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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during MEERMIN cruise from Curaçao to Vlissingen started at 1849-09-04 [dataset]. Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, Den Haag, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750701, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 34.252059 * Median Longitude: -45.661176 * South-bound Latitude: 12.330000 * West-bound Longitude: -68.550000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.180000 * East-bound Longitude: 1.720000
Date/Time Start: 1849-09-24T17:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1849-10-28T00:00:00
Event(s):
Meermin_18490904_MAR_D23905_3061 * Latitude Start: 12.370000 * Longitude Start: -68.570000 * Latitude End: 49.030000 * Longitude End: -6.470000 * Date/Time Start: 1849-09-24T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1849-10-28T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Meermin (Brik), Voyage: Curaçao - Vlissingen, 1st Observer: I.A. Houtman (Kapitein), Company: MAR, Other ship information: BEWAPEND MET ZESTIEN STUKKEN A 30 POND (COUNNADES). TWEE STUKKEN A DERTIG POND (GRANAATKANONS). TWEE STUKKEN A 8 POND (KANONS). BEMAND MET 110 KOPPEN
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
12 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
13 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the second landmark
14 LandmarkLandmarkName of third landmark
15 BearingBearingBearing of the third landmark
16 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the third landmark
17 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
18 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
19 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
20 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
21 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
22 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
23 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
24 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
25 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
26 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
27 Current speed descriptionV descr
28 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
29 Present weatherwwWeather description
30 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
31 Cloud typeCloud type
32 ClearnessClearness
33 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
34 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
35 FogFog1 If fog was reported
36 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
37 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
38 HailHail1 If hail was reported
39 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
40 CommentComment
41 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
973 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
12 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
13 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the second landmark)
14 
Landmark
(Name of third landmark)
15 
Bearing
(Bearing of the third landmark)
16 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the third landmark)
17 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
18 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
19 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
20 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
21 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
22 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
23 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
24 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
25 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
26 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
27 
V descr
28 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
29 
ww
(Weather description)
30 
Precip descr
31 
Cloud type
32 
Clearness
33 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
34 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
35 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
36 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
37 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
38 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
39 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
40 
Comment
41 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1849-09-24T17:0012.33-68.55952.91022.728.3VUURTORENOTZBONAIRE, NW PUNTNOTO 3/4 OTAFELBERG OP CURAÇAOZWTWVM8583.00767.00OZO-OAANWAKKERENDE KOELTEMOOI WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000165132
1849-09-25T17:0014.58-68.121056.71022.728.3VM8NTO34.00483.00767.00OTZWZW 5/8 W4.25STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000165133
1849-09-26T16:0017.25-67.38934.61021.328.3MONA, O HOEK (GIS)NNW 1/2 W12VM8NTO 1/4 O41.25383.00766.00ONTW 1/4 W5.5BRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000165134
1849-09-27T16:0019.37-67.33912.61022.728.3GUIGOUS BANK (GIS)NNO W/Z O23VM8N 1/8 O32.00183.00767.00ONTW 1/8 W5ONGESTADIGE KOELTEWEINIG REGENBEWOLKTE LUCHT, OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0100000165135
1849-09-28T16:0021.92-67.35694.0MOURNADS BANK (GIS)NO 1/2 N50BERMUDA (GIS)NTO 1/8 O158VM8N W/Z W38.251O-ONONNW 1/4 W1.75AFNEMENDE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIÏGE LUCHT, BETROKKEN LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT1000000165136
1849-09-29T17:0024.15-67.55804.61026.427.8BERMUDA (GIS)NTO 1/2 O128VM8N 3/8 W34.00182.00769.80ONO-OTNNNW 1/8 W3BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000165137
1849-09-30T17:0025.92-67.93801.01024.527.8BERMUDA (GIS)NNO 1/8 O105VM8NTW27.25182.00768.40OTNNWTW 3/4 W3.75FLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000165138
