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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during MEERMIN cruise from Batavia to Hellevoetsluis started at 1836-02-09 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750673, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -3.169381 * Median Longitude: 16.840265 * South-bound Latitude: -35.520000 * West-bound Longitude: -38.320000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.810000 * East-bound Longitude: 104.280000
Date/Time Start: 1836-02-09T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-06-08T12:00:00
Event(s):
Meermin_18360209_T_REIS_6_P54-58 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 51.940000 * Longitude End: 3.720000 * Date/Time Start: 1836-02-09T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-06-08T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Meermin (Brik), Voyage: Batavia - Hellevoetsluis, 1st Observer: Van Rijn (Luitenant Ter Zee), Company: MAR
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
12 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
13 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the second landmark
14 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
15 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
16 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
17 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
18 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
19 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
20 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
21 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
22 Present weatherwwWeather description
23 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
24 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
25 Cloud typeCloud type
26 ClearnessClearness
27 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
28 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
29 FogFog1 If fog was reported
30 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
31 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
32 HailHail1 If hail was reported
33 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
34 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2200 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
12 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
13 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the second landmark)
14 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
15 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
16 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
17 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
18 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
19 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
20 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
21 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
22 
ww
(Weather description)
23 
Precip descr
24 
State sea descr
25 
Cloud type
26 
Clearness
27 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
28 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
29 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
30 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
31 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
32 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
33 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
34 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1836-02-09T00:001246.71004.626.7KRAKATAU, PIEKZ1KEIZERSPIEKNNW01480.00271000.00ZOTO4V010000000164369
1836-02-10T05:00-6.77104.281701.01004.627.21181.00271000.00ZTO1V000000000164370
1836-02-11T05:00-7.63103.382701.01004.626.70180.00271000.00ZZW, WZ1Z04V000000000164371
1836-02-12T05:00-7.88103.420.01004.626.7080.00271000.00STILH010000000164372
1836-02-13T05:00-7.97103.583384.61004.626.70380.00271000.00NNW3V040000000164373
1836-02-14T05:00-8.28103.321351.01004.627.20181.00271000.00ZO1Z04V000000000164374
1836-02-15T05:00-8.78103.172251.01004.628.30183.00271000.00ZZO, ZWZ1Z04V04, V000000000164375
1836-02-16T05:00-9.85102.801246.71004.627.20481.00271000.00ZOTO4V010000000164376
1836-02-17T05:00-9.70101.901136.71004.627.80482.00271000.00OZO4W20V100100000164377
1836-02-18T05:00-10.52100.581249.31004.626.70580.00271000.00ZOTO5W20V010100000164378
