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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Machtilda Cornelia cruise from Java to the Netherlands started at 1847-03-05 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750569, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -10.557453 * Median Longitude: 24.063302 * South-bound Latitude: -35.380000 * West-bound Longitude: -39.250000 * North-bound Latitude: 39.200000 * East-bound Longitude: 105.100000
Date/Time Start: 1847-03-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1847-06-22T14:00:00
Event(s):
Machtilda_Cornelia_18470305_V_REIS_23_P242-244 * Latitude Start: -7.500000 * Longitude Start: 101.850000 * Latitude End: 53.000000 * Longitude End: 4.490000 * Date/Time Start: 1847-03-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1847-06-22T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Machtilda Cornelia, Voyage: Java - Nederland, 1st Observer: Nanning (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
CommentCommentAny remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc.
10 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
14 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
16 Current speed descriptionV descr
17 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
18 Present weatherwwWeather description
19 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
20 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
21 Cloud typeCloud type
22 ClearnessClearness
23 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
24 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
25 FogFog1 If fog was reported
26 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
27 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
28 HailHail1 If hail was reported
29 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
30 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1719 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Comment
(Any remark, found in the logb...)
10 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
14 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
15 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
16 
V descr
17 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
18 
ww
(Weather description)
19 
Precip descr
20 
State sea descr
21 
Cloud type
22 
Clearness
23 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
24 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
25 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
26 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
27 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
28 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
29 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
30 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1847-03-05T00:001VAN WHUMP VAN TOT HIER TERUG GEKOMEN ZIJNDE WERKTEN WIJ MET DE WINDENVT NOORDEN ZOVEEL MOGELIJK DE STRAAT OM ONZE REIS NAAR HOLLAND TE VERVOLGEN0000000156110
1847-03-06T05:00-6.38105.101.01009.228.3183.0029.80FLAUW EN AANNEMENDE DUBB GER MZKZWARE REGENBUIEN1100000156111
