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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Marquis of Lansdowne cruise from St. Helena to Java started at 1790-05-30 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750640, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -30.001053 * Median Longitude: 45.619298 * South-bound Latitude: -38.200000 * West-bound Longitude: -11.400000 * North-bound Latitude: -8.580000 * East-bound Longitude: 108.880000
Date/Time Start: 1790-05-30T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1790-07-25T05:00:00
Event(s):
Marquis_of_Lansdowne_17900530_BL_L/MAR/B/373B * Latitude Start: -15.890000 * Longitude Start: -5.750000 * Latitude End: -7.500000 * Longitude End: 101.850000 * Date/Time Start: 1790-05-30T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1790-07-25T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Marquis Of Lansdowne, Voyage: St Helena - Java, 1st Observer: David Holme (Captain), Company: EIC
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Present weatherwwWeather description
15 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
16 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1054 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

TTT [°C]

Landmark

Course

Distance [arbitrary units]
10 
Decl [deg]
11 
Reading [arbitrary units]
12 
Wind dir descr
13 
Wind force descr
14 
ww
15 
Precip descr
16 
State sea descr
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
19 
Rain
20 
Fog
21 
Snow
22 
Thunder
23 
Hail
24 
Sea ice
25 
ID
1790-05-30T12:00-17.55-6.931316.720.0ST HELENAS34W113.00-1568.00SSE, SBE, SE, SSE, SEBSMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000163181
1790-05-31T13:00-18.87-7.881462.620.0S35W94.00-1268.00SE, SSE, SBE, S, SSELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000163182
1790-06-01T13:00-19.20-8.073621.020.6S17W31.00-1269.00SE, SEBS, SE, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND CALMFAIR0000000163183
1790-06-02T13:00-19.37-7.971571.021.7S26E13.00-1271.00VARIABLE, SBE, S, VARIABLE, SBEFIRST CALM, MID AND LATTER LIGHT AIRSFIRST CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER VARIABLE AND FAIR0000000163184
1790-06-03T13:00-20.48-8.831462.621.7S38W79.00-1271.00SEBS, SBE, SEBS, SBE, SSELIGHT BREEZESSWELL FORM SFAIR0000000163185
1790-06-04T13:00-21.97-9.8513419.021.7S34W102.00-1271.00SSE, SBE, SSE, SEBSFRESH GALES REQUENT SQUALLS,RAINLARGE SW SEA0100000163186
1790-06-05T13:00-23.45-10.7015819.021.1S22W95.00-1170.00SE, SEBS, SEBE, SE, SBEFRESH GALESCONFUSED SEACLOUDY0000000163187
1790-06-06T13:00-24.00-11.171352.620.6S15W1.00-1169.00SE, SEBE, SEBS, SE, S, SEBSLIGHT WINDS, SOME FLYING SQUALLSUNSETTLEDSWELL FROM SE0000000163188
1790-06-07T13:00-25.13-11.40572.621.1S9W71.00-1170.00SEBS, SSE, SEBE, EBS, ENELIGHT BREEZESFIRST CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR0000000163189
1790-06-08T13:00-28.37-10.883162.921.1S7E129.00-1070.00NNE, N, VARIABLE, NW, NNW, NWBNLIGHT BREEZES INCREASINGFAIR0000000163190
1790-06-09T13:00-29.62-9.332606.720.6S47E111.00-1069.00WNW, SWBW, VARIABLE, WSW, W, WVARIABLE, LATTER PLEASANT BREEZESSWELL FROM SWUNSETTLED, LATTER FAIR0000000163191
1790-06-10T12:00-31.27-7.173136.720.0S46E157.00-1368.00NW, WNW, VARIABLE, NWBNPLEASANT BREEZES, SOME FLYING SQUALLSRAINSWELL FROM SWCLOUDY0100000163192