1849-10-01T17:0027.00-67.621361.01021.328.9BERMUDA (GIS)NNO 3/8 O86VM8NTO 3/8 O17.00184.00766.00ZOTZ-ZON 3/4 O3.25FLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000165139
1849-10-02T16:0027.68-67.331201.01024.528.3BERMUDA (GIS)NNO 1/2 O74VM8NTO 7/8 O11.00-483.00768.40ZO-ZOTONTO 1/2 O5.25FLAUWE KOELTE EN STILHELDERE LUCHT0000000165140
1849-10-03T16:0028.27-66.921421.01026.727.2BERMUDA (GIS)NNO 1/3 O66VM8NNO 3/4 O10.25-481.00770.00ZOTZNTO 5/8 O4FLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation165141
1849-10-04T16:0028.75-66.682212.61024.026.7BERMUDA (GIS)NNO 1/3 O57VM8NNO 1/4 O7.75-480.00768.00ZWNTW 5/8 W3.25FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000165142
1849-10-05T16:0029.80-65.532321.01020.725.0BERMUDA (GIS)NTO 1/3 O38VM8NO W/Z O20.75-477.00765.50ZWTWFRISSE KOELTEREGENDIKKE LUCHT, BETROKKEN LUCHT, OPKLARENDE LUCHT0100000165143
1849-10-06T16:0030.40-63.13194.61025.325.0BERMUDA (GIS)NW 3/4 N32VM8ONO 1/2 O30.00-477.00769.00NTO-NNOBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN AFNEMENDE KOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000165144
1849-10-07T16:0031.30-61.731962.61025.326.7VM8NO 1/2 O21.50-780.00769.00Z-ZZWOZO 7/8 O2.25FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000165145
1849-10-08T16:0031.98-58.072072.61026.727.2VM8ONO 7/8 O48.00-781.00770.00ZWTZNNO 1/2 O3FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000165146
1849-10-09T16:0032.60-55.371662.01028.025.6VM8ONO 5/8 O35.75-1478.00771.00ZTO-ZNNW6AFNEMENDE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000165147
1849-10-10T16:0033.68-53.75994.61025.325.6VM8NO 1/2 O25.50-1478.00769.00ZOTO-OZONNW 5/8 W2BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000165148
1849-10-11T15:0035.15-51.951422.61024.724.4CORVO, Z PUNT (GIS)ONO 5/8 O253LEZARD (GIS)ONO568VM8NO W/Z O31.50-1676.00768.50Z-ZZONNW 7/8 W3.25FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000165149
1849-10-12T15:0036.17-49.171304.61025.324.4CORVO (GIS)O 14° N221LEZARD (GIS)O 24° N528VM8NOTO 7/8 O37.50-1676.00769.00ZOTZN5.75BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000165150
1849-10-13T15:0037.75-46.851804.61029.324.4CORVO (GIS)O 6° N188LEZARD (GIS)O 22° N486VM8NO 1/2 O37.00-2376.00772.00ZTW-ZZWN5.25BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000165151
1849-10-14T15:0038.82-44.501684.61027.324.4CORVO (GIS)O 3/8 N147LEZARD (GIS)ONO 1/8 O446VM8NOTO 1/4 O32.00-2376.00770.50Z-ZTWOZO 3/4 O2.75BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000165152
1849-10-15T15:0040.23-41.5214512.31028.022.2CORVO (GIS)O 3/8 Z121LEZARD (GIS)ONO 1/4 O408VM8NOTO 1/4 O41.00-2472.00771.00Z-ZTONNW 7/8 W6.5STIJVE KOELTEWEINIG REGENBUIÏGE LUCHT, BEWOLKTE LUCHT1100000165153
1849-10-16T14:0041.20-37.452006.71028.022.8CORVO (GIS)OZO 1/2 O77LEZARD (GIS)ONO 1/8 O364VM8ONO 1/2 O48.50-2573.00771.00ZWTW-ZWWTN5.25ONGESTADIGE MARSZEILSKOELTEREGENDIKKE LUCHT, OPHALENDE LUCHT0100000165154
1849-10-17T14:0041.08-33.383246.71009.317.2CORVO (GIS)ZO 5/8 O35LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 7/8 O327VM8O 2° Z45.90-2563.00757.00NW-NTWONGESTADIGE GEREEFDE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EMT STORMVLAGENREGENDIKKE LUCHT, BETROKKEN LUCHT,BUIÏGE LUCHT1100000165155
1849-10-18T14:0041.35-30.072904.61013.316.1CORVO (GIS)ZZW 1/3 W27LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 2/3 O297VM8O W/Z N42.00-2561.00760.00N-NWONGESTADIGE EN AFNEMENDE BRAMZEILSKOELTEREGENBUIÏGE LUCHT, OPKLARENDE LUCHT1100000165156
1849-10-19T14:0041.35-27.873352.61024.017.2LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 1/2 O274SOLOBANK (GIS)NOTO 3/4 O227VM8O24.50-2563.00768.00NW-NZWTZ3FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000165157
1849-10-20T14:0041.65-24.602234.91026.720.6LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 1/4 O245SOLO BANK (GIS)NOTO 1/2 O199VM8O 5/8 N37.00-2569.00770.00WZWNO 1/4 N1.25FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000165158
1849-10-21T13:0042.83-20.901764.91025.319.7LEZARD (GIS)NOTO W/Z O196SOLO BANK (GIS)NOTO 1/4 O152VM8ONO 1/8 O44.00-2767.50769.00ZW-ZZWONO 3/4 O5FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBETROKKEN LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000165159
1849-10-22T13:0044.40-17.081779.31022.718.9SOLO BANK, Z PUNT (GIS)NOTO 3/8 O104LEZARD (GIS)NOTO148VM8NOTO 1/4 O48.00-2666.00767.00ZZWWNW 3/8 W3.25STIJVE MARSZEILSKOELTEMOTREGENHEIÏGE LUCHT0100000165160
1849-10-23T13:0046.52-13.321999.31024.018.3SOLO BANK (GIS)NOTO 7/8 O56LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 1/4 O101VM8NO 3/4 O50.00-2665.00768.00Z-ZWNW 1/4 N2.75GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEMISTIG, OPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000165161
1849-10-24T13:0048.12-8.121646.71024.017.8LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 1/8 O53KISKASSEN (GIS)ONO 3/8 O75HEYSANT (GIS)O 3/8 N46VM8NOTO 1/8 O44.00-2764.00768.00Z-ZTWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEDIKKE LUCHT, MISTIGE LUCHT0010000165162
1849-10-25T12:0049.47-5.601676.71022.718.3BEVEZIER (GIS)ONO 3/8 O60KISKASSEN (GIS)O 5/8 N32ST CATHARTINAS PUNT (GIS)ONO45VM8ONO40.00-2465.00767.00ZTWNO 3/4 N6.25ONGESTADIGE MARSZEILSKOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000165163
1849-10-26T12:0050.32-1.4824812.31018.017.2BEVEZIER (GIS)ONO171VM8ONO 1/2 O42.00-2263.00763.50WTZ-WSTIJVE KOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000165164
1849-10-27T12:0051.181.722262.0DOVER, KASTEELWTNGOODURN?.(?), VUURSCHIPNTO1VM8-22WZWAFNEMENDE KOELTEREGENDIKKE LUCHT, BETROKKEN LUCHT MISTIGE LUCHT0100000165165
1849-10-28T00:0010000000165166