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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during MENTOR cruise from Nieuwediep to Batavia started at 1853-08-05 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750711, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -10.751400 * Median Longitude: 19.680300 * South-bound Latitude: -40.450000 * West-bound Longitude: -29.970000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.670000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1853-08-05T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1853-11-14T05:00:00
Event(s):
Mentor_18530805_O_REIS_13_P113-122 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1853-08-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1853-11-14T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Mentor, Voyage: Nieuwediep - Batavia, 1st Observer: D.A. Zijlstra (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
15 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
17 Current speed descriptionV descr
18 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
19 Present weatherwwWeather description
20 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
21 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
22 Cloud typeCloud type
23 ClearnessClearness
24 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
25 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
26 FogFog1 If fog was reported
27 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
28 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
29 HailHail1 If hail was reported
30 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
31 CommentComment
32 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2203 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
15 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
16 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
17 
V descr
18 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
19 
ww
(Weather description)
20 
Precip descr
21 
State sea descr
22 
Cloud type
23 
Clearness
24 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
25 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
26 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
27 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
28 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
29 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
30 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
31 
Comment
32 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1853-08-05T12:0051.672.273621.01015.622.21VM8-22172.0029.99OMLOPEND10000000165857
1853-08-06T00:003494.61019.024.41VM8376.0030.09NTW3V040000000165858
1853-08-07T12:0050.52-0.1812.61018.018.31VM8-22265.0030.06NTO, NNO2H100000000165859
1853-08-08T12:0050.40-1.621364.61018.023.31VM8-22374.0030.06ZTW, ZZO3V03H100000000165860
1853-08-09T12:0050.15-3.13899.31018.423.91VM8-24575.0030.07OTZ, OZO5V000000000165861
1853-08-10T12:0049.32-5.63669.31019.422.8VM8-24573.0030.10O5HEIIGE KIMMENV00H030000000165862
1853-08-11T13:0047.58-9.005312.31016.022.8VM8-26673.0030.00OTN6V040000000165863
1853-08-12T13:0045.00-11.751561.01008.222.8VM8-24173.0029.77RONDLOPEND, ZS00, NO1V030000000165864
1853-08-13T13:0043.28-13.072556.71008.524.4VM8-26476.0029.78W, WTN4W00V051000000165865
1853-08-14T13:0041.97-13.622356.71014.322.8VM8-24473.0029.95WTN, WTZ4W00V05, V041000000165866
1853-08-15T13:0040.32-12.722696.71014.624.4VM8-24476.0029.96WNW4V04, V00H03, H000000000165867
1853-08-16T13:0037.85-13.002912.61014.324.4VM8-24276.0029.95NW2V040000000165868
1853-08-17T13:0036.05-13.98572.61014.326.7VM8-22280.0029.95NOTO, OTN2V010000000165869
1853-08-18T13:0034.72-14.78232.61014.328.9VM8-22284.0029.95ONO, NO2V040000000165870
1853-08-19T13:0033.77-15.62464.61014.328.3VM8-22383.0029.95NOTO, ONO3V040000000165871
1853-08-20T13:0032.48-16.22136.71013.627.2VM8-21481.0029.93OMLOPEND, NO, NOTN4V040000000165872