1790-06-11T12:00-32.33-5.303256.119.4S56E115.00-1367.00WNW, WBN, NWBW, NWBN, NNWPLEASANT BREEZES DECREASINGFAIR0000000163193
1790-06-12T12:00-33.93-1.973239.318.1S60E194.00-1564.50N, NBE, NNWPLEASANT GALESSOME FLYING SHOWERSCLOUDY1000000163194
1790-06-13T12:00-34.652.303349.317.2S78E217.00-1563.00NBE, N, NBWPLEASANT GALESSMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000163195
1790-06-14T12:00-34.556.503219.316.7N88E208.00-1762.00NBW, NNW, N, NNWPLEASANT GALES, SOME SQUALLSCLOUDY0000000163196
1790-06-15T11:00-34.179.821496.714.4N83E166.00-2058.00VARIABLE, W, SWBW, SWBS, SSW, S, SBEPLEASANT GALES, SOME SQUALLS, LATTER MODERATERAINLARGE SWELL FROM SWFAIR0100000163197
1790-06-16T11:00-34.0512.401606.716.1N86E126.00-2061.00SBE, S, VARIABLE, SPLEASANT BREEZES, SOME FLYING SQUALLSRAIN0100000163198
1790-06-17T11:00-33.8012.8215716.1N56E24.00-2361.00SSE, SBE, SSE, SBE, SSE, SVARIABLEUNSETTLED0000000163199
1790-06-18T11:00-34.6312.2010416.7S28W66.00-2062.00SBW, SEBS, SEBS, SE, SEBE, SEBEUNSETTLED, SOME SQUALLSSWELL FROM SWCLOUDY0000000163200
1790-06-19T11:00-35.9013.383489.316.7S40E92.00-2362.00SE, SEBE, ESE, EBS, ENE, NE, NBEFIRST AND MID LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER INCREASING TO PLEASANT GALESCLOUDY0000000163201
1790-06-20T11:00-35.8217.382706.716.7N88E196.00-2362.00NNW, N, WNWFRESH GALES, FIRST AND MID WITH SQUALLS, LATTER MODERATERAINCLOUDY0100000163202
1790-06-21T11:00-35.5521.3522316.314.4N86E194.00-2558.00WNW, WSWINCREASING GALES, FREQUENT HARD SQUALLSHAIL AND RAIN0100010163203
1790-06-22T10:00-36.1524.522896.713.9S78E158.00-2657.00W, SW, SWBS, WSW, WNW, NWFIRST STRONG GALES, FRESHQUENT HARD SQUALLS, MID AND LATTER MORE MODERATE WITH SOME FLYING SHOWERSRAINSEA VERY CONFUSED0100000163204
1790-06-23T10:00-36.2226.4835715.6S88E113.00-2660.00W, VARIABLE, WNW, NNW, NNEFIRST PLEASANT GALES, MID LIGHT AIRS, VARIABLESWELL FROM SWCLODY0000000163205
1790-06-24T10:00-36.4330.622879.317.2S86E185.00-2863.00NNE, NNW, NWBW, NW, NWBW, NWLIGHT BREEZES INCREASIING, MID AND LATTER PLEASANT GALESFAIR0000000163206
1790-06-25T10:00-36.7534.8834319.017.8S85E208.00-2864.00NNW, N, NBE, NBEFRESH GALES SOME SQUALLS0000000163207
1790-06-26T09:00-37.4038.481719.018.3S78E186.00-2865.00NNE, NEBN, NEFRESH GALES SOME SQUALLSSWELL FORM NEFIRST HAZY, LATTER FAIR0000000163208
1790-06-27T09:00-38.2041.7835419.016.1S72E156.00-2961.00NEBN, NNEFRESH GALES SOME SQUALLSRAINCLOUDY0100000163209
1790-06-28T09:00-38.0344.022196.715.0N85E107.00-2959.00VARIABLE, NNE, NBW, WNW, WSWFIRST SQUALLY, MID LIGHT AIRS, LATTER MODERATEUNSETTLED AND CLOUDY0000100163210
1790-06-29T09:00-37.8845.783092.615.0N84E84.00-2959.00VARIABLE, SW, WSW, NW, NNWLIGHT BREEZESFIRST CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR0000000163211
1790-06-30T09:00-37.3749.423129.316.1N80E178.00-2661.00NBE, N, VARIABLE, NNWPLEASANT GALESCLOUDY0000000163212
1790-07-01T09:00-37.3551.523006.716.1E100.00-2661.00VARIABLE, WSW, WNW, NWBW, NW, NWBNFIRST AND MID LIGHT WINDS, INCREASING TO PLEASANT BREEZES IN LATTERVARIABLE AND FAIR0000000163213
1790-07-02T08:00-37.2055.983249.316.1N88E212.00-2561.00N, NBWPLEASANT GALESCLOUDY0000000163214
1790-07-03T08:00-37.2760.5832619.016.7E221.00-2362.00N, NBWFRESH GALES, FREQUENT SQUALLSRAINSWELL FROM NW0100000163215