1847-03-07T05:00-7.65104.600ZEER ONGESTADIG0000000156112
1847-03-08T05:00-8.70104.251.01007.927.8082.0029.76FLAAUW SOMS STILBUIJIG0000000156113
1847-03-09T05:00-9.05103.881.01007.928.3083.0029.76FLAAUWBUIJIG0000000156114
1847-03-10T05:00-10.00103.421008.229.4085.0029.77LICHTE KOELTEBEWOLKT0000000156115
1847-03-11T05:00-10.47102.921.01003.130.0086.0029.62FLAUWLICHTE BUITJES1000000156116
1847-03-12T05:00-11.32101.551.01003.828.3083.0029.64FLAAUWLICHTE BUITJES1000000156117
1847-03-13T05:00-11.87101.421.01002.428.3083.0029.60FLAAUWBUIJIG0000000156118
1847-03-14T05:00-11.5099.721.01005.1029.68FLAUWDONDERBUIENZWARE REGENBUIEN1100100156119
1847-03-15T05:00-12.3299.001.028.9084.00FLAUWDONDERVEEL REGEN0100100156120
1847-03-16T05:00-11.8797.531006.528.9084.0029.72ONGESTADIGBUIJIG0000000156121
1847-03-17T06:00-12.2896.781.01007.229.4-185.0029.74FLAUWBEWOLKT0000000156122
1847-03-18T06:00-13.3095.681.01006.527.2-281.0029.72FLAUWBUIJIG0000000156123
1847-03-19T06:00-14.5092.401005.127.8-382.0029.68ONGESTADIGBUIJIG0000000156124
1847-03-20T06:00-15.6088.809.326.7-380.00GEREEFDE MZK?MOOI WEER0000000156125
1847-03-21T06:00-17.0785.1315.41011.227.8-382.0029.86GEREEFDE KOELTEBUIJIG0000000156126
1847-03-22T07:00-18.1881.731013.327.2-681.0029.92GESTADIGBEWOLKT0000000156127
1847-03-23T07:00-19.0379.231008.526.7-680.0029.78GESTADIGBUIJIG0000000156128
1847-03-24T07:00-19.2778.101.01009.226.7-680.0029.80FLAUW EN STILBEWOLKT0000000156129
1847-03-25T07:00-19.4778.031.01013.326.7-680.0029.92FLAUWBUIJIG0000000156130
1847-03-26T07:00-19.4276.251009.926.7-780.0029.82LICHTE KOELTEBEWOLKT0000000156131
1847-03-27T07:00-19.5873.971011.226.7-780.0029.86LICHTE KOELTEMOOI WEERBEWOLKT0000000156132
1847-03-28T07:00-20.2571.352.61011.926.7-880.0029.88BBZKBEWOLKT0000000156133
1847-03-29T07:00-20.8569.901.01014.626.7-880.0029.96FLAUWE KOELTEBEWOLKT0000000156134
1847-03-30T07:00-21.8268.151013.326.1-879.0029.92LICHTE KOELTEHELDER0000000156135
1847-03-31T08:00-22.2067.451.01014.625.6-978.0029.96FLAUWE KOELTEBEWOLKT0000000156136
1847-04-01T08:00-22.4266.65361.01012.625.6-978.0029.90NOFLAUW EN STILBEWOLKT0000000156137
1847-04-02T08:00-23.1065.583621.027.8-1282.00NNO, VARFLAUW EN STILHELDER0000000156138
1847-04-03T08:00-24.0063.77331.01014.626.1-1279.0029.96NOFLAUW EN STILBUIJIG0000000156139
1847-04-04T08:00-25.5561.223472.9-13NO, NSTIJVE BBZK, ONGESTADIG0000000156140
1847-04-05T08:00-26.0260.281671.01018.0-1330.06VAR, ZFLAUW EN STILHELDER0000000156141
1847-04-06T08:00-26.7859.32771.01018.726.7-1380.0030.08OFLAUW EN STILBEWOLKT0000000156142
1847-04-07T08:00-28.2556.873412.027.8-1982.00NLICHTE BBZKHELDER0000000156143
1847-04-08T08:00-29.5354.333621014.626.1-1979.0029.96N, VARZEER ONGESTADIGDONDER, RONDLOPENDE ZWARE BUIENSOMS BUIJIG1000100156144
1847-04-09T08:00-29.4753.902740.0-19Z, NO, WNWSTILBUIJIG0000000156145
1847-04-10T08:00-29.1052.522061.01022.825.0-1977.0030.20ZW EN ZFLAUWE KOELTEHOGE DEINING UIT ZWHELDER0000000156146
1847-04-11T09:00-29.3549.621142.61021.423.3-2174.0030.16ZO EN NOBBZKBEWOLKT0000000156147