1836-02-19T05:00-12.0898.5812412.31004.626.70580.00271000.00ZOTO5-6W20V100100000164379
1836-02-20T05:00-13.3097.771339.31004.626.7-2580.00271000.00ZO5V010000000164380
1836-02-21T06:00-14.0793.95996.71004.626.7-2480.00271000.00OTZ5-4V010000000164381
1836-02-22T06:00-14.8591.931569.31004.626.1-2579.00271000.00ZZO5V010000000164382
1836-02-23T06:00-15.8589.721114.61004.626.7-2380.00271000.00OZO3V040000000164383
1836-02-24T06:00-16.5387.621119.31004.626.1-2579.00271000.00OZO5V000000000164384
1836-02-25T06:00-17.2385.431439.31004.626.4-3579.50271000.00ZOTZ5V000000000164385
1836-02-26T06:00-17.9283.921309.31004.626.4-5579.50271000.00ZO5V000000000164386
1836-02-27T07:00-18.7882.171189.31004.626.7-6580.00271000.00ZOTO6-5V010000000164387
1836-02-28T07:00-19.7279.3810712.31004.626.7-6680.00271000.00OZO5-6V100000000164388
1836-02-29T07:00-20.8776.771189.31004.626.1-6579.00271000.00ZOTO5V010000000164389
1836-03-01T07:00-22.0874.001299.31004.626.1-6579.00271000.00ZO5V040000000164390
1836-03-02T07:00-23.1371.2512419.01004.626.1-11879.00271000.00ZO8V010000000164391
1836-03-03T07:00-24.0768.2013519.01004.626.1-11879.00271000.00ZOTZ8V100000000164392
1836-03-04T08:00-25.4265.1212312.31004.626.1-12679.00271000.00ZO6V010000000164393
1836-03-05T08:00-26.8261.731109.31004.625.6-14578.00271000.00ZOTO5V000000000164394
1836-03-06T08:00-27.1758.63659.31001.626.1-14579.00270900.00OTN5V000000000164395
1836-03-07T08:00-27.8355.6217222.6992.524.4-19976.00270600.00ZTW9V030000000164396
1836-03-08T08:00-27.8754.221959.31001.622.8-19573.00270900.00ZWTZ5V03, V100000000164397
1836-03-09T09:00-27.2052.13724.61007.623.9-18375.00271100.00O3W30Z070000100164398
1836-03-10T09:00-27.4051.523319.31007.625.0-18577.00271100.00NTW5V000000000164399
1836-03-11T09:00-28.2849.603051.01007.625.6-21178.00271100.00NWTN1V040000000164400
1836-03-12T09:00-28.7247.271469.31010.623.9-23575.00280000.00ZTO5V010000000164401
1836-03-13T09:00-28.9844.77786.71007.623.9-23475.00271100.00OTZ4V04, V000000000164402
1836-03-14T09:00-29.7042.13654.61010.622.8-25373.00280000.00O3V000000000164403
1836-03-15T09:00-30.2040.17654.61010.624.4-25376.00280000.00O3V000000000164404
1836-03-16T09:00-30.5338.30546.71010.624.4-25476.00280000.00OTN3-4V010000000164405
1836-03-17T10:00-30.9236.72199.31010.624.4-26576.00280000.00NO5V000000000164406
1836-03-18T10:00-31.2234.532444.61007.625.0-26377.00271100.00W3V000000000164407
1836-03-19T10:00-31.7732.453564.61007.625.0-27377.00271100.00OTN, NNO3H010000000164408
1836-03-20T10:00-32.0532.171989.3998.625.0-27577.00270800.00NW, ZW5V100000000164409
1836-03-21T10:00-33.9029.6019622.61001.622.2-29972.00270900.00ZW9W20V100100000164410
1836-03-22T10:00-34.6830.022869.31004.622.2-29572.00271000.00NW5V000000000164411
1836-03-23T10:00-34.0030.5011726.81001.623.3-291074.00270900.00ZOTZ9-10Z02V000000000164412
1836-03-24T10:00-34.5728.371966.71010.620.6-29469.00280000.00ZWZW4Z04V100000000164413
1836-03-25T10:00-34.2228.638412.31004.620.0-29668.00271000.00OZO5-6W20Z04V100100000164414
1836-03-26T10:00-35.0526.451174.61010.620.6-29369.00280000.00ZOTZ3V000000000164415
1836-03-27T10:00-35.5222.92396.71007.620.6-29469.00271100.00ONO4V000000000164416
1836-03-28T11:00-35.0819.752861.01010.620.0-29168.00280000.00WZW, NW1V000000000164417
1836-03-29T11:00-34.2317.201079.31010.620.6-28569.00280000.00ZO5H100000000164418
1836-03-30T11:00-32.2515.231189.31010.620.0-28568.00280000.00ZOTZ5V040000000164419
1836-03-31T11:00-30.2212.581189.3-285ZOTZ5V040000000164420
1836-04-01T11:00-28.059.851089.31013.620.6-27569.00280100.00ZO5V040000000164421
1836-04-02T12:00-25.637.409912.31007.620.6-25669.00271100.00ZOTO6V040000000164422
1836-04-03T12:00-23.185.22999.31007.620.6-25569.00271100.00ZOTO5V01H010000000164423
1836-04-04T12:00-21.532.681109.31010.620.6-25569.00280000.00ZO5V040000000164424
1836-04-05T12:00-19.850.671129.31010.620.6-23569.00280000.00ZO5W20V100100000164425
1836-04-06T12:00-18.17-1.251019.31010.621.1-23570.00280000.00ZOTO5V100000000164426
1836-04-07T12:00-16.82-3.531029.31007.623.3-22574.00271100.00ZOTO5V100000000164427
1836-04-08T12:00-15.97-5.531249.31-225ZOTZ5V010000000164428
1836-04-15T00:001246.71007.623.3474.00271100.00ZOTO4V010000000164429
1836-04-16T12:00-15.02-7.271029.31007.623.3-22574.00271100.00ZOTO5V000000000164430
1836-04-17T13:00-13.72-9.131049.31007.624.4-20576.00271100.00ZOTO5V010000000164431
