BRAMZEILSKOELTEKLAAR WEER0000000167350
1755-11-08T12:0049.40-7.131409.3MCC_20_752_0054VM8NOTO1/2O10.50-18ZZOGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000167351
1755-11-09T13:0049.17-8.471409.3MCC_20_752_0055VM8WTZ1/2Z12.00-18ZZOGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEMISTBETROKKEN LUCHT0010000167352
1755-11-10T13:0049.17-9.0414012.3MCC_20_752_0055VM8W4.00-18Z-ZZOSTIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000167353
1755-11-11T13:0049.47-8.8315122.6MCC_20_752_0055VM8NO1/2N5.75-18ZTOSTIJVE ONDERZEILSKOELTEREGENBETROKKEN LUCHT0100000167354
1755-11-12T13:0049.38-8.221859.3MCC_20_752_0055VM8OTZ1/6O7.75-18Z-ZZWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEKLAAR WEER HARIGE LUCHT0000000167355
1755-11-13T12:0049.18-5.551626.7MCC_20_752_0055VM8OTZ1/6O18.25-18ZGEMENE MARSZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERHARIGE LUCHT0000000167356
1755-11-14T12:0049.38-6.1114019.0MCC_20_752_0055VM8O7.00-18ZZOONDERZEILSKOELTEHARIGE LUCHT0000000167357
1755-11-15T12:0049.37-5.911626.7MCC_20_752_0056VM8O1/4Z3.75-18ZMARSZEILSKOELTEZWARE MIST0010000167358
1755-11-16T12:0049.28-4.50207MCC_20_752_00561VM8O15.50LAGEN BIJ VOOR HET GEREEFFZEIJL EN BEZAAN-18ZWGEREEFD ZEILZWAAR WEER MET BUIENREGEN1100000167359
1755-11-17T12:0050.00-3.8027512.3MCC_20_752_0056GOUDSTAARTNNO31VM8WAREN 53 MIJL OOSTELIJKER ALS HET SCHIP-18WNWSTIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEZWARE BEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000167360