1847-04-12T09:00-29.7546.203386.71013.326.1-2279.0029.92NO-NMZK EN MINDERE KOELTEBEWOLKT0000000156148
1847-04-13T09:00-29.3745.423624.61018.723.9-2275.0030.08W, VARZEER ONGESTADIG BZK0000000156149
1847-04-14T09:00-28.9042.571584.61029.522.2-2272.0030.40W-ZBZKBUIJIG0000000156150
1847-04-15T09:00-29.7040.201344.61028.221.7-2471.0030.36Z, ZO, ZZOBZKDEINING UIT WDIKKE LUCHT0000000156151
1847-04-16T10:00-30.4537.48872.61030.222.2-2672.0030.42ZO, OZOBBZKBEWOLKT0000000156152
1847-04-17T10:00-31.1035.60751020.021.7-2671.0030.12OTZLICHTE KOELTEHELDER0000000156153
1847-04-18T10:00-32.2232.78532.61019.423.9-2675.0030.10OTZ, OTNBBZKZWARE DONDERBUIEN1000100156154
1847-04-19T10:00-33.0030.8810615.41007.223.3-2974.0029.74NO, ZOGEREEFDE MZK MET AANEMENDE TOT DICHT GEREEFDE MZKZWARE BUIEN1000000156155
1847-04-20T10:00-33.6328.952861002.424.4-2976.0029.60Z, ZW, STIL, NO, N, NWAANNEMENDEBUIJIG0000000156156
1847-04-21T10:00-33.7529.182191010.920.6LAGEN BIJ-2969.0029.85W, WZWSTORMWEERZWARE REGEN?0100000156157
1847-04-22T10:00-33.4529.482071013.3-2929.92ZWTWSTORMWEER0000000156158
1847-04-23T10:00-34.0027.621060.01032.2-2930.48Z-ZOAFNEMEND TOT STILHELDER0000000156159
1847-04-24T10:00-35.1322.82604.61026.121.1-3070.0030.30OWZW22.5AANNEMENDE TOT BZKZWARE STROOM RAFELING0000000156160
1847-04-25T11:00-35.1021.032196.721.7-2971.00ONO, WZW?ZWTWMZKBEWOLKT0000000156161
1847-04-26T11:00-35.3820.352411022.822.2-2972.0030.20WZW, WLICHTE KOELTEBEWOLKT0000000156162
1847-04-27T11:00-35.0317.531512.61028.920.6-2969.0030.38W, ZW, Z EN ZOONGESTADIGE BBZKBUIJIG0000000156163
1847-04-28T11:00-33.3213.981069.31024.120.0-2968.0030.24ZOGEREEFDE MZKBEWOLKT0000000156164
1847-04-29T11:00-31.2310.701314.61025.5-2730.28ZZOBZK0000000156165
1847-04-30T11:00-30.089.001761.01018.0-2730.06ZZO-ZZWFLAUWE KOELTE0000000156166
1847-05-01T11:00-28.828.372431.01022.120.6-2769.0030.18W, NW, WFLAUWE KOELTE0000000156167
1847-05-02T12:00-27.336.083621.01025.520.0-2668.0030.28Z, VARFLAUWE KOELTE, SOMS IETS MINDER0000000156168
1847-05-03T12:00-26.124.03871.01022.121.1-2670.0030.18ZZO, OZOFLAUWE KOELTEBEWOLKT0000000156169
1847-05-04T12:00-25.022.45891.01020.720.6-2469.0030.14OZOFLAUWE KOELTEBUIJIG0000000156170
1847-05-05T12:00-24.472.072911.01020.721.7-2471.0030.14ZZO, STIL, W, NWFLAUW EN STILHELDER0000000156171
1847-05-06T12:00-23.432.152461.01016.022.8-2473.0030.00N, NW, ZW, WFLAUW EN STILHELDER0000000156172
1847-05-07T12:00-23.121.573620.01019.022.8SOMS ZONDER STUUR-2473.0030.09VARSTIL0000000156173
1847-05-08T12:00-22.620.733360.01018.023.9-2475.0030.06NSTIL0000000156174
1847-05-09T12:00-21.870.231561019.421.7-2471.0030.10ZFLAUW KOELTJEBEWOLKT0000000156175
1847-05-10T12:00-21.48-0.5215622.2-2472.00OZO, Z, EN WZWMEEST GEHEEL STIL0000000156176
1847-05-11T12:00-19.82-1.532461.01016.722.8-2473.0030.02NW, WFLAUWE KOELTEHELDER0000000156177
1847-05-12T12:00-18.82-2.781351.01018.022.2-2372.0030.06W, ZW, ZZOFLAUWE KOELTEBEWOLKT0000000156178
1847-05-13T12:00-17.90-4.381231.01020.023.3-2374.0030.12ZOTZFLAUWE KOELTEMOOI WEER0000000156179
