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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Marquis of Lansdowne cruise from Downs to St. Helena started at 1790-03-04 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750639, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 3.290290 * Median Longitude: -17.188841 * South-bound Latitude: -30.830000 * West-bound Longitude: -25.930000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.580000 * East-bound Longitude: -1.220000
Date/Time Start: 1790-03-04T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1790-05-11T12:00:00
Event(s):
Marquis_of_Lansdowne_17900304_BL_L/MAR/B/373B * Latitude Start: 47.720000 * Longitude Start: -5.280000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1790-03-04T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1790-05-11T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Marquis Of Lansdowne, Voyage: Downs - St Helena, 1st Observer: David Holme (Captain), Company: EIC
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
14 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16 Present weatherwwWeather description
17 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
18 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
19 ClearnessClearness
20 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
21 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
22 FogFog1 If fog was reported
23 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
24 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25 HailHail1 If hail was reported
26 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1257 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
14 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
15 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
16 
ww
(Weather description)
17 
Precip descr
18 
State sea descr
19 
Clearness
20 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
21 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
22 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
23 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
24 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
25 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
26 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
27 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1790-03-04T12:0049.58-5.2332510.6LIZARDN1/2W7S8E25.00-2451.00EBN, N, NNE, NEBE, N, NBW0000000163112
1790-03-05T12:0049.07-6.083591.010.0S51W47.00-2450.00VARIABLE, NNW, N, NBE, NNELIGHT AIRSFAIR0000000163113
1790-03-06T13:0047.47-8.5212316.310.6S46W136.00-2351.00NEBE, ENE, EBS, E, SE, SEBS, SEBSINCREASING GALESSWELL FROM WFIRS AND MID FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY0000000163114
1790-03-07T13:0045.83-12.2221318.113.3S55W186.00-2356.00SSE, SBE, S, SSW, SWBWFRESH GALES DECREASINGCONFUSED SWELL FORM WCLOUDY0000000163115
1790-03-08T13:0046.00-12.582131.013.3N75W16.00-2356.00SW, VARIABLE, SWBWLIGHT AIRS VARIABLE AND CALMCONFUSED SWELL FROM WSWFAIR0000000163116
1790-03-09T13:0045.25-13.272582.912.2S35W51.00-2354.00SWBW, WBS, WNW, NW, NWBN, NBW, VARIABLE, WBNLIGHT BREEZES INCREASING TOWARDS NOONLARGE SWELL FORM W0000000163117
1790-03-10T13:0043.22-13.723608.713.3S10W113.00-2356.00W, WBN, NWBW, NNEFRESH BREEZES DECREASINGLARGE SWELL FROM NWFIRST AND LATTER FAIR, MID HAZY0010000163118
1790-03-11T13:0042.83-13.78672.613.3S10W23.00-2356.00VARIABLE, ELIGHT AIRS VARIABLE AND CALM, TOWARDS NOON LIGHT BREEZELARGE SWELL FROM NWHAZY0000000163119
1790-03-12T13:0041.38-14.881032.913.9S32W93.00-2157.00SE, SEBELIGHT BREEZE INCREASING IN LATTER PARTFAIR0000000163120
1790-03-13T13:0039.97-15.921141.215.0S32W94.00-2159.00VARIABLE, E, ESE, SELIGHT AIRS INCREASINGFAIR0000000163121
1790-03-14T13:0037.15-17.5210519.016.7S25W192.00-1962.00SE, SEBEFRESH GALES SOME SQUALLSPLEASANT SEACLOUDY0000000163122