1853-08-21T13:0030.83-17.522412.31014.026.1VM8-21679.0029.94NO6Z01V000000000165873
1853-08-22T13:0028.70-19.333512.31013.625.6VM8-21678.0029.93NOTO6V04, V000000000165874
1853-08-23T13:0025.83-21.35709.31013.326.7VM8-20580.0029.92O5V040000000165875
1853-08-24T14:0023.22-22.83489.31012.625.6VM8-20578.0029.90OTN, ONO5V040000000165876
1853-08-25T14:0020.53-24.35729.31012.626.1VM8-18579.0029.90O5HEIIGE KIMMENV02, V10, V03, V040000000165877
1853-08-26T14:0017.80-25.73386.71013.626.7VM8-18480.0029.93ONO, NOTO4V040000000165878
1853-08-27T14:0015.63-25.32282.61009.527.2VM8-17281.0029.81NOTN, NO2V04H010000000165879
1853-08-28T14:0013.53-25.023099.31010.228.3VM8-17583.0029.83NNW, NWTN2.55V03, V040000000165880
1853-08-29T14:0011.80-23.982199.31009.228.3VM8-17583.0029.80ZW, ZWTWONO55V040000000165881
1853-08-30T13:0010.57-22.2724112.31011.227.2VM8-18681.0029.86WTZZ6W00W20, W21Z01V131100000165882
1853-08-31T13:009.00-21.151859.31010.624.4VM8-18576.0029.84ZZWO75V04H000000000165883
1853-09-01T13:008.07-19.131962.61011.927.2VM8-18281.0029.88ZW, ZWTZ2V03, V00, V040000000165884
1853-09-02T13:007.13-17.402514.61012.627.2VM8-19381.0029.90WS01, Z, OTZ73V040000000165885
1853-09-03T13:005.42-17.021956.71012.627.8VM8-19482.0029.90OMLOPEND, ZWTZS00, Z4W00W20V10, V031100000165886
1853-09-04T13:004.25-16.1818412.31010.927.2VM8-19681.0029.85ZZW6V040000000165887
1853-09-05T13:003.95-16.631846.71011.226.7VM8-19480.0029.86ZZW4V04, V100000000165888
1853-09-06T13:003.48-17.281619.31012.626.7VM8-19580.0029.90Z5V010000000165889
1853-09-07T13:002.10-19.821409.31011.926.1VM8-18579.0029.88ZTO, ZZO5V04, V010000000165890
1853-09-08T13:000.23-22.271176.7VM8-184ZZO, ZO4V01, V00H000000000165891
1853-09-09T14:00-2.33-23.471209.31012.626.1VM8-15579.0029.90ZOTZ, ZO5V000000000165892
1853-09-10T14:00-4.85-25.081099.31012.627.2VM8-15581.0029.90ZOTO5V00H000000000165893
1853-09-11T14:00-7.88-25.881449.31013.627.2VM8-14581.0029.93ZZO5W00W20V04, V101100000165894
1853-09-12T14:00-10.38-26.901329.31012.626.1VM8-14579.0029.90ZOTZ5V00, V040000000165895
1853-09-13T14:00-12.85-28.351139.31012.625.6VM8-11578.0029.90ZOTO5V040000000165896
1853-09-14T14:00-15.33-29.231139.31014.325.6VM8-11578.0029.95ZZO, ZOTO5V10, V000000000165897
1853-09-15T14:00-17.87-29.97469.31016.025.6VM8-10578.0030.00O, NOTO5W00W20V00, V101100000165898
1853-09-16T14:00-20.55-29.553512.31014.325.0VM8-10677.0029.95NO6V04, V050000000165899
1853-09-17T14:00-23.32-27.50479.31012.625.0VM8-9577.0029.90ONO, NOTO5V03, V000000000165900
1853-09-18T14:00-25.08-25.754412.31012.622.8VM8-12673.0029.90OTN, NOTO6W40, HET GEHELE ETMAAL AANKOMEND WEERLICHT EN DONDER, MET EEN DIK BETROKKEN LUCHTW20V06, V050100100165901
1853-09-19T14:00-26.12-24.323315.41012.620.6VM8-12769.0029.90NONO7W00W20Z01V05, V101100000165902
1853-09-20T13:00-28.12-21.70915.41011.921.1VM8-14770.0029.88NOTN, NNO7W20V04, V10, V060100000165903
1853-09-21T13:00-29.80-19.782015.41010.919.4VM8-14767.0029.85NOTNO7W20Z01V050100000165904
1853-09-22T13:00-31.08-15.723912.31011.621.1VM8-17670.0029.87NOTO6V05, V040000000165905
1853-09-23T13:00-32.32-12.751079.31012.621.7VM8-17571.0029.90ZOTO5V05, V060000000165906
1853-09-24T13:00-33.78-11.187122.61017.720.0VM8-19968.0030.05OTZ, O9Z01V05, V100000000165907
1853-09-25T13:00-32.50-11.477022.61015.318.3VM8-20965.0029.98O9V06, V040000000165908
1853-09-26T13:00-33.93-11.372612.31017.721.1VM8-19670.0030.05NO6Z01V050000000165909
1853-09-27T13:00-34.92-9.872615.41017.720.0VM8-19768.0030.05NO7W20V05, V03, V00, V040100000165910
1853-09-28T12:00-35.98-6.602315.41016.719.4VM8-22767.0030.02NO7V040000000165911
1853-09-29T12:00-36.82-3.421215.41016.018.3VM8-22765.0030.00NOTN7V040000000165912
1853-09-30T12:00-37.58-0.2836012.31016.016.7VM8-23662.0030.00NNO6V040000000165913
1853-10-01T12:00-37.922.772786.71011.917.8VM8-26464.0029.88NWTW4V00H000000000165914
1853-10-02T12:00-37.675.6824415.41010.918.9VM8-26766.0029.85NWTW, W7W01V05, V101000000165915