1847-05-14T12:00-16.88-5.781241020.723.3-2374.0030.14ZOTZONGESTADIG0000000156180
1847-05-15T00:0010000000156181
1847-05-16T00:001ANKER OP; CHRONOMETER 2 TE WESTELIJK0000000156182
1847-05-17T00:00-16.98902.01OLICHTE BBZKBEWOLKT0000000156183
1847-05-18T13:00-13.95-9.00692.6-21OONGESTADIGE BBZK0000000156184
1847-05-19T13:00-12.90-10.52802.61022.823.9-2175.0030.20OTZONGESTADIGE BBZKBETROKKEN0000000156185
1847-05-20T13:00-11.83-11.701142.61022.825.6-2178.0030.20ZOTO, ZOONGESTADIGE BBZKHELDER0000000156186
1847-05-21T13:00-10.02-13.071272.61022.826.1-1979.0030.20ZOTZONGESTADIGE BBZKBETROKKEN0000000156187
1847-05-22T13:00-7.77-14.731164.6-19ZOBZKHELDER0000000156188
1847-05-23T13:00-5.50-16.751274.6-19ZOTZBZKWOLKDRIJVEND0000000156189
1847-05-24T13:00-3.27-19.121294.6-17ZOTZBZK0000000156190
1847-05-25T13:00-0.43-20.431296.7-17ZOTZSTIJVE BZK0000000156191
1847-05-26T13:002.08-21.6284-17OTZMINDER KOELTEBEWOLKT0000000156192
1847-05-27T13:003.33-21.921181.0-17ZOFLAUWBUIJIG0000000156193
1847-05-28T14:004.32-22.50961.0-17Z, ZZO, OZOFLAUWREGENDIKKE LUCHT0100000156194
1847-05-29T13:005.50-22.45841.0-17OTZFLAUWREGENBUIJIG0100000156195
1847-05-30T13:006.17-20.472981.0-17O, NWFLAUWREGENBUIJIG0100000156196
1847-05-31T13:006.48-20.82731.0-17OFLAUW EN STILBUIJIG0000000156197
1847-06-01T13:007.08-20.933621.0-17VARFLAUW EN STILBUIJIG0000000156198
1847-06-02T14:007.80-24.633446.7-16NO, NSOMS STIL, MZKBUIJIG0000000156199
1847-06-03T14:009.03-25.873621.0-16NNO-VARFLAUW EN LICHTE KOELTE0000000156200
1847-06-04T14:0010.85-25.12292.0-16NOLICHTE BBZKHELDER0000000156201
1847-06-05T14:0013.00-28.2853-15ONOONGESTADIGBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000156202
1847-06-06T14:0015.13-29.4753-15ONOAANNEMENDE0000000156203
1847-06-07T14:0016.90-31.7053-15ONOGESTADIGBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000156204
1847-06-08T14:0019.25-32.6865-14OTNFLAUW, ONGESTADIGHELDER0000000156205
1847-06-09T14:0021.28-33.33422.6-14NOTOBBZKBEWOLKT0000000156206
1847-06-10T14:0023.25-34.30742.6-16OBBZKBEWOLKT0000000156207
1847-06-11T14:0024.48-35.2029-16NOZEER ONGESTADIGBEWOLKT0000000156208
1847-06-12T14:0025.67-36.4740-16NOTOIETS MINDERHELDER0000000156209
1847-06-13T14:0026.88-37.0085-16NO, O, OTZIETS MINDERHELDER0000000156210
1847-06-14T15:0028.32-37.503621.0-17O, VARONGESTADIG, FLAUWBEWOLKT0000000156211
1847-06-15T15:0029.18-37.95281.0-17NOONGESTADIG, FLAUWBEWOLKT0000000156212
1847-06-16T15:0030.62-38.78621.0-17NO, OTNFLAUWE KOELTEWOLKDRIJVEND0000000156213
1847-06-17T15:0032.23-39.25841026.123.3-1774.0030.30NO, O, OTZZWARE BUIENDIKKE LUCHT1000000156214
1847-06-18T15:0034.38-38.52931027.5-2030.34OZOONGESTADIGDIK, BUIJIG0000000156215
1847-06-19T14:0036.70-36.90922.61030.222.8-2173.0030.42OZOBBZKWOLKDRIJVEND0000000156216
1847-06-20T14:0038.25-35.581101.01032.9-2530.50ZOFLAUWBUIJIG, BEWOLKT0000000156217
1847-06-21T14:0039.20-35.22431.01037.022.2-2572.0030.62OTZ, ONOFLAUW EN STIL0000000156218
1847-06-22T14:0039.03-34.373621.01036.323.3-2574.0030.60VARFLAUWHELDER0000000156219