1790-03-15T13:0036.33-18.281846.7S38W59.00-19SE, SEBS, S, SSW, SWBS, SW, SSWFIRST FRESH GALES, MID FREQUENT SQUALLS, LATTER MODERATECONFUSED SEAFIRST HAZY, MID CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR0000000163123
1790-03-16T13:0036.17-18.403622.616.7S37W10.00-1962.00SBW, SSW, SWBS, SW, SWBW, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESVARIABLE AND UNSETTLEDCONFUSED SEA0000000163124
1790-03-17T13:0035.13-18.5241.0S7W49.00-19VARIABLE, NNW, SEBE, N, NNEFIRST VARIABLE WITH FREQUENT SQUALLS, LATTER LIGHT AIRSFIRST UNSETTLED, LATTER FAIR0000000163125
1790-03-18T13:0033.37-18.723412.617.2S6W93.00-1963.00NLIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000163126
1790-03-19T13:0032.53-18.823071.017.8S6W47.00-1964.00NBW, NWBNFIRST PLEASANT BREEZES DECREASING TO MID AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS AND CALMSFAIR0000000163127
1790-03-20T13:0030.35-19.08177.317.2S6W132.00-1763.00ENE, NE, NEBNPLEASANT BREEZE INCREASINGFAIR0000000163128
1790-03-21T13:0027.83-19.5069.317.8S6W157.00-1764.00NEBN, VARIABLE, ENE, NNEPLEASANT GALES, SOME FLYING SQUALLSRAINCLOUDY0100000163129
1790-03-22T13:0024.95-21.383446.718.3S16W188.00-1665.00NBE, NNW, NNW, NPLEASANT BREEZESCLEAR0000000163130
1790-03-23T13:0023.28-22.03182.618.9S16W183.00-1666.00NNW, N, NBE, NEBN, NEBNLIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000163131
1790-03-24T13:0021.37-22.43192.618.9S15W110.00-1566.00NE, NNE, NEBNLIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000163132
1790-03-25T14:0018.67-23.22329.319.4S22W182.00-1367.00NNE, N, NEPLEASANT TRADEFAIR0000000163133
1790-03-26T14:0017.23-25.80579.320.0S51W132.00-1168.00NE, E, ENEPLEASANT GALESCLOUDY0000000163134
1790-03-27T14:0013.95-25.905712.320.8S1:30W200.00-1169.50NEBE, ENEFRESH TRADEFAIR0000000163135
1790-03-28T14:0010.75-24.883512.321.7S17E204.00-1071.00NE, EBN, NEBE, NEFRESH TRADECLOUDY0000000163136
1790-03-29T14:008.12-23.57359.323.3S26E176.00-1074.00NE, NEBE, NEPLEASANT TRADEFAIR0000000163137
1790-03-30T14:006.20-22.83592.625.6S22E117.00-978.00ENELIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000163138
1790-03-31T13:004.12-21.48126.726.7S33E149.00-1180.00ENE, NE, NNEPLEASANT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000163139
1790-04-01T13:002.17-20.22346.727.2S33E148.00-1181.00NEBE, NEPLEASANT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000163140
1790-04-02T13:001.42-18.683621.025.6S21E48.00-1178.00SSE, ESE, E, NEBE, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM, SOME FLYING SQUALLSRAIN0100000163141
1790-04-03T13:000.88-18.6036227.8S30E9.00-1182.00VARIABLECLOUDY0000000163142
1790-04-04T13:000.73-18.623621.027.2S6W9.00-1181.00VARIABLELIGHT AIRS VARIABLE AND CALMRAINFIRST FAIR, MID AND LATTER CLOUDY0100000163143
1790-04-05T13:000.73-18.383271.027.2S32E26.00-1181.00VARIABLE, NW, NNWLIGHT AIRS VARIABLE AND CALMUNSETTLED0000000163144
1790-04-06T13:000.12-18.2536227.8S12E41.00-1182.00NNW, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS, LATTER SOME FLYING SHOWERSCLOUDY, LATTER FAIR0000000163145
1790-04-07T13:00-0.35-18.35362S10W34.00-11NW, S, SBW, VARIABLE, SEBE, EBS, VARIABLERAINCLOUDY0100000163146
1790-04-08T13:00-0.83-18.621691.028.9S26W35.00-1184.00VARIABLE, SEBE, SEBS, SSE, SE, VARIABLE, SFIRST AND LATTERL IGHT AIRS AND CALM, MID LIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000163147
1790-04-09T13:00-1.77-18.90902.630.0S16W61.00-1186.00S, SSE, SEBS, SEBE, EBSLIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000163148
1790-04-10T13:00-2.20-19.182591.029.4S34W30.00-1185.00ESE, VARIABLE, WFIRST AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS, MID CALMRAINCLOUDY0100100163149
1790-04-11T13:00-2.73-18.8514826.7S32E37.00-1080.00SEBS, VARIABLE, SBW, SSW, SWBS, SBW, S, SBE, S, SSEVARIABLEUNSETTLED0000000163150
1790-04-12T13:00-3.32-19.20912.627.8S20W62.00-1082.00SBE, SSE, ESE, SEBE, ESE, VARIABLE, SE, EBSLIGHT BREEZES, FREQUENT SQUALLS, LATTER LIGHT BREEZESRAINCLOUDY0100000163151