1790-07-04T08:00-36.5063.822606.715.0N74E162.00-2159.00N, NWBW, WBNFIRST HARD GALES WITH FREQUENT HARD SQUALLS, MID AND LATTER MODERATERAINFOLLOWING SEAFIRST AND MID FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY0100000163216
1790-07-05T07:00-36.5768.232969.316.7S88E207.00-1962.00NW, NWBW, NWPLEASANT GALESRAINFOLLOWING SEACLOUDY0100000163217
1790-07-06T07:00-36.3772.6320812.313.3N87E213.00-1756.00W, WBN, WSW, SWSTEADY GALESLARGE SWELL FORM SWFIRST CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER FAIR0000000163218
1790-07-07T07:00-36.3575.373549.314.4E132.00-1758.00VARIABLE, SEBS, NNE, NBEFIRST AND LATTER PLEASANT GALES, MID LIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLEFIRST AND LATTER CLOUYD, MID FAIR0000000163219
1790-07-08T07:00-36.6879.7729919.014.4S85E214.00-1658.00NWBN, NNW, NWBN, NWFRESH GALESCLOUDY0000000163220
1790-07-09T06:00-37.2884.5032422.613.9S81E231.00-1457.00NWBN, NNWSTRONG GALESLARGE SEA FROM NWCLOUDY0000000163221
1790-07-10T06:00-37.0887.382014.4N85E139.00-1458.00NNW, NW, VARIABLE, NEBNFIRST STRONG GALES, MID AND LATTER MODERATE, NOON HEAVY SQUALLSRAINLARGE SEA AT NWHAZY0100000163222
1790-07-11T06:00-36.3791.153026.713.9N87E185.00-1357.00NNW, NWBN, NWFIRST STRONG GALES, MID AND LATTER MODERATEFIRST CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER FAIR0000000163223
1790-07-12T06:00-35.4095.153149.313.3N74E202.00-1256.00NNW, NWBW, NWBN, NWBNFIRST AND MID FRESH GALES SOME SQUALLS, LATTER PLEASANT GALESRAINSEA AT WFIRST AND MID HAZY, LATTER FAIR0100000163224
1790-07-13T05:00-33.8898.451928.716.7N62E186.00-1162.00WSW, SW, VARIABLE, SBE, S, SSWPLEASANT GALES DECREASING IN LATTERLARGE SWELL A SWFAIR0000000163225
1790-07-14T05:00-32.43101.482519.3N58E178.00-8SWBW, WSW, WBSPLEASANT GALES SOME FLYING SQUALLSSHOWERSSWELL AT WCLOUDY1000000163226
1790-07-15T05:00-30.88104.322856.714.4N57E173.00-858.00WNWPLEASANT BREEZESSOME FLYING SHOWERSCLOUDY1000000163227
1790-07-16T05:00-28.68106.28936.715.0N38E168.00-859.00SW, SWBS, S, SSE, SEBS, VARIABLE, EBSPLEASANT BREEZESSOME FLYING SHOWERSCLOUDY1000000163228
1790-07-17T05:00-26.62106.98956.716.7N19E120.00-662.00VARIABLE, E, EBS, EBSPLEASANT BREEZES SOMEFLYING SQUALLSVARIABLE AND CLOUDYRAIN0100000163229
1790-07-18T05:00-23.38107.871089.318.9N14E200.00-566.00VARIABLE, SEBE, ESEPLEASANT GALESCLOUDY0000000163230
1790-07-19T05:00-20.22108.881099.323.3N16E204.00-474.00ESEPLEASANT GALESFIRST AND MID CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR0000000163231
1790-07-20T05:00-17.67108.88976.124.4N163.00-476.00ESE, EBSPLEASANT BREEZES DECREASING IN LATTERFAIR0000000163232
1790-07-21T05:00-16.22108.882002.624.4N83.00-376.00VARIABLE, S, SSWLIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000163233
1790-07-22T05:00-14.50108.881552.624.4N79.00-376.00SBW, S, SSELIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000163234
1790-07-23T05:00-12.67108.881882.625.0N98.00-377.00S, SBE, SBWLIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000163235
1790-07-24T05:00-10.82108.881332.627.2N208.00-281.00S, SBE, SELIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000163236
1790-07-25T05:00-8.58108.881447.328.1N132.00-282.50SBE, VARIABLE, SEBSINCREASING BREEZESCLOUDY0000000163237