Not logged in
PANGAEA.
Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during MAGDALENA cruise from Batavia to the Netherlands started at 1853-10-17 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750583, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS CitationBibTeX CitationShow MapGoogle Earth

Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -12.123289 * Median Longitude: 17.584605 * South-bound Latitude: -35.600000 * West-bound Longitude: -31.200000 * North-bound Latitude: 29.720000 * East-bound Longitude: 103.850000
Date/Time Start: 1853-10-17T05:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1853-12-31T14:00:00
Event(s):
Magdalena_18531017_B_REIS_1A_P2-9 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 53.000000 * Longitude End: 4.490000 * Date/Time Start: 1853-10-17T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1853-12-31T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Magdalena, Voyage: Batavia - Nederland, 1st Observer: A.P. Klein (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
15 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
17 Present weatherwwWeather description
18 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
19 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
20 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
21 FogFog1 If fog was reported
22 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
23 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
24 HailHail1 If hail was reported
25 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1357 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
15 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
16 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
17 
ww
(Weather description)
18 
Precip descr
19 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
20 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
21 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
22 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
23 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
24 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
25 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
26 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1853-10-17T05:00-6.95103.851599.31010.630.01586.0029.84ZZO50000000158567
1853-10-18T05:00-8.45100.831469.31010.628.90584.0029.84ZOTZ50000000158568
1853-10-19T06:00-10.2597.421579.31011.228.9-1584.0029.86ZZO50000000158569
1853-10-20T06:00-11.6794.321124.61011.228.9-1384.0029.86OZO30000000158570
1853-10-21T06:00-13.3591.381101011.928.3-383.0029.88OZO0000000158571
1853-10-22T06:00-14.3289.221559.31010.927.2-3581.0029.85ZZO50000000158572
1853-10-23T06:00-15.1787.031434.61011.925.6-3378.0029.88ZOTZ30000000158573
1853-10-24T06:00-16.4584.231326.71013.623.9-3475.0029.93ZO4STOFREGEN0100000158574
1853-10-25T07:00-17.5381.751291013.323.9-675.0029.92ZOBUIIGSOMS REGEN1100000158575
1853-10-26T07:00-18.8578.931189.31014.323.3-6574.0029.95ZOTO50000000158576
1853-10-27T07:00-20.4575.5010612.31017.723.3-7674.0030.05OZO6BUIIG0000000158577
1853-10-28T07:00-21.8872.301059.31018.723.9-8575.0030.08OZO5BUIIGMET REGENVLAGEN1100000158578
1853-10-29T07:00-23.0569.33341016.723.3-1174.0030.02NOREGEN BUIIG1100000158579
1853-10-30T08:00-24.0867.371231014.026.7-1280.0029.94ZO0000000158580
1853-10-31T08:00-24.6066.15789.31014.622.2-12572.0029.96O50000000158581
1853-11-01T08:00-25.5563.025612.31017.323.3-12674.0030.04ONO60000000158582
1853-11-02T08:00-26.4259.75106.71015.324.4-13476.0029.98NNO40000000158583
1853-11-03T08:00-27.0557.422102.61013.325.6-15278.0029.92ZW2BUIIG0000000158584
1853-11-04T08:00-28.0054.421396.71009.922.8-19473.0029.82ZZO40000000158585
1853-11-05T09:00-28.2352.22696.71012.621.7-21471.0029.90O40000000158586
1853-11-06T09:00-29.0249.52692.61014.322.2-21272.0029.95O20000000158587
1853-11-07T09:00-29.6347.371579.31011.923.9-23575.0029.88Z50000000158588
1853-11-08T09:00-30.3345.151126.71015.320.6-23469.0029.98ZO40000000158589