1836-04-18T13:00-12.12-10.651046.71007.623.9-20475.00271100.00ZOTO4V010000000164432
1836-04-19T13:00-10.53-12.10939.31004.625.6-20578.00271000.00OZO5V040000000164433
1836-04-20T13:00-8.60-13.731179.31007.625.6-18578.00271100.00ZO5V010000000164434
1836-04-21T13:00-7.05-15.681289.31004.626.7-18580.00271000.00ZOTZ5V040000000164435
1836-04-22T13:00-5.13-17.58989.31004.626.7-15580.00271000.00OZO5V040000000164436
1836-04-23T13:00-3.58-19.251094.61004.626.7-15380.00271000.00ZOTO3W20V100100000164437
1836-04-24T13:00-2.65-20.453621.01004.626.1-15179.00271000.00VARIABEL1W20V100100000164438
1836-04-25T13:00-2.17-20.872541.01010.626.1-16179.00280000.00OZO, VARIABEL, W1W20V100100000164439
1836-04-26T13:00-1.05-20.931304.61007.625.6-16378.00271100.00ZOTZ3H010000000164440
1836-04-27T13:001.72-20.62526.71007.626.1-16479.00271100.00ZZO, ONO3-4W20V100100000164441
1836-04-28T13:001.48-21.05741.01007.626.7-16180.00271100.00O1V040000000164442
1836-04-29T13:000.95-21.670.01004.625.6-1678.00271000.00STILV030000000164443
1836-04-30T13:001.48-22.33741.01004.625.6-16178.00271000.00O1V030000000164444
1836-05-01T14:001.58-23.08774.61004.625.6-13378.00271000.00O3V10, V030000000164445
1836-05-02T14:002.30-23.82321.01007.624.4-13176.00271100.00NOSTILW200100000164446
1836-05-03T14:003.22-24.35421.01004.626.1-14179.00271000.00NOTO1Z04V040000000164447
1836-05-04T14:003.78-24.703621.01004.625.6-14178.00271000.00VARIABELN1W20Z04V100100000164448
1836-05-05T14:004.50-24.8899.31007.625.6-14578.00271100.00NNO5V040000000164449
1836-05-06T14:005.03-25.723579.31007.625.6-14578.00271100.00NTO5V010000000164450
1836-05-07T14:005.72-27.35319.31007.623.3-14574.00271100.00NO50000000164451
1836-05-08T14:007.38-28.87229.31007.625.6-12578.00271100.00NOTN5H010000000164452
1836-05-09T14:008.88-30.87329.31007.624.4-13576.00271100.00NO5V010000000164453
1836-05-10T14:0011.08-32.722412.31007.623.9-10675.00271100.00NOTN6Z00V040000000164454
1836-05-11T14:0013.22-34.52459.31007.623.9-11575.00271100.00NOTO5V040000000164455
1836-05-12T14:0015.17-35.63579.31010.623.3-11574.00280000.00ONO5V040000000164456
1836-05-13T14:0017.38-36.42349.31010.623.3-11574.00280000.00NO5V040000000164457
1836-05-14T14:0019.37-36.87329.31013.622.8-13573.00280100.00NO5V000000000164458
1836-05-15T15:0021.48-37.82464.61010.622.8-10373.00280000.00NOTO3V000000000164459
1836-05-16T15:0023.13-38.321454.61010.622.8-13373.00280000.00ZZO3V000000000164460
1836-05-17T15:0024.43-38.321454.61010.622.8-13373.00280000.00ZZO3V000000000164461
1836-05-18T15:0025.73-37.871904.61010.621.1-13370.00280000.00ZO, ZZW3V04, V100000000164462
1836-05-19T15:0026.83-37.502019.31010.620.6-13569.00280000.00ZWTZ4-5W41, W01W211100100164463
1836-05-20T14:0028.50-36.272429.31007.621.1-17570.00271100.00WTZ5V100000000164464
1836-05-21T14:0030.73-35.3726412.3998.619.4-17667.00270800.00WTN6V010000000164465
1836-05-22T14:0033.53-33.982844.6992.518.3-20365.00270600.00NWTWW3Z04V040000000164466
1836-05-23T14:0035.03-33.073066.7995.617.8-20464.00270700.00NWTNW3-4Z04V100000000164467
1836-05-24T14:0035.77-32.48139.31001.617.2-21563.00270900.00NOTN5V040000000164468
1836-05-25T14:0035.85-31.273059.31007.617.2-21563.00271100.00NWTN5V04, V100000000164469
1836-05-26T14:0037.08-28.9328312.3998.616.7-21662.00270800.00NWTW5-6V100000000164470
1836-05-27T14:0039.02-26.382016.7995.618.3-24465.00270700.00ZZO, ZW5-4W20V05, V030100000164471
1836-05-28T14:0041.03-24.381229.31001.617.8-24564.00270900.00ZOTZ4-5V050000000164472
1836-05-29T14:0042.40-22.5310022.6998.615.6-24960.00270800.00ZOTO9W01Z011000000164473
1836-05-30T13:0044.22-20.607422.6995.616.1-27961.00270700.00OTZ9Z01V030000000164474
1836-05-31T13:0046.90-20.4817622.6998.613.9-27957.00270800.00OZO, ZZW10-9Z020000000164475
1836-06-01T13:0046.83-20.5524326.8980.514.4-271058.00270200.00W10W20Z020100000164476
1836-06-02T13:0047.60-18.422189.3989.515.0-30559.00270500.00WZW5V040000000164477
1836-06-03T13:0047.67-16.132529.3995.615.0-29559.00270700.00WTN5V010000000164478
1836-06-04T13:0048.10-12.322326.71007.615.0-27459.00271100.00WTZ4V040000000164479
1836-06-05T13:0048.60-8.751986.71010.615.0-27459.00280000.00ZW4H010000000164480
1836-06-06T12:0049.60-5.471339.31004.612.8-25555.00271000.00ZZO5W21V050100000164481
1836-06-07T12:0050.23-1.772259.31-235WZW5V030000000164482
1836-06-08T12:0051.814.081-210000000164483