1853-10-03T11:00-37.538.9323122.61005.817.8VM8-28964.0029.70W, WTZ9W00Z01V041000000165916
1853-10-04T11:00-37.2713.7032026.81007.516.7VM8-291062.0029.75NNW, NTW10Z02V050000000165917
1853-10-05T11:00-37.8218.1527426.8999.718.9VM8-301066.0029.52NW, NWTW10STORMWEER VERGEZELD VAN ZWARE BUIENREGENV031100000165918
1853-10-06T11:00-38.8021.4324019.0992.316.7VM8-30862.0029.30W8W20Z010100000165919
1853-10-07T10:00-38.2825.2527312.31007.515.6VM8-31660.0029.75NWTW6Z01H010000000165920
1853-10-08T10:00-38.2829.172626.71013.619.4VM8-31467.0029.93WNWS01, ZW4V05, V03, V040000000165921
1853-10-09T10:00-38.2232.301419.01017.721.7VM8-31871.0030.05ONO, NO8V05, V100000000165922
1853-10-10T10:00-38.9035.2035219.01009.918.3VM8-31865.0029.82NNO8V05H11, H100000000165923
1853-10-11T09:00-39.2238.822969.31008.519.4VM8-30567.0029.78NWTN5OVERDAG MISTVLAGENBETROKKEN LUCHT0010000165924
1853-10-12T09:00-39.6542.681749.31013.320.0VM8-29568.0029.92ZTW, ZZW5W20Z00V050100000165925
1853-10-13T09:00-39.5745.2210612.31017.716.7VM8-29662.0030.05ZZO, ZO6V050000000165926
1853-10-14T09:00-38.5748.282822.61021.114.4VM8-28958.0030.15ONO, NOTO9W20Z01V060100000165927
1853-10-15T09:00-38.8349.981715.41012.615.6VM8-28760.0029.90NO7REGENBETROKKEN LUCHT0100000165928
1853-10-16T08:00-40.0753.9813126.81000.716.7VM8-271062.0029.55ZOTZ, ZZO10STORMWEERZ010000000165929
1853-10-17T08:00-40.4554.6316412.31002.415.0VM8-27659.0029.60ZTW6Z01V04, V000000000165930
1853-10-18T08:00-39.9756.18186.71011.615.0VM8-27459.0029.87VARIABEL, NO4V040000000165931
1853-10-19T08:00-39.4858.7224419.01013.317.8VM8-26864.0029.92RONDLOPEND, W8W20V05, V06, V030100000165932
1853-10-20T08:00-39.9763.1821126.81002.417.8VM8-251064.0029.60WZW, ZWTW10STORMWEER0000000165933
1853-10-21T07:00-39.5267.6517915.41005.816.7VM8-24762.0029.70ZZW7V03, V04, V050000000165934
1853-10-22T07:00-38.2271.933026.71017.316.7VM8-24462.0030.04NW, NWTN4V04H000000000165935
1853-10-23T07:00-37.7774.422029.31016.016.1VM8-23561.0030.00ZWTW, ZW5V06, V03, V000000000165936
1853-10-24T07:00-37.5878.122269.31009.217.8VM8-22564.0029.80ZW, WZW5V05, V030000000165937
1853-10-25T07:00-37.0581.732769.31013.616.7VM8-17562.0029.93NWTW, WNW5V040000000165938
1853-10-26T06:00-36.3884.152204.61016.018.3VM8-16365.0030.00W, ZWTW3V04, V10, V00H000000000165939
1853-10-27T06:00-35.4286.823226.71019.418.9VM8-16466.0030.10NNW4V040000000165940
1853-10-28T06:00-34.5288.172554.61022.420.0VM8-15368.0030.19W3V05, V10, V030000000a trivial correction was made in this observation165941
1853-10-29T06:00-33.3289.983232.61020.421.1VM8-15270.0030.13NNW2V05, V030000000165942
1853-10-30T06:00-32.5291.82306.71019.420.6VM8-15469.0030.10NNO, NO4V03, V00H000000000165943
1853-10-31T06:00-32.3293.57136.71017.720.6VM8-10469.0030.05NNO4V010000000165944
1853-11-01T06:00-31.7894.601036.71016.021.1VM8-10470.0030.00O, OZO4V040000000165945
1853-11-02T06:00-31.2795.431039.31017.318.9VM8-10566.0030.04OTZ, OZO5W00V04, V031000000165946
1853-11-03T06:00-29.1096.531036.71017.320.0VM8-10468.0030.04ZOTO, OZO4V03, V000000000165947
1853-11-04T05:00-27.2597.75846.71016.020.0VM8-6468.0030.00O4V03, V040000000165948
1853-11-05T05:00-25.2098.47849.31016.020.6VM8-6569.0030.00O5V050000000165949
1853-11-06T05:00-22.7399.821079.31016.022.2VM8-6572.0030.00ZO, OZO5W00W20V041100000165950
1853-11-07T05:00-20.27101.051099.31012.622.8VM8-4573.0029.90O, OZO5V040000000165951
1853-11-08T05:00-18.23102.50869.31011.224.4VM8-4576.0029.86ZOTO, O5W00W20V05, V031100000165952
1853-11-09T05:00-15.80104.321129.31010.927.2VM8-1581.0029.85OTZ, OZO5V040000000165953
1853-11-10T05:00-13.23104.5710012.31010.927.2VM8-1681.0029.85OTZ6V00, V040000000165954
1853-11-11T05:00-9.83105.221249.31010.227.8VM80582.0029.83ZOTO5W45V06, V03, V050000100165955
1853-11-12T05:00-7.02105.073621.01009.229.4VM81185.0029.80OMLOPEND10000000165956
1853-11-13T00:001580.01012.630.6VM887.0029.90ZZOONGESTADIG, FLAUW, STILV040000000165957
1853-11-14T05:00-6.10106.861VM810000000165958