1853-11-09T09:00-31.0042.15444.61017.320.6-24369.0030.04ONO30000000158590
1853-11-10T09:00-31.7239.733599.31015.321.7-24571.0029.98NNO50000000158591
1853-11-11T10:00-32.2037.050.01012.623.3-2674.0029.90STIL0000000158592
1853-11-12T10:00-33.2534.121741009.923.9-2975.0029.82ZZW0000000158593
1853-11-13T10:00-33.4032.9712919.01009.922.8-29873.0029.82ZZO80000000158594
1853-11-14T10:00-33.8729.22846.71017.319.4-29467.0030.04OZO40000000158595
1853-11-15T10:00-34.9226.156015.41020.720.6-30769.0030.14O70000000158596
1853-11-16T11:00-35.5321.93839.31013.322.2-30572.0029.92OZO50000000158597
1853-11-17T11:00-35.6018.171509.31004.822.2-30572.0029.67Z50000000158598
1853-11-18T11:00-34.4814.90842.61014.018.9-29266.0029.94OZO20000000158599
1853-11-19T11:00-33.0713.301291015.321.7-2971.0029.98ZZO0000000158600
1853-11-20T11:00-31.5511.171631011.921.1-2870.0029.88ZTW0000000158601
1853-11-21T11:00-29.858.881074.61011.621.1-28370.0029.87ZO30000000158602
1853-11-22T11:00-28.637.521302.61012.622.2-28272.0029.90ZZO20000000158603
1853-11-23T12:00-27.576.451081013.322.8-2773.0029.92ZO0000000158604
1853-11-24T12:00-26.274.681096.71013.322.8-26473.0029.92ZO40000000158605
1853-11-25T12:00-24.732.851094.61013.323.3-26374.0029.92ZO30000000158606
1853-11-26T12:00-23.521.20884.61011.922.8-25373.0029.88OZO30000000158607
1853-11-27T12:00-21.95-0.23886.71011.923.3-25474.0029.88OZO40000000158608
1853-11-28T12:00-20.32-2.22656.71011.622.2-25472.0029.87O40000000158609
1853-11-29T12:00-18.57-3.93676.71010.923.3ST HELENAN1/3O10-23474.0029.85O40000000158610
1853-11-30T12:00-16.67-5.781124.61009.922.8ST HELENAONO1/2O7-23373.0029.82ZO30000000158611
1853-12-01T12:00-15.25-7.221351.01010.223.3-23174.0029.83ZZO10000000158612
1853-12-02T13:00-14.22-8.121141.01009.923.9-21175.0029.82ZO10000000158613
1853-12-03T13:00-13.28-9.021141.01009.223.9-21175.0029.80ZO10000000158614
1853-12-04T13:00-12.17-10.301141.01009.923.9-21175.0029.82ZO10000000158615
1853-12-05T13:00-11.33-11.48921.01010.924.4-21176.0029.85OZO10000000158616
1853-12-06T13:00-10.23-12.551272.61010.225.0-19277.0029.83ZOTZ20000000158617
1853-12-07T13:00-9.20-13.771166.71009.925.6ACCENSIONNO4O4-19478.0029.82ZO40000000158618
1853-12-08T13:00-7.90-15.02944.61009.925.6-19378.0029.82OZO3LIGT BUIIG1000000158619
1853-12-09T13:00-6.30-16.17944.61010.226.7-19380.0029.83OZO30000000158620
1853-12-10T13:00-4.45-17.471169.31010.927.2-19581.0029.85ZO50000000158621
1853-12-11T13:00-3.22-19.151186.71010.227.2-17481.0029.83ZO40000000158622
1853-12-12T13:00-1.55-20.421066.71010.227.8-18482.0029.83ZOTO40000000158623
1853-12-13T13:000.75-21.481176.71009.228.3-18483.0029.80ZO40000000158624
1853-12-14T14:002.47-22.83866.71009.928.9-15484.0029.82OTZ40000000158625
1853-12-15T14:004.05-23.77402.61009.530.0-16286.0029.81NOTO20000000158626
1853-12-16T14:005.30-24.50296.71010.229.4-16485.0029.83NO40000000158627
1853-12-17T14:007.00-25.95186.71009.928.3-16483.0029.82NOTN40000000158628
1853-12-18T14:008.52-27.33286.71010.227.8-17482.0029.83NO40000000158629
1853-12-19T14:0010.33-28.43204.61009.927.8-14382.0029.82NOTN30000000158630
1853-12-20T14:0012.10-29.73766.71010.226.1-14479.0029.83O40000000158631
1853-12-21T14:0013.85-30.58529.31010.626.7-16580.0029.84ONO50000000158632
1853-12-22T14:0015.93-31.00639.31011.225.0-16577.0029.86OTN50000000158633
1853-12-23T14:0018.05-31.20731011.924.4-1776.0029.88O0000000158634
1853-12-24T14:0019.92-31.121862.61012.625.0-17277.0029.90ZZW20000000158635
1853-12-25T14:0021.13-30.972879.31009.925.6-17578.0029.82NWTW50000000158636
1853-12-26T14:0023.43-30.353199.31008.523.9-19575.0029.78NNW50000000158637
1853-12-27T14:0024.87-29.4329615.41009.922.2-19772.0029.82NW70000000158638
1853-12-28T14:0026.15-28.3530715.41010.922.2-19772.0029.85NWTN70000000158639
1853-12-29T14:0026.88-27.55262.61010.222.2-19272.0029.83NO2REGEN0100000158640
1853-12-30T14:0027.23-28.004915.41011.922.2-19772.0029.88ONO70000000158641
1853-12-31T14:0029.72-29.07356.71016.721.1-21470.0030.02NOTO40000000158642