1790-04-13T13:00-3.88-19.821366.728.3S44W53.00-1083.00VARIABLE, ESE, E, SEBS, S, SEBE, SEBSFIRST AND MID UNSETTLED WITH SQUALLS, LATTER MODERATERAINCLOUDY0100000163152
1790-04-14T13:00-5.58-20.481146.728.3S23W99.00-1083.00SE, SSE, SEBS, ESE, SEBE, SE, SSE, SEBEPLEASANT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000163153
1790-04-15T13:00-8.13-21.301269.328.6S18W158.00-983.50SEBE, SE, SEBS, SEPLEASANT GALESCLOUDY0000000163154
1790-04-16T13:00-10.62-22.181376.728.3S20W152.00-983.00SE, VARIABLE, SEBSPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR0000000163155
1790-04-17T14:00-13.12-23.501419.327.2S27W172.00-581.00SE, SEBE, SEBSPLEASANT TRADESFAIR0000000163156
1790-04-18T14:00-15.53-24.581196.727.5S23W160.00-581.50SEBS, SEBEPLEASANT BREEZESSMOOTH WATERFAIR0000000163157
1790-04-19T14:00-17.78-25.30976.727.2S17W138.00-481.00SE, SEBE, EBSPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR0000000163158
1790-04-20T14:00-20.03-25.751096.7S10W142.00-4EBS, ESE, VARIABLE, ESEPLEASANT BREEZES, SOME SQUALLSFIRST AND MID CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR0000000163159
1790-04-21T14:00-21.67-25.9336226.1S5W109.00-479.00EBS, ESE, VARIABLERAINFAIR0100000163160
1790-04-22T14:00-22.80-24.93656.726.1S48E5.00-379.00NEBE, ENEFIRST AND LATTER PLEASANT BREEZES, MID LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000163161
1790-04-23T14:00-23.90-23.773572.626.1S45E96.00-379.00NEBE, NE, NLIGHT BREEZESFAIR0000000163162
1790-04-24T14:00-24.60-23.083571.026.1S45E53.00-379.00NNW, VARIABLE, NLIGHT AIRS INCLING TO CALMFAIR0000000163163
1790-04-25T13:00-25.52-21.673626.725.6S55E94.00-678.00N, NWBN, NNE, VARIABLE, NBW, NBE, VARIABLEFIRST AND LATTER PLEASANT BREEZES, MID LIGHT BREEZESLARGE SWELL FROM SFAIR0000000163164
1790-04-26T13:00-26.20-19.733322.625.0S67E113.00-677.00NNE, VARIABLE, NNWLIGHT BREEZESSWELL FROM SFAIR0000000163165
1790-04-27T13:00-25.73-18.031296.123.9N70E97.00-675.00WNW, VARIABLE, SEBS, SE, SEBE, SEPLEASANT BREEZES DECREASING IN THE LATTERSWELL FROM SCLOUDY0000000163166
1790-04-28T13:00-26.78-18.651296.7S26W77.00-6SE, SEBS, SE, SEBE, SEBS, SEPLEASANT BREEZELARGE SWELL FROM SCLOUDY0000000163167
1790-04-29T13:00-28.77-19.151099.322.8S12W119.00-473.00SEBE, ESE, SE, ESE, EBS, ESEFRESH BREEZESSWELL FROM SFAIR THEN CLOUDY0000000163168
1790-04-30T13:00-30.43-18.77526.725.0S11E99.00-477.00SEBE, SE, EBS, ESE, E, EBN, ENE, NEBEPLEASANT BREEZESSWELL FROM SCLOUDY0000000163169
1790-05-01T13:00-30.83-15.8035319.022.2S80E158.00-772.00NE, NEBN, NBE, N, NFRESH GALESCONFUSED SWELLCLOUDY0000000163170
1790-05-02T13:00-30.67-12.7730819.022.8N86E158.00-773.00NBW, NWBW, NWFRESH GALES SOME FLYING SQUALLSRAINCONFUSED SEACLOUDY0100000163171
1790-05-03T13:00-30.07-9.9728319.021.7N76E150.00-1071.00NNW, NBW, NWBN, NW, WNWFRESH GALES, SOME FLYING SQUALLSRAINVERY CONFUSED SEACLOUDY0100000163172
1790-05-04T13:00-29.53-8.87132.622.8N74E60.00-1073.00W, VARIABLE, S, SSW, ENE, E, NNE, NNELIGHT BREEZESLARGE SWELL FROM SWCLOUDY0000000163173
1790-05-05T12:00-28.52-6.133369.321.9N66E158.00-1371.50N, NBW, NBWFRESH BREEZES SOME SQUALLS,RAINCLOUDY0100000163174
1790-05-06T12:00-27.50-3.833479.321.4N65E136.00-1370.50NBE, VARIABLE, N, NBW, NNW, NFRESH BREEZES SOME FLYING SQUALLSRAINCLOUDY0100000163175
1790-05-07T12:00-26.47-1.8736220.0N59E122.00-1768.00NBE, N, NBW, N, VARIABLE, VARIABLEFIRST AND MID FRESH BREEZES, MID AND LATTER VARIABLE WITH SOME FLYING SQUALLSRAIN0100000163176
1790-05-08T12:00-25.07-1.22966.720.0N20E102.00-1768.00N, NNE, NNW, NWBN, NW, ESEFIRST AND MID LIGHT BREEZES, VARIABLE WITH SOME FLYING SQUALLS, LATTER PESANT BREEZESRAINCLOUDY0100000163177
1790-05-09T12:00-21.67-1.2212919.019.4N204.00-1767.00ESE, SEBSFRESH GALES SOME FLYING SQUALLSRAINCLOUDY0100000163178
1790-05-10T12:00-18.37-1.2210719.020.0N212.00-1768.00SEBS, SE, ESE, SEBEFRESH GALES, FREQUENT SQUALLSRAINCLOUDY0100000163179
1790-05-11T12:00-16.15-2.1011719.022.2N19W150.00-1872.00ESE, EBS, SEBE, ESE, SEFRESH GALES SOME SQUALLSRAINCLOUDY